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THE 


AUTOBIOGRAPHY 


LANDLADY  OF  THE  OLD  SCHOOL, 


PERSONAL    SKETCHES    OP 

EMINENT  CHARACTERS,  PLACES, 
AND  MISCELLANEOUS  ITEMS. 


BOSTON: 

PUBLISHED   FOR  THE  AUTHOR. 

1864. 


WBIOHT  AND  BA8TT,  PRINTXB*, 
WATBK  STREET,  BOSTON. 


PREFACE. 


The  author  has  not  had  an  undae  desire  for  book- 
making,  but  having  had  some  experience  in  the  world, 
and  being,  as  will  be  seen  from  the  work,  one  of  the 
"  old  school,"  she  has  thought  that  the  present  gen- 
eration might  be  benefited  by  reading  an  account  of 
their  fathers  and  mothers.  Not  persons  only,  but 
customs  and  habits  have  essentially  changed,  within 
the  last  fifty  years.  Education  has  taken  new  forms ; 
but  whether  for  the  better  on  the  whole,  is  a  question 
for  the  wise  to  consider. 

When  the  author  began  life,  railroads,  steamboats, 
and  speaking  telegraphs,  were  unknown.  They  were 
among  the  things  that  were  not.  Every  thing  then 
went  upon  the  low  pressure ;  "  slow  and  sure  "  was 
the  watchword.  Steady,  steady,  steady,  the  instruction 
which  fathers  gave  to  their  sons,  and  mothers  to  their 
daughters.  Then  lived  a  generation  of  men  and  women 
who  could  be  depended  upon ;  you  knew  where  to  find 
them.    Such  were   those  of  the  fathers  and   mothers 


IV  PREFACE. 

whose  character  and  "  maimer  of  life,"  are  described 
in  the  following  pages.  Those  who  "remain  unto  this 
present  day,"  we  doubt  not  will  read  them  with  some 
good  degree  of  pleasure ;  but  how  it  wiU  be  with  the 
present  active  generation,  who  have  been  trained  up 
under  different  customs,  and  who  move  with  the  light- 
ning's speed,  we  will  not  venture  a  prediction.  All  we 
have  to  say  is,  here  is  the  book,  large  as  life,  printed 
on  good  paper,  in  fair  and  legible  type,  and  nicely 
bound,  and  well  lettered.  Thus  it  goes  forth  from  the 
hand  of  the  author,  to  find  a  place  among  the  numer- 
ous publications  of  this  publishing  age.  That  it  will 
have  the  widest  circulation  of  any  book  ever  published, 
the  author  does  not  expect;  that  it  will  pay  its  way, 
and  find  some  readers,  she  does  not  doubt. 


CONTENTS. 


CHAPTER    I. 

PAGE. 

Scenes  of  Earlj  Life,         .....  5 


CHAPTER    II. 

Further  Incidents  of  Youth,      ....  12 

CHAPTER    III. 

Dover,  N.  H •  19 

Commencement  of  Public  House-keeping,  .  28 

Counselors  at  Law  a  Century  Ago,  .        .  31 

Inn-keepers  Half  a  Century  Ago,      ...  33 

Mechanics  in  Dover, 34 

High  School  in  Dover, 37 


CONTENTS. 

CHAPTER    IV. 
Wakefield, -40 

CHAPTER    V. 
Bradford,  .......        45 

CHAPTER    VI. 
School  Teaching, "49 

CHAPTER    VII. 

Saco,  Biddeford — The  Hayea  Family,  .         .        55 

CHAPTER    VIII. 
Rockport, 60 

CHAPTER    IX. 
Gilmanton, 64 

CHAPTER     X. 
Alton, 68 

CHAPTER    XI. 
Farmington, 72 


CONTENTS. 

CHAPTER    XII. 
Milton, 76 

f 
CHAPTER    XIII. 

Great  Falls,       .......        83 

CHAPTER    XIV. 
Medford,  Mass., 100 

CHAPTER    XV. 

Chelsea,     ........      102 

CHAPTER     XVI. 
Boston, 104 

CHAPTER     XVII. 
Biography,         . 122 

CHAPTER     XVIII. 

MiscellaneouB,    .       t 193 


AUTOBIOGHAPHY. 


CHAPTER    I. 

SCENES     OF    EARLY     LIFE. 

The  writer  had  the  advantage  of  attend- 
ing two  of  the  best  schools  then  kept 
in  this  country;  one  by  the  Rev.  Wm. 
Stone,  the  other  by  Rev.  Jesse  Apple- 
ton,  afterwards  the  renowned  President 
of  Bowdoin  College.  Of  Mr.  Appleton, 
I  need  not  say,  he  was  one  of  the 
most  scientific,  and  accomplished  men 
of  the  age,  too  well  known  to  the  pub- 
lic to  need  any  commendation  from 
me.  "When  he  closed  the  school,  every 
eye   was    moist    and   every   heart    sick. 


6  SCENES    OF    EARLY   LIFE. 

Many  of  his  maxims  were  excellent 
and  have  not  been  forgotten.  They 
were  calculated  to  be  remembered,  and 
they  were.  Once,  upon  carrying  him 
a  copy,  which  I  had  written  to  be 
examined,  as  was  the  practice  of  the 
school,  he  said,  "  Sophia,  you  will  soon 
be  the  best  writer  in  school,  if  yon 
continue  to  improve  as  you  have  done. " 
This  made  my  youthful  heart  beat 
with  a  laudable  ambition,  not  having 
then  seen  more  than  twelve  summers. 
Before  I  was  thirteen,  I  had  an  invi- 
tation to  teach  a  school  in  Meader- 
borough,  in  the  upper  part  of  Roch- 
ester, N.  H.  I  commenced  the  school 
under  favorable  auspices,  with  eigh- 
teen or  twenty  scholars,  young  men 
and  women,   and  three  babies. 

It  was  my  first  effort,  and  never  did 
I  do  better.  I  was  young  and  strove 
to     excel.      The     school    was    popular 


SCENES   OF   EARLY   LIFE.  / 

and  I  gained  much  credit,  as  a  teach- 
er. At  this  advanced  period,  I  can 
call  to  mind  the  youthful  alacrity  with 
which  I  flew  to  the  faithful  and 
conscientious  discharge  of  every  duty. 
These  are  the  halcyon  days  of  every 
teacher, — days  never  to  be  forgotten. 

Schools  then,  were  not  as  now, 
filled  up  with  all  branches  necessary 
to  make  a  finished  education,  in  these 
modern  times.  The  only  branches 
taught  were  reading,  spelling,  and  writ- 
ing. But  little  was  thought  in  those 
days  of  the  education  of  daughters. 
To  read  and  write,  with  a  smattering  of 
geography  and  arithmetic  were  considered 
the  ne  plus  ultra  of  female  education. 
The  minds  of  girls  were  then  considered 
to  be  inadequate  to  struggle  with  the 
higher  branches  of  education,  which  they 
now  master  so  readily.  "  A  thousand 
times  have  I  thought  with  gratitude  of 


8  SCENES    OF    EARLY    LIFE. 

the  glorious  change  which  has  since 
come  over  the  community. 

The  only  books  then  used  in  school 
were  Webster's  spelling  book,  the  Testa- 
ment, and  the  Third  Part,  for  the  upper 
class.  Who  does  not  remember  with 
what  sparkling  eyes  and  blushing  coun- 
tenances these  children  advanced  from 
ah,  to  Baker,  and  then  to  crucifix,  then 
to  spelling  out  the  lesson  of  the  old  man 
who  first  tried  "  grass,"  and  then  "  what 
virtue  there  was  in  stones,"  upon  the 
young  rogues  who  infested  his  apple- 
tree. 

My  school  was  in  good  order.  Indeed 
I  had  then  learned  from  Mr.  Appleton 
that 

"  Order  waa  heaven's  first  law." 

Special  attention  was  given  to  the  manr 
ners  of  the  pupils.  They  were  taught 
how  to  enter  and  leave  the  school-room. 


SCENES   OF   EARLY   LIFE.  9 

They  were  not  allowed  to  run  in,  and  out, 
like  a  flock  of  sheep  passing  over  a  gap 
of  wall.  The  hoiv  of  the  little  boy  was 
something  more  that  a  nod  over  the 
shoulder,  by  just  turning  the  neck 
askew,  and  bending  it  to  one  side.  The 
courtes^f  of  the  little  girl  was  attempted, 
till  it  could  be  gracefully  performed. 
The  manner  even  of  walking  to,  and 
from  their  seats,  was  not  forgotten  to  be 
taught. 

By  strict  attention  to  these  little  mat- 
ters, the  young  school-marm  soon  gained 
an  enviable  preeminence.  Her  school 
was  famous  through  the  whole  region. 
The  parents  scarcely  knew  their  own 
children,  so  much  were  they,  improved. 
Parents,  teachers  and  pupils,  all  came  to 
see  the  school,  and  went  away  to  praise 
the  teacher. 

A  schoolmistress  in  those  days  was  a 
wonder,  and  especially  one  so  young  as 


10  SCENES    OF    EARLY    LIFE. 

thirteen.  I  closed  this,  my  first  school, 
with  more  than  the  approbation  of  all 
concerned.  Whether  this  flattering  com- 
mencement of  my  pedagogial  labors  was 
on  the  whole  beneficial  to  me  in  after 
life,  will  better  appear  in  the  sequel. 
Be  this  as  it  may,  it  was  truly  gratifying 
to  my  youthful  heart.  I  had  really 
commenced  the  world  for  myself,  and 
felt  as  though  I  could  make  my  way 
in  society  without  leaning  upon  any 
one. 

There  is  something  truly  exhilarating 
in  teaching 

"  The  young  idea  how  to  shoot." 

It  is  a  bewitching  employment,  which 
few  females  who  have  once  entered  upon, 
ever  leave  till  they  change  the  state  of 
"  single  blessedness,"  for  the  bridal  hour 
and  domestic  duties ;  or  are  forced  away 
from  it  by  the  flourishing  of  "  the  almond 


SCENES    OF    EARLY   LIFE.  11 

tree,"  or  the  dimness  of  those  who  "  look 
out  at  the  windows."  Happy,  thrice 
happy,  I  have  often  thought,  that  it  is  so, 
as  it  is  so  necessary  and  useful  an  em- 
ployment ! 


12  INCIDENTS    OF   YOUTH. 

CHAPTER    II. 

FURTHER  INCIDENTS  OF  YOUTH. 

I  HAD  now  completed  my  first  school, 
and  that  with  unusual  eclat.  Probably, 
never  had  so  young  a  girl  succeeded 
better  than  I  had,  or  won  richer  laurels. 
Of  course,  in  Yankee  phraseology,  I 
began  to  feel  that  I  knew  "  pretty  con- 
siderable." 

Mr.  Brewster,  of  Portsmouth,  (a  wor- 
thy name,  as  all  my  readers  know,  in  the 
early  settlement  of  the  Plymouth  colony,) 
engaged  our  district  school.  Being  now 
fourteen  years  old,  I  embraced  the  oppor- 
tunity of  attending,  and  was  one  of  the 
first  three  at  the  opening  of  the  new 
school. 

Our  schools  then  were  all  known  as 
town  schools.     Academies,  high  and  pri- 


IJ;CIDENTS    OF    YOUTH.  13 

vate  schools,  were  not  then  among  the 
things  that  were.  In  those  blessed  days 
so  far  as  schools  were  concerned,  the  rich 
and  the  poor  had  equal  privileges  ;  and 
may  I  not  add,  in  many  respects,  happy 
would  it  have  been  for  the  community, 
had  it  so  continued  to  the  present  time. 
Mr.  B.  was  a  "  smart "  man,  with  sharp 
black  eyes,  one  look  of  which  would 
pierce  a  scholar  through.  His  manner 
was  peculiar,  and  he  seemed  to  under- 
stand all  our  thoughts,  and 

"As  we  gazed,  the  wonder  grew 

That  one  small  head  could  carry  all  he  knew." 

His  discipline  was  of  the  old  primitive 
kind ;  stern  and  inflexible.  In  these 
days  of  modern  refinement  and  sickly 
sentimentality,  it  would  be  intolerably 
severe.  No  doubt  he  believed  the  dec- 
laration of  the  wise  man :  "  he  that  spar- 
eth  the  rod,  spoileth  his  child." 

2 


14  IJ^CIDEISTS    OF    YOUTH. 

On  the  whole,  he  taught  an  excellent 
school,  and  we  made  good  progress  in 
our  studies.  He  "  sought  out  many  in- 
ventions" to  make  us  learn.  We  were 
particularly  pleased  to  go  into  a  larger 
book  filled  with  miscellaneous  articles. 
Often  he  would  select  a  piece,  and  call 
one  of  the  pupils  to  stand  in  his  desk 
and  read  it.  Though  I  was  not  one  of 
the  best  readers,  yet  I  was  one  of  the  five 
selected  to  stand  in  his  desk  and  read. 
I  always  supposed  this  honor  was  con- 
ferred on  me  for  my  good  deportment, 
for,  I  always  endeavored  to  cultivate  the 
gentle  manner. 

I  always  loved  my  teacher,  and  I  con- 
sider this  among  the  reasons  why  I  im- 
proved so  much,  at  all  my  schools.  I 
think  it  may  be  laid  down  as  a  general 
fact  that,  unless  a  pupil  has  an  affbction- 
ate  regard  for  a  teacher,  as  such,  but  little 
improvement  will  be  made.     Dislike  to- 


INCIDENTS    OF    YOUTH.  15 

wards  an  instructor  has  a  paralyzing  effect 
upon  all  progress.  It  casts  a  chilling  blight 
over  all  our  faculties  for  improvement. 
Hence,  I  would  admonish  my  young 
readers  to  cultivate  a  spirit  of  patience, 
forbearance,  and  esteem  for  their  teach- 
ers, "  for  their  work's  sake."  Nothing 
will  make  study  more  pleasant  or  delight- 
ful, or  contribute  more  to  the  improve- 
ment of  the  pupil.  "When  I  see  hatred 
cherished  by  the  pupils  of  any  teacher,  I 
always  feel  that  the  money  paid  for  the 
school  is  thrown  away.  Reciprocity  of 
kind  feelings  between  scholars  and  teach- 
er, are  absolutely  necessary  for  the  ease, 
happiness,  and  well  being  of  all.  My 
readers  will  pardon  me  for  dwelling  upon 
this  point,  because  I  have  seen  so  many 
schools  ruined,  and  so  much  money 
thrown  away,  and  time  lost  for  the  want 
of  it. 

Perhaps,  I  may  say  a  word  profitably 


16  INCIDENTS   OF    YOUTH. 

to  parents.  Very  much  is  depending 
upon  you  as  it  respects  the  progress  of 
your  children.  You  should  never  find 
fault  with  the  teacher  before  your  chil- 
dren. If  you  feel  that  he  is  to  be 
blamed,  go  to  him  personally  and  state  it 
freely.  In  this  way,  you  will  be  likely  to 
secure  his  good  feelings,  and  induce  him 
to  cooperate  with  you  for  the  good  of 
your  children.  Every  word  dropped  in 
their  hearing,  against  the  teacher,  will 
prejudice  their  minds  agakist  him,  and 
have  a  strong  tendency  to  prevent  their 
progress.  The  child  neither  knows,  nor 
ought  to  know,  any  higher  authority 
than  the  parent.  Every  word  and  look, 
and  manner  of  expression  of  the  parent, 
are  watched  by  the  child.  How  very  care- 
ful, then,  should  parents  be,  that  nothing 
detrimental  to  the  character,  or  qualifi- 
cations of  the  teacher,  should  be  heard, 
or  seen  from  parents  by  their  children. 


INCIDENTS    OF    YOUTH.  17 

This  is  of  the  utmost  importance,  as  it 
respects  the  government  of  the  school. 
Without  proper  regulations  in  school, 
and  a  punctilious  observance  of  them, 
there  can  be  no  proper  discipline,  either 
for  mind  or  body.  But  without  the  aid 
and  cooperation  of  parents,  it  will  be  ex- 
tremely difficult  for  the  best  and  most 
accomplished  teacher,  to  keep  a  good 
school.  Even  if  the  rules  are  stringent, 
and  the  laws  severe,  it  is  no  part  of  wis- 
dom for  the  parents  to  object  to  them  in 
the  presence  of  their  children.  Parents 
can  do  much  not  only  in  assisting  the 
teacher  in  governing  the  school,  but  also 
in  facilitating  the  progress  of  their  chil- 
dren in  their  studies.  A  word  of  advice, 
or  a  few  moments  spent  in  helping  them 
get  their  lessons,  is  of  unspeakable  ben- 
efit to  them.  "When  they  find  their  pa- 
rents are  interested  in  their  learning, 
they  take  hold  with  renewed  energy.     It 


18  INCIDENTS    OF    YOUTH, 

gives  a  zest  to  all  their  studies.  Hence 
we  always  find  those  parents  the  best 
satisfied  with  the  school,  and  those  chil- 
dren make  the  greatest  progress,  where 
the  parents  love  learning,  and  encourage 
their  children  in  pursuing  it. 

It  may  be  laid  down  as  a  maxim,  gen- 
erally true,  that  those  children  who  are 
well  governed,  and  well  managed  and 
cared  for  at  home,  are  the  best  pupils, 
and  give  the  teacher  the  least  trouble  at 
school.  Indeed,  what  else  could  be  ex- 
pected from  good  family  government? 
It  is,  as  the  Bible  makes  it,  the  founda- 
tion of  all  government.  Thus  was  I 
taught  in  youth,  and  now  as  age  is 
creeping  over  me,  I  can  bear  testimony 
that  nothing  transpiring  during  my  whole 
life,  has  contradicted  these  wholesome  and 
fundamental  laws  of  order  and  progress. 
Children  are  only  their  parents  repro- 
duced, to  act  over  the  great  game  of  life. 


DOVER.  19 


CHAPTER    III. 

DOVER. 

Dover  was  the  first  settled  town  in  New 
Hampshire  ;  settled  A.  D.  1623.  Dover 
is  one  of  the  principal  towns  of  the 
county  of  Strafford,  situated  about  ten 
miles  north-west  from  Portsmouth.  Its 
two  principal  streams  are  the  Cocheco, 
and  the  Belemy  Bank  rivers ;  they  take 
a  south-east  course  through  the  town, 
and  unite  with  other  waters  to  form  the 
Piscataqua.  On  Dover  neck,  the  first 
settlement  of  the  town  was  made,  in 
1623,  by  a  company  in  England,  who 
styled  themselves  the  "  Company  of  La- 
conia." 

Dover,  some  fifty  or  sixty  years  ago, 
was  thickly  peopled.  The  principal  Eng- 
lish goods  business  was  done  at  the  cor- 


20  DOVER. 

ner ;  the  lumber  and  hard  ware,  at  the 
landing.  I  shall  speak  of  some  of  the 
principal  gentlemen  who  did  business  in 
Dover  half  a  century  ago.  The  Hon. 
William  Hale,  member  of  Congress,  from 
N.  H.,  was  a  mercantile  gentleman,  and 
an  importer  of  hard  ware.  Mr.  Hale  was 
extensively  known  abroad,  and  highly 
respected ;  was  a  man  of  strict  veracity 
and  integrity ;  he  exemplified  his  wisdom 
and  great  strength  of  mind  to  the  last. 
His  large  amount  of  property  was  left 
equally  to  his  heirs  at  his  decease. 

Dr.  Ezra  Green,  a  distinguished  sur- 
geon in  the  French  war,  kept  an  exten- 
sive assortment  of  English  goods,  in  Sil- 
ver street.  The  venerable  Dr.  sustained 
the  high  reputation  of  an  honest  man, 
and  an  exemplary  Christian.  He  lived 
to  the  advanced  years  of  one  hundred 
and  upwards,  and  quietly  fell  asleep  in 
the  arms  of  his  God,  whom  he  worshiped. 


DOVER.  21 

I  will  mention  some  of  the  principal 
gentlemen  who  did  business  in  D.  half 
a  century  ago.  Ezra  Green,  Asa  Tufts, 
John  Wheeler,  George  Andrews,  Phil- 
emon Chandler,  Morrell  Curriur,  at  the 
comer,  Michael  Read,  William  Hale, 
Joseph  Smith,  W^illiam  Perkins,  Joseph 
Gage,  Joshua  Perkins,  James  Jewett, 
with  their  associates,  at  the  landing. 
The  gentlemen  above  named  were  the 
principal  merchants  in  Dover.  They 
were  gentlemen  of  high  standing,  and 
individually,  accumulated  a  handsome 
property ;  and,  with  the  exception  of 
Joseph  Smith,  Esq.,  all  those  active, 
enterprising,  worthy  men,  are  now  in- 
terred in  our  own  burial  ground. 

We  speak  of  the  fathers  from  fifty  to 
sixty  years  ago. 

I  now  speak  of  the  professional  gentle- 
men,— physicians. 

The  elder  Dr.  Jacob  Kittridge,  stood 


22  DOVER. 

on  an  eminence,  classed  among  the  first 
of  the  Kittridges  in  the  Union,  for  their 
great  skill  in  surgery.  His  two  sons, 
Jacob  and  George,  were  distinguished 
physicians  ;  were  cut  down  in  the  prime 
of  life,  in  the  midst  of  their  usefulness, 
much  beloved  and  deeply  lamented. 

Dr.  Jabez  Dow,  was  a  man  of  superior 
talents  ;  had  a  long  and  successful  prac- 
tice ;  was  looked  up  to  as  a  father  in  the 
highly  respectable  Strafford  District  Med- 
ical Society,  of  N.  H. ;  which  society  is 
not  surpassed,  at  the  present  time,  for 
eminence  and  skill  in  its  members. 

Dr.  Samuel  Dow  was  a  man  of  fine 
promise,  successful  in  his  practice,  affa- 
ble, hospitable  and  kind  to  all.  "  Death 
in  the  world  is  a  spoiler,"  and  he  was 
early  called  to  bid  adieu  to  all  earthly 
friends. 

Dr.  Asa  Perkins  was  a  well  read  phy- 


DOVER.  23   . 

sician;  his  health  early  failed  him,  which 
prevented  a  useful  practice. 

Gentlemen  who  have  been  in  the  medi- 
cal school  for  many  years : 

Dr.  I.  Low  is  eminent  in  his  profes- 
sion ;  an  exemplary,  worthy  man,  hospit- 
able and  kind  to  all ;  has  for  many  years 
had  a  successful  practice,  and  stands  at 
the  head  of  the  Strafford  District  Medical 
Society,  and  by  some  is  styled  "  Luke, 
the  beloved  physician."' 

Mrs.  Low  is  a  daughter  of  the  late 
Hon.  William  Hale,  a  lady  of  superior 
qualities,  affable  and  beneficent,  "ever 
ready  to  reach  her  hand  forth  to  the  poor 
and  needy." 

Dr.  Noah  Martm  has  had  a  long  and 
successful  practice  ;  but  recently  has  em- 
barked on  the  more  congenial  current  of 
politics,  and,  in  fifty-three,  was  chosen  to 
fill  the  gubernatorial  chair. 


24  POVER. 

Mrs.  Martin  is  a  daughter  of  the  late 
eminent  Dr.  Woodbury,  and  is  distin- 
guished for  her  hospitality  and  kindness 
to  the  poor. 

In  fifty-four,  there  are  twelve  practis- 
ing physicians  ;  some  of  whom  can  com- 
fort and  relieve  by  their  advice  and  coun- 
sel. There  are  eminent  surgeons,  men  of 
great  respectability ;  some  whose  percep- 
tions are  rapid ;  many  give  proof  of  great 
genius  in  surgery.  Some  are  charitable, 
generous  and  skillful.  The  ingenious 
dentists  are  much  sought  unto.  The 
homoeopathists  by  some  have  the  pref- 
erence. 

Dr.  Joseph  H.  Smith  is  a  talented 
man,  irreproachable  in  his  practice.  Drs. 
Thompson  and  Bickford,  celebrated  for 
surgery. — Dr.  Paul,  for  dentistry.  Drs. 
Stagpole  and  Pray,  for  physic. 

Dea.  Benjamin  Pierce  was  one  of  the 
pillars  of  the  first  church  in  Dover.     Por 


DOVER.  25 

half  a  century,  his  own  private  house 
was  open  to  the  use  of  the  church  and 
parish,  for  church  meetings  and  religious 
exercises.  His  youngest  son  sustains  the 
same  position  in  the  church,  at  the  pres- 
ent time,  very  much  beloved  and  highly 
respected. 

William  Paine,  I.  Thomdike,  Samuel 
Hubbard,  E.  Frances,  Gardner  Green, 
David  Sears,  Wm.  Shimmin,  Lawrence 
and  Parker,  Esqs.,  with  their  associates, 
were  the  noble  men  who  laid  the  founda- 
tion, through  their  enterprismg  agent, 
John  Williams,  Esq.,  for  those  spacious 
factories  that  have  so  much  benefited 
the  now  flourishing  and  beautiful  village 
of  Dover.  We  feel  pensive,  when  we 
think,  so  large  a  number  of  those  ven- 
erable worthies  have  passed  to  that 
"  bourne  from  whence  no  traveler  re- 
turns ;"  have  bid  adieu  to  all  earthly 
things,  and  dear  friends  here  below.    We 

3 


26  DOVER. 

must  pause  and  reflect ;  taking  a  retro- 
spective view,  we  know  those  who  are 
among  the  living  will  not  be  spared  long ; 
and,  as  Mr.  Bacon  says,  "  taking  life 
as  it  is,  who  would  live  always  ?" 

This  is  a  large  and  extensive  corpora- 
tion, with  Messrs.  Moses  Paul,  George 
Matherson,  and  Benjamin  Barnes,  Esq, 
financier. 

Captain  Paul  is  a  gentleman  of  strict 
integrity,  kind  and  benevolent  feelings, 
ready  to  help  those  who  try  to  help 
themselves.  "A  man  who  feareth  the 
Lord  is  knovm  when  he  sitteth  among 
elders." 

Mr.  Matherson  is  a  gentleman  who 
has  an  air  of  facetiousness,  on  meeting 
him.  Is  without  a  parallel  in  his  pro- 
fession ; — the  art  of  bleaching  and  print- 
ing. The  ten  millions  of  yards  of  cotton 
cloth  made  annually  in  those  four  spa- 
'^ious     factories,     are    turned    into    the 


DOVER.  27 

bleaching  and  printing  factories,  under 
the  supervision  of  George  Matherson, 
Esq.,  which  are  said  to  surpass  any 
prints  in  the  United  States. 

Of  the  four  hundred  and  fifty  male 
members  engaged  in  the  respectable  and 
honorable  manufacturing  business  in  Do- 
ver, there  were  many  worthy  gentlemen 
whom  I  numbered  among  my  friends, 
but  had  not  the  pleasure  of  meeting 
when  visiting  D.  in  '53. 

And  those  worthy  females  who  were 
engaged  in  their  pleasant  occupation, 
numbering  from  seven  hundred  and  fif- 
ty to  twelve  hundred,  when  we  resided 
in  D.,  gave  great  assistance  to  our  sev- 
eral societies. 

We  met  ladies  there  ready  to  do  their 
duty,  and  help  carry  forward  those  enter- 
prises that  were  extending  their  influence 
over  the  continent. 


28  DOVER. 

Our  kind  rememberance  is  clue  to  Miss 
E.  Dana,  sister  to  the  Rev.  C.  Dame. 

Commencement  of  public  house-keeping. 

May  1816,  opened  the  Dover  hotel, 
then  known  as  the  Gage  tavern ;  kept  it 
three  years  ;  removed  to  Medford,  Mass., 
as  will  be  seen  in  another  chapter. 

By  the  solicitation  of  gentlemen,  we 
returned  to  Dover,  May  1822.  Com- 
menced the  second  time  in  the  same 
hotel,  with  large  additions  and  improve- 
ments. It  was  at  the  time  those  facto- 
ries were  commenced,  that  now  cover 
that  large  space  of  ground  at  the  Coche- 
cho  Falls.  It  was  then  those  noble 
minded  Bostonians  invested  a  large  capi- 
tal, that  has  annually  been  on  the  in- 
crease, and  has  invariably  added  to  the 
wealth,  prosperity,  and  popularity  of 
Dover. 


DOVER.  29 

While  in  that  hotel,  we  were  patron- 
ised by  the  first  people  in  the  Union. 
The  proprietors  of  the  manufacturing 
company,  with  their  families,  were  on 
the  daily  list  of  arrivals,  with  many  oth- 
ers of  like  distinction. 

President  Monroe  and  suite  made  us  a 
formal  visit,  which  amused  our  good 
citizens  for  the  time  being. 

In  1825  the  great  and  beloved  person- 
age, General  Lafayette,  visited  us,  which 
brought  a  large  concourse  of  people  to- 
gether, with  cheerful  countenances  and 
overflowing  hearts ;  each  one  emulous 
to  be  the  first  to  present  him  the  friendly 
hand,  and  bid  him  a  hearty  welcome. 
By  a  special  invitation  of  the  Hon.  \Ym. 
Hale,  he  ^  spent  the  night  at  his  place, 
which  gave  place  to  other  guests  from 
abroad.  On  his  departure  from  our  vil- 
lage, hundreds  assembled,  and  tears  of 
sympathy  were  shed  by  many. 


30  DOVER. 

Some  time  afterward,  the  Ex-President, 
John  Quincy  Adams,  passed  through,  in 
a  private  capacity,  accompanied  by  the 
great  statesman,  the  Hon.  Mr.  Davis, 
who  stopped  with  us  for  the  night. 
Their  visit  brought  in  a  large  number  of 
our  good  people,  who  were  much  pleased 
with  the  interview.  The  memory  of 
John  Quincy  Adams  ought  to  be  em- 
balmed in  the  hearts  of  all.  A  good 
man  lives  in  the  Tomb. 

We  had  a  pleasant  interview  with  Mr. 
Adams  while  there.  Referred  to  Lafay- 
ette's tour  ;  we  remarked,  "  I  suppose 
we  shall  not  have  the  pleasure  again." 
Mr.  A.  replied,  with  an  emphasis,  "  I 
hope  not." 

While  keeping  the  Dover  hotel,  we 
built  the  N.  H.  hotel,  one  of  the  most 
convenient  and  pleasant  houses  in  the 
state. 

In  1835,  seeing  and  experiencing  the 


DOVER.  31 

great  evils  of  intemperance,  we  fully  de- 
cided to  make  the  N.  H.  hotel  a  strict 
temperance  house ;  the  first  temperance 
hotel,  it  will  be  safe  to  say,  that  was 
established  in  New  England.-  Some  of 
our  customers  stood  by  us,  but  a  larger 
proportion  turned  away. 

There  were  great  temperance  efforts 
made  in  Dover ;  the  gentlemen  and  ladies 
came  up  to  the  work  with  one  mind. 
The  best  of  temperance  lecturers  were 
procured  from  all  parts  of  the  Union. 
Enlightened,  able,  and  intelligent  gentle- 
men, were  listened  to  with  breathless 
silence ;  persuasive  arguments  were  used, 
moral  and  legal. 

Counselors  at  Law  half  a  century  ago. 

T.  K.  Atkinson,  Charles  "Woodman, 
Oliver  Crosby,  D.  M.  Durell,  Moses 
Hodgdon. 

Judge    Atkinson   was    a  gentlemanly 


32  DOVER. 

man;  inherited  a  large  property  by  entail- 
ment ;  lived  in  high  life ;  was  very  much 
caressed.  Madam  Atkinson  was  a  cour- 
teous woman,  and  had  the  appearance  of 
being  educated  a  court-lady.  She  sur- 
vived her  husband  a  number  of  years. 

Henry  Mellen,  Esq.,  was  an  affable 
gentleman,  much  beloved  and  respected  ; 
was  cut  down  in  the  midst  of  life  and 
usefulness. 

Charles  Woodman  was  a  young  attor- 
ney ;  he  commenced  life  with  flattering 
prospects.  He  married  the  second 
daughter  of  Judge  Wheeler,  a  beautiful 
young  lady.  He  lived  to  see  an  infant 
child ;  when  on  his  death  bed,  he  ex- 
pressed much  solicitude  for  the  mother 
and  son. 

Judge  Durell  was  a  gentlemanly  man, 
accumulated  a  handsome  property,  which 
he  left  equal  to  his  heirs,  who  are  of 
much  promise. 


DOVER.  33 

Moses  Hodgdon,  Esq.,  ^was  a  worthy 
man ;  for  many  years  he  was  afilicted  with 
a  complaint  which  terminated  his  life. 

Oliver  Crosby,  Esq.,  had  the  reputa- 
tion of  being  an  honest  law^'er.  He  left 
Dover  many  years  since,  and  located  in 
the  state  of  Maine. 

Inn-keepers  half  a  century  ago. 

Jonathan  Gage,  Amos  Cogswell,  Tho- 
mas Footman,  Capt.  J.  Riley,  Nathaniel 
W.  Ela,  Col.  Fisher. 

"  Gage's  Inn "  is  a  part  of  the  Dover 
hotel ;  Col.  Cogswell's  on  the  site  of  the 
New  Hampshire ;  Capt.  Riley's  opposite 
the  residence  of  Mr.  A.  C.  Smith;  Mr. 
Footman,  jail  keeper,  on  the  site  of  Mr. 
Niles'  beautiful  residence;  Col.  Fisher's 
at  Garrison  Hill ;  Mr.  Ela's  on  Dover 
landing,  is  each  one  of  the  ancient  land- 
marks. Those  gentlemen  were  highly 
respectable  inn-keepers. 


34  DOVER. 

Mechanics  in  Dover. 

We  come  now  to  speak  of  the  honored 
mechanics.  Marble  Osborn,  on  Pleasant 
street,  a  firm  Friend  in  principle,  was  one 
of  the  pillars  in  that  ancient  society. 

Ezekiel  Hayes,  a  gentlemanly  man;  few 
families  lived  in  such  nice  style  as  did 
the  family  of  Mr.  Hayes. 

Stephen  Sawyer,  a  judicious,  sober, 
discreet  man,  a  Friend  in  principle,  and 
exemplified  it  in  life. 

Col.  Sise  was  a  native  of  Ireland,  an 
artist  in  business,  his  health  failed  him, 
and  he  repaired  to  the  business  of  in- 
structing, surveying,  navigation,  &c. 
Mr.  Sise  was  an  afi'able  gentleman,  al- 
ways had  a  pleasant  word  for  all. 

Ezra  Kimball  was  a  native  of  Dover ; 
a  tanner  by  trade,  kept  a  large  number 
of  apprentices  ;  was  an  exemplary,  wor- 
thy man.  He  married  a  daughter  of  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Stacy,  of  Lebanon,  Me. 


DOTER.  35 

Mrs.  Kimball  was  a  pattern  of  piety, 
an  eminent  Christian ;  she  survived  her 
husband  for  many  years. 

Friend  Brown,  at  Garrison  Hill,  was 
among  the  early  settlers,  was  a  Friend  by 
profession,  was  a  pattern  of  humility,  an 
exemplary  Christian,  and  has  worthy  de- 
scendants residing  in  Philadelphia.  " 

Samuel  Esthes  was  distinguished  in 
his  profession;  a  worthy  man;  imbibed 
the  sentiments  of  the  Friends. 

Mrs.  Esthes  was  a  whole  hearted  wo- 
man ;  the  poor  and  needy  always  found 
relief  at  her  door. 

Friend  Purrington  was  among  the 
number  of  that  worthy  class  of  men,  a 
hatter  by  trade ;  located  at  Garrison 
Hill. 

George  Pendexter  was  an  enterprising 
gentleman,  did  a  large  business,  with  the 
best  of  apprentices,  for  many  years. 

Mrs.  Pendexter  is  a  lady  of  superior 


36  DOVER. 

qualities,  a  fine  manager,  large  percep- 
tions, hospitable  and  kind  to  all.  They 
have  four  sons  abroad,  enterprising  wor- 
thy young  gentlemen,  who  have  a  care 
for  their  aged  parents,  and  have  placed 
them  in  circumstances  above  want.  Mr. 
P.  has  been  providentially  deprived  of 
the  use  of  his  limbs  for  many  years. 

Abraham  Folsom,  Esq.,  one  of  the 
most  generous  and  enterprising  citizens 
of  Dover,  has  a  very  extensive  establish- 
ment located  on  Hamilton  street,  for 
manufacturing  oil  cloth  carpeting.  At 
this  establishment  he  manufactures  daily 
about  1000  yards,  embracing  the  most 
beautiful  patterns  made  in  this  country ; 
in  the  manufacture  of  these  goods,  he 
necessarily  uses  an  immense  quantity  of 
stock,  and  gives  constant  employment  to 
about  forty  men.  Mr.  Folsom  deserves 
great  credit  for  the  enterprise  and  ability 
displayed  by  him   in  the  production  of 


DOVER.  37 

these  elegant  goods,  which  are  executed 
in  a  style  that  >vill  keep  them  high  in 
the  estimation  of  a  generous  public,  and 
we  are  happy  to  know  they  are  univer- 
sally sought  for  by  the  "  trade,"  in  all  the 
large  cities.  Some  of  this  beautiful  car- 
peting having  been  on  exhibition  at  the 
late  state  fair  in  New  Hampshire,  the 
committee,  as  a  testimonial  of  their  appre- 
ciation for  the  neatness  and  originality  in 
design,  of  these  substantial  fabrics,  justly 
awarded  him  a  diploma ;  and,  we  think, 
it  can  in  truth  be  said  of  that  establish- 
ment, it  is  an  enterprise  second  to  none 
in  New  England. 

High  School  in  Dover. 

District  No.  2,  has  a  splendid  edifice, 
erected  at  a  great  expense,  where  they 
have  had  an  admirable  school  in  success- 
ful operation  for  about  three  years.  The 
house  itself  is  a  model  one,  possessing 


38  DOVER. 

great  advantages  in  its  construction  and 
location;  being  located  on  the  north- 
easterly side  of  the  river,  bounding  on 
First  street,  with  a  beautiful  grove  in  the 
rear,  and  a  fine  play-ground  in  front.  In 
its  construction,  it  possesses  every  com- 
fort and  convenience  that  can  possibly  be 
desired;  the  arrangements  for  heating 
and  ventilation  being  very  nearly  perfect, 
and  in  fine,  we  think  the  inhabitants  of 
school  district  No.  2,  in  Dover,  have  just 
cause  to  be  proud  of  that  beautiful  edi- 
fice. 

Messrs.  Wadleigh,  Gibbs,  and  Burr, 
are  printers  and  proprietors  of  the  sev- 
eral printing  offices  in  Dover,  N.  H. 

George  Wadleigh,  Esq.,  the  publisher 
of  the  Dover  Enquirer,  is  a  straight  for- 
ward, upright  man,  unwavering  in  his 
political  whig  principles. 

John  T.  Gibbs,  Esq.,  proprietor  and 
publisher  of  the  Dover  Gazette,  is  demo- 


DOVER.  39 

cratic  in  principle ;  maintains  his  cause 
with  much  zeal.  The  Gazette  has  a 
large  circulation.  We  are  indebted  to 
Mr.  Gibbs  for  past  favors  through  his 
press ;  he  is  a  benevolent,  gentlemanly 
man. 

The  Morning  Star,  published  by  Wm. 
Burr,  Esq.,  is  the  organ  of  the  Free-will 
Baptists,  and  can  justly  be  said  to  be  one 
of  the  best  religious  papers.  Mr.  Burr 
is  an  affable  gentleman,  much  respect- 
ed at  home  and  abroad. 


40  WAKEFIELD. 

CHAPTER   IV. 

WAKEFIELD,      N.     H. 

Wakefield  is  the  most  southerly  town 
of  Carroll  county,  and  is  bounded  on  the 
east  by  the  state  of  Maine.  It  abounds  in 
waterfalls,  which  are  used  chiefly  for  the 
manufacture  of  lumber.  The  Great 
Falls  and  Conway  Kailroad,  is  laid  out 
through  almost  the  entire  length  of  the 
town,  and  is  now  in  process  of  comple- 
tion to  the  line  dividing  it  from  Milton. 
In  consequence  of  this  road,  this  will  be 
again,  as  in  days  of  old,  the  great  thor- 
oughfare to  the  White  Mountains. 

The  writer  regrets  that  she  has  not  the 
original  records  of  the  first  settlers;  as 
undoubtedly,  it  would  be  interesting  to 
some  of  her  readers,  to  have  copious  ex- 
tracts from  them. 


WAKEFIELD.  41 

As  far  as  the  author's  memory  serves, 
David  Copp,  Esq.,  Col.  Jonathan  Palmer, 
Esq.,  Mr.  Hall,  father  of  the  present 
Halls,  and  Mr.  Dow,  father  of  the  nu- 
merous family  of  Dows,  were  among  the 
first  inhabitants  of  this  town.  Their  de- 
scendants have  been  renowned  for  their 
enterprise  in  business  and  literary  pur- 
suits. 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Piper,  was  the  first  min- 
ister in  Wakefield,  of  whom  the  author 
has  any  knowledge.  His  ministry  ex- 
tended through  many  years,  during 
which  he  was  much  beloved,  and  his 
death  was  deeply  lamented  by  his  pa- 
rishoners,  when  he  went  to  his  reward. 
He  has  a  son  still  living,  an  officer  in  the 
Orthodox  church,  who  bears  the  reputa- 
tion of  a  pious  and  worthy  man. 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Barker,  the  present  min- 
ister, is  a  sound  preacher,  a  good  scholar, 
and   a    worthy   example    to    his    flock. 


42  WAKEFIELD. 

WMle  on  a  visit  to  this  place,  the  writer 
had  an  interview  with  him,  when  he  was 
soliciting  aid  from  a  family  of  distinction, 
for  the  purpose  of  repairing  his  church. 
This  house  may  be  said  to  be  one  of  the 
old  landmarks  of  New  England.  It  is 
one  of  those  venerable  old  churches,  with 
square  pews,  door  in  one  side,  and  pulpit 
in  the  other,  mounted  as  high  towards 
heaven,  to  which  the  pastor  points  the 
way,  as  it  well  can  be ;  and  as  a  witty 
divine  said,  "  Looks  as  though  the  devil 
had  some  hand  in  raising  the  pulpit  so 
high,  that  he  might  kill  the  minister  the 
sooner." 

As  people  and  minister  seemed  to  be 
sW^ell  agreed,  we  presume  he  soon  raised  a 
subscription  sufficient  to  make  the  neces- 
sary repairs. 

The  present  postmaster  of  this  town, 
is  Mr.  Chesley,  a  worthy  and  excellent 
man. 


WAKEFIELD.  43 

Mr.  Paul  keeps  an  inn  here,  whom  we 
found  at  the  door  of  his  house,  ready,  in 
a  polite  and  gentlemanly  manner,  to  wel- 
come us  to  his  hospitality.  It  is  pleasant 
and  cheering  to  find  a  home  when  a  trav- 
eler is  weary,  hungry  and  tMrsty. 

Five  miles  from  the  Upper  Village,  in 
Wakefield,  is  the  Union  Village.  It  is  a 
pleasant  spot,  with  a  fine  sheet  of  water. 
At  some  distant  day,  it  is  presumed,  it  will 
become  a  large  manufacturing  place. 
Probably  the  raikoad  will  be  in  com- 
pletion there  by  the  coming  autumn. 

Joshua  G.  HaU,  Esq.,  has  a  fine  hotel ; 
an  excellent  home  for  those  who  wish  to 
retire  from  the  noise  and  bustle  of  the 
world ;  where  many  a  weary  traveler  has 
been  refreshed  and  made  comfortable  and 
happy. 

Mr.  John  Treadeck  has  a  store  of  fine 
goods  in  this  village.  His  stock  being 
so  constantly  replenished,  any  one   can 


44  WAKEFIELD. 

be  satisfied  here  that  could  be  in  large 
cities. 

Messrs.  Hayes  and  Nute,  are  exten- 
sively engaged  in  the  manufacturing  of 
shoes,  which,  to  them,  is  a  lucrative  busi- 
ness. We  are  much  gratified  at  their 
success,  and  that  of  their  young  journey- 
men. 


BRADFORD.  45 


CHAPTER    V. 


BRADFORD. 


From  the  Semi-Centenial  Catalogue  of 
the  oiRcers  and  students  of  Bradford 
Academy,  1853,  we  learn  that  the  period 
of  fifty  years  which  has  just  elapsed, 
since  the  opening  of  the  institution, 
embraces  pupils  of  three  generations,  and 
from  nearly  all  the  states  in  the  Union. 
In  1804,  the  institution  was  incorporated 
under  the  name  of  "  the  Bradford  Acad- 
emy." Three  years  afterwards,  in  the 
summer  of  1807,  the  writer  was  there, 
having  heard  the"  fame  of  the  academy, 
even  in  the  morning  of  its  commence- 
ment. I  was  very  desirous  of  pursuing 
farther  for  learning,  to  prepare  myself 
better  for  usefulness  in  life.  Previous  to 
this,  in  the  winter  of  1805,  I  entered 


46  BRADFORD. 

Gilmanton  academy,  under  the  instruc- 
tion of  a  Mr.  Sheldon,  quite  a  popular 
teacher ;  I  remained  there  till  I  exhaust- 
ed my  funds.  With  good  courage  I  com- 
menced teaching  again.  As  soon  as  it 
was  rumored  that  I  had  just  returned 
from  G.  academy,  I  had  many  applica- 
tions. I  instructed  the  youth  two  quar- 
ters, and  I  began  to  sigh  for  further 
knowledge.  I  then  counted  my  shillings 
and  pence,  to  see  if  I  could  set  my  face 
toward  B.  academy.  I  felt  somewhat 
doubtful  of  my  means.  I  made  my  in- 
tentions known  to  a  young  lady  of  my 
acquaintance,  who  kindly  loaned  me  a 
five  dollar  bill.  In  the  summer  of  1807, 
I  left  Dover  in  the  mail  stage,  for  Brad- 
ford; as  that  was  the  only  stage  that 
passed  through,  or  came  to  the  place,  at 
that  time ;  the  mail  route  was  through 
Portland,  Dover,  and  Portsmouth.  I 
slept  in  P.  one  night;   the  second  day 


BRADFORD.  47 

arrived  at  Kimball's  inn,  in  Bradford, 
where  I  received  marked  attention  by 
Mrs.  K.  She  soon  directed  me  to  a  fine 
boarding-house,  where  I  was  made  very 
happy.  After  making  some  prelimina- 
ries, I  soon  entered  the  academy.  Isaac 
Morrell,  A.  M.,  preceptor.  Miss  Eliza 
Allen,  preceptress,  daughter  of  the  Rev. 
Jona.  Allen,  who  was  elected  president 
of  the  institution  in  1803,  were  present. 

At  the  time  the  writer  was  an  inmate 
of  the  seminary,  besides  the  higher  in- 
struction in  English  branches,  considera- 
ble attention  was  bestowed  in  the  depart- 
ment on  painting  and  embroidery;  a 
nice  work  sketch  on  satin,  by  means  of  a 
needle-work,  then  much  in  vogue.  Pro- 
ficiency in  this  art  was  at  that  time 
esteemed  an  essential  part  of  a  young 
lady's  education.  Many  beautiful  speci- 
mens of  such  pieces  of  embroidery  are 
still    preserved,     which    were    wrought 


48  BRADFORD. 

under  the  teachings  of  one  of  the  first 
preceptresses.  The  writer  retains  hers, 
as  a  choice  memento,  and  specimens 
wrought  at  Bradford  academy,  in  1807, 
a  period  of  forty-six  years. 

In  1823  we  sent  our  daughter,  Eliza 
Wyatt,  to  the  much  beloved  seminary. — 
In  1825,  our  niece,  Sophia  Western 
Jones,  and  daughter,  Charlotte  Lyman 
Wyatt,  and  the  latter  in  1832. — Precep- 
tor, the  distinguished  and  philosophic 
Mr.  Greenleaf ;  preceptress,  the  far  famed 
and  very  learned  Miss  A.  C.  Hazleton. 
Much  remains  to  be  said  of  those  emi- 
nent teachers,  but  I  must  leave  it  for 
abler  writers. 


SCHOOL    TEACHING.  49 

CHAPTER     VI. 

SCHOOL  TEACHIN  G. 

Commenced  teacliing  school  at  the  early 
age  of  thirteen,  as  has  been  stated.  I 
continued  teaching  and  attending,  seven 
or  eight  years.  I  then  married  Jonathan 
Hayes,  son  of  Aaron  Hayes,  a  highly  re- 
spectable farmer,  whose  wife  was  a 
granddaughter  of  the  Rev.  Jonathan 
Gushing.  Mrs.  Hayes  was  a  lady  of 
great  strength  of  mind,  and  eminent 
piety ;  a  constant  reader  of  the  Script- 
ures, and  of  a  remarkable  memory.  We 
commenced  house-keepuig  in  the  upper 
rooms  of  a  store  opposite  the  residence  of 
Michael  Read,  Esq.,  on  Dover  landmg. 
Mr.  Read  was  a  merchant  of  high  stand- 
ing ;  dealt  largely  in  the  lumber  trade,  as 
did  a  few  other  gentlemen  of  distinction ; 


50  SCHOOL   TEACHING. 

these  monopolized  the  entire  business, 
as  the  inhabitants  were  few  and  trade 
small,  at  that  period.  Mr.  Read  was  a 
man  of  sound  principles,  upright  in  his 
dealings,  a  grave,  sober  man,  and  a  con- 
stant attendant  at  church.  Mrs.  Read 
was  a  lady  of  rare  qualities.  I  shall 
speak  from  experience  of  complex  house- 
keeping early  in  the  morning  of  life ; 
and  an  unforeseen  event  which  followed. 
We  soon  had  the  misfortune  of  indispo- 
sition, and  dislocated,  or  broken  limbs  in 
the  family.  Mrs.  Read  was  truly  my 
"  neighbor ;"  she  acted  the  part  of  the 
good  Samaritan  ;  "always  ready  to  pour  in 
the  oil  and  wine  of  consolation,  and  to 
bind  up  the  wounds  of  the  afflicted ;  her 
untiring  efforts  failed  not.  Mr.  Read 
accumulated  a  large  property,  left  to  his 
descendants,  a  worthy  family.  The  Man- 
sion House  is  one  of  the  ancient  land- 
marks  of  Dover.     It  is   kept  in   good 


SCHOOL   TEACHING.  51 

repair  by  the  only  son  now  living.  The 
repairs  have  made  no  material  change  in 
the  exterior. 

My  husband  being  desirous  of  doing 
more  than  his  small  ordinary  business 
would  allow,  applied  to  his  father  to 
assist  him  in  obtaining  some  goods  to 
trade  on,  his  father  becoming  surety  to 
the  Havens,  of  Portsmouth,  for  a  parcel 
of  goods.  He  commenced  trading,  but 
soon  found  his  expectations  were  not 
realized  in  store-keeping. — Grew  discour- 
aged, and  decided  against  all  the  entreat- 
ies of  his  friend,  to  take  a  quantity  of  the 
English  goods,  and  go  out  to  the  West 
Indies,  hoping  to  dispose  of  them  in  a 
more  lucrative  manner.  He  soon  made 
all  preliminaries  with  captain  Thomas 
Boardman,  who  was  bound  to  St.  Domin- 
go, to  sail  with  hun. 


52  SCHOOL  TEACHING. 

A  son  of  Levi  Dearborn,  Esq.,  of  Koch- 
ester,  and  Mr.  Daniel  Tripe,  of  Dover, 
left  their  homes  for  a  destiny  they  knew 
not  of. 

Capt.  Boardman  returned,  giving  an 
unsatisfactory  account  of  the  men  and 
ship.  His  report  was,  he  was  absent 
from  the  ship,  when  the  insurrection  of 
the  blacks  took  place,  and  knew  not 
what  become  of  them.  There  was  no 
information  received  afterwards,  notwith- 
standing his  parents  and  friends  looked 
forward  with  great  solicitude  for  many 
years,  hoping  he  might  be  returned.  I 
was  then  left  on  my  own  resources,  with 
one  son,  who  his  grandparents  took. 
His  grandfather,  in  his  last  will,  made 
him  equal  to  his  other  heirs,  deducting 
the  amount  he  had  given  to  his  father. 

From  the  long  experience  in  teaching, 
from  twenty-eight  to  thirty  years,  the 
writer  presumes  it  would  not  be  unsafe 


SCHOOL  TEACHING.  53 

to  suppose  she  has  instructed  more  youth 
than  any  other  lady  in  N.  H.  And  it  is 
an  honest  confession  for  me  to  say,  that  I 
never  instructed  a  child  I  did  not  love. 
It  gives  me  pleasure  to  know,  that  many 
of  those  then  dear  youth,  are  now  filling 
some  of  the  most  conspicuous  situations 
in  life,  of  almost  every  profession.  Some 
years  since,  an  attorney  at  law,  now  a 
member  of  Congress,  brought  me  a  num- 
ber of  certificates  I  gave  him  as  a  reward 
of  merit,  while  teaching  a  protracted 
school  in  D.  of  one  year.  It  must  have 
been  upwards  of  forty-five  years;  they 
were  pleasant  mementos.  The  school- 
house  was  finished  in  1810,  on  the  same 
site  the  brick  school-house  now  stands 
upon,  m  School  street,  on  Dover  landing. 
My  schools,  in  Dover,  were  public,  or 
district  schools,  with  a  few  exceptions. 
They  had  not  the  great  advantages  for 
schools  forty  or  fifty  years  ago,  they  have 


54  SCHOOL  TEACHING. 

now.  On  the  last  quarter  of  this  long 
school,  much  ambition  and  excitement 
was  created,  to  see  who  would  excel  at 
the  examination  and  exhibition  that  were 
to  come  off  at  the  close  of  the  school. 
The  books  were  taken  home,  their 
studies  reviewed,  pieces  and  dialogues 
carefully  spoken  at  home  and  at  school. 
The  young  ladies'  uniform  was  to  be 
white,  with  pink  sashes.  The  lads'  were 
to  be  blue  sashes.  All  preliminaries 
were  made,  parents,  friends  and  all,  were 
invited. 


SACO,    BIDDEFORD.  55 

CHAPTER    VII. 

SACO,  BIDDEFORD. — THE  HATES  FAMILY,  &C. 

In  the  autumn  of  1853,  we  crossed  the 
line  of  the  granite  state,  into  the  lumber 
state.  We  made  a  stop  at  the  Saco 
House,  which  was  commodious  and  ele- 
gant ;  kept  by  Henry  0.  Cram,  Esq.,  a 
courteous  and  gentlemanly  landlord. 
The  attendants  at  this  house,  to  strangers, 
were  an  intelligent  young  son  of  Mr.  Cram, 
and  a  young  man  who  was  well  versed  in 
the  business,  who  had  a  supervision  over 
the  affairs  of  the  house ;  and  they  made 
strangers  feel  pleasantly  and  at  home  while 
there.  Taking  the  far  famed  Saco  beach 
into  consideration,  it  must  be  a  desirable 
retreat  for  visitors,  in  the  summer  season. 
Called  on  the  eminent  Dea.  J.  M.  Hayes; 
this   gentleman   has   probably  exerted  a 


56  SACO,   BIDDEFORD. 

better  moral  and  religious  influence  on 
minds,  than  almost  any  other  individual. 
He  is  ever  ready  to  visit  the  sick  and 
sorrowful,  and  impart  consolation  and 
sympathy  to  the  troubled  mind.  Dea. 
H.  is  a  paragon  of  piety,  a  native  of  Do- 
ver, N".  H.,  where  his  honored  parents 
resided  till  their  death. 

Mr.  Herculaus  Hayes,  a  younger 
brother,  was  a  mercantile  gentleman  in 
Boston,  for  many  years.  Later  in  life  he 
removed  to  New  York  city,  where  he  ac- 
cumulated a  fortune,  which  he  had  the 
pleasure  of  distributing  to  his  relatives 
by  a  will,  in  his  last  sickness,  agreeable 
to  his  own  mind.  Mr.  Hayes  was  an 
upright  man,  honest  in  all  his  dealings  ; 
had  an  amiable  disposition,  lived  beloved, 
and  died  lamented  by  all  who  knew  him. 

We  passed  a  bridge  that  unites  Saco 
and  Biddeford  ;  could  but  stop  a  moment 
to  view  the  stupendous  waterfall.     We 


SACO,    BIDDEFORD.  57 

soon  found  ourselves  in  the  thriving, 
pleasant  manufacturing  town  of  Bidde- 
ford ;  when  on  inquiry  we  were  directed 
to  the  spacious  and  beautiful  house  kept 
by  T.  K.  Lane,  Esq.  We  were  intro- 
duced to  the  dining  hall,  where  we  met 
first  class  gentlemen  and  ladies ;  polite, 
kind,  and  attentive  tenders. 

As  my  excursion  was  of  a  business 
nature,  I  called  on  Augustine  Hanes, 
Esq.,  the  first  among  equals.  I  found 
him  the  same  aff'able  gentleman  he  was 
in  1847,  when  we  met  him  in  company 
with  the  president  of  the  United  States,* 
and  suite. 

Mr.  Hanes  at  the  head,  would  be  an 
honor  to  any  corporation  in  the  U.  S. 
He  kindly  and  politely  gave  me  the 
names  of  some  of  the  first  personages  in 
Biddeford. 

I  looked  into  the  ancient  town  of  Ber- 
wick late  in  November,  '53.    I  found  S. 


58  SACO,    BIDDEFORD. 

Hale,  Esq.,  at  his  place  of  business,  one 
of  our  former  friends  and  patrons,  in  a 
beautiful  large  counting-room,  spacious 
and  neat.  My  attention  was  drawn  to 
an  adjoining  room,  where  there  were  cul- 
tivated some  of  the  most  fragrant,  large 
and  beautiful  trees,  and  flowers.  In 
imagination  we  glanced  at  "Melrose," 
that  Scott  so  beautifully  describes.  Mr. 
Hale  is  a  courteous  and  hospitable  gen- 
tleman ;  a  true  characteristic  of  the  Hale 
family.  He  directed  me  to  some  of  the 
principal  people  in  the  place. 

After  passing  the  new  and  splendid 
academy,  which  would  do  any  town 
honor,  I  came  to  the  residence  of  Madam 
Hayes,  widow  of  the  late  Judge  Hayes, 
where  I  was  received  by  Mrs.  H.,  and  a 
pleasant  daughter,  with  the  ceremonials 
of  politeness  and  good  manners.  In  the 
keeping-room  hung  a  splendid  portrait  of 
the  late  Judge,  which  I  looked  on  with 


SACO,   BIDDEFORD.  59 

sympathy.  It  took  me  back  to  past  days 
when  we  were  accustomed  to  see  and 
entertain  him  with  many  other  gentlemen 
of  like  distinction,  who  are  all  gone 
where  "  no  traveler  can  return." 

I  was  then  introduced  into  an  elegant 
parlor,  where  there  were  a  great  variety 
of  superb  paintings ;  one  among  many,  I 
think,  wUl  not  escape  my  memory ;  it 
was  a  beautiful  young  daughter  of  the 
family,  who  had  deceased;  an  exquisite 
painting. 

I  inquired  for  our  former  friend,  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Allen.  Mr.  Allen  is  a  good 
man,  a  sound  preacher,  a  conciliatory  and 
wise  pastor. 

My  thanks  are  due  to  Mrs.  Burleigh, 
and  her  kind  family,  widow  of  the  late 
Hon.  member  of  Congress,  from  Maine. 

I  looked  in  upon  a  few  other  kind 
friends ;  it  being  quite  a  rainy  day,  I 
took  my  leave,  with  the  intention  of 
calling  a  second  time. 


60  ROCKPORT. 


CHAPTER    VIII. 

ROCKPORT. 

RocKPORT  is  situated  on  the  eastern  part 
of  Cape  Ann.  It  contains  three  islands, 
Straitsmouth,  Thatcher's  and  Milk. 
Straitsmouth  has  one  light,  Thatcher  s 
two,  and  Milk  none.  The  town  has  two 
or  three  thousand  inhabitants. 

From  an  obituary  notice,  it  appears 
that  Mr.  John  Pool,  from  Taunton,  Eng- 
land, was  among  the  first  settlers  here, 
in  1699.  A  number  of  his  worthy  de- 
scendants are  now  living.  Rockport  was 
then  a  part  of  Gloucester.  This  town  is 
said  by  strangers  to  be  one  of  the  most 
delightful  spots  in  New  England.  The 
enterprising  gentlemen  of  the  village 
have  erected  a  beautiful  duck  factory,  of 
stone.     The  neatness  and  superior  mate- 


ROCKPORT.  61 

rial  of  the  article,  surpass  almost  any 
other ;  and  the  writer  once  heard  an  able 
solicitor  of  Medford,  Mass.,  remark,  "  It 
requires  three  things  to  make  any  place 
respectable  and  popular  abroad :  a  good 
mmister,  a  good  physician,  and  a  good 
public  house."  Rockport  has  more  than 
these  in  the  cases  first  mentioned.  It 
has  four  good  meeting-houses  with  excel- 
lent ministers  in  them  ;  among  whom  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Gale,  is  a  very  thorough  and 
excellent  preacher,  and  one  who  would 
be  an  ornament  to  any  town  or  city.  It 
has  four  scientific  and  skillful  physicians, 
namely:  Gott,  Abbot,  Manning,  and 
Haskell.  But  as  to  the  last  named  arti- 
cle, no  way-worn  traveler  can  "  thank 
God,  and  take  courage  "  at  its  sight ;  for 
it  is  not  to  be  seen.  There  is  not  a  rest- 
ing place  for  such  an  one  in  the  town. 
The  writer  was  there  in  August,  '53,  and 
met  a  genlteman  walking  the  street,  with 


62  ^  ROCKPORT. 

his  valise  in  hand,  saying  he  was  waiting 
for  the  stage,  for  he  could  find  no  resting 
place  in  town,  for  the  stranger. 

A  little  over  two  miles  from  Rockport, 
is  a  delightful  place,  called  Pigeon  Cove, 
where  the  great  sublime  sea  is  extend- 
ed far  out  of  sight,  and  the  mind  seems 
lost  as  in  a  labyrinth.  Following  it,  you 
will  soon  arrive  at  Mr.  "William  Nor- 
wood's hospitable  house,  where  thou- 
sands have  been  made  comfortable  and 
happy,  through  the  kindness  of  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  N's  hospitality.  Pass  on  a  few  rods, 
and  you  will  find  Mrs.  Babson's,  with 
their  elegant  boarding-houses,  not  sur- 
passed by  any  in  the  city. 

The  inhabitants  of  Eockport,  will,  no 
doubt,  soon  see  the  necessity  of  good 
accommodations  for  strangers,  and  then 
we  may  expect  to  see  good  public  houses, 
a  town  hall,  &c. 

The    construction  of    a   railroad  from 


ROCKPORT.  63 

Gloucester  to  this  place,  is  in  contem- 
plation, and  it  is  hoped  that  in  a  short 
time,  the  public  will  have  the  advantage 
and  pleasure  of  riding  in  beautiful  cars, 
much  to  the  promotion  of  their  health 
and  comfort,  from  one  of  these  places  to 
the  other. 


64  GILMANTON. 


CHAPTER    IX 


GILMANTON. 


After  closing  a  school  in  Milton,  I 
counted  the  cost,  to  see  if  I  had  means 
enough  to  enter  Gilmanton  academy ;  as 
I  felt  the  importance  of  pursuing  studies, 
and  better  preparing  myself  as  a  teacher. 
I  made  my  intention  known  to  a  beloved 
family,  which  were  relatives  and  friends. 
It  was  soon  decided  their  only  daughter 
should  accompany  me.  She  was  a  young 
lady  of  superior  talents.  Many  years 
afterwards,  I  heard  an  able  minister  say 
she  could  write  a  sermon  as  well  as  he 
could.  In  the  winter  of  1805,  accom- 
panied by  the  lady  and  her  worthy 
brother,  in  an  open  sleigh,  in  a  severe 
cold  day,  we  set  our  faces  toward  the 
desired   seminary.     Long    icy    hills    we 


GILMANTON.  65 

soon  had  to  encounter,  almost  unsur- 
mountable,  with,  our  weight  of  baggage. 
We  traveled  slowly  on,  and  arrived  mid- 
way of  the  well  known  and  highly  re- 
spectable town  of  Barrington,  at  early 
candle-light,  where  we  found  some  kind 
friends,  that  cheerfully  received  us,  and 
made  us  comfortable  and  happy.  Some 
years  afterward,  that  good  lady  with  her 
kind  family,  removed  out  to  the  far  west. 
Not  many  fleeting  years  had  passed  away, 
before  we  heard  of  the  death  of  her  hus- 
band by  a  sad  accident.  And  later  we 
are  informed  her  sons  have  been  very 
successful;  became  wealthy,  and  with 
much  pleasure  rock  the  cradle  of  the 
declining  years  of  their  beloved  mother,  _ 
The  second  day  at  two  o'clock  we 
arrived  at  Mr.  French's  hotel,  in  GUman- 
ton,  where  the  noble  edifice  appeared  in 
sight.  We  partook  of  an  excellent  din- 
ner, after  which  our  kind  host  directed 


66  GILMANTON. 

US  to  an  excellent  boarding-house,  kept 
by  Mrs.  Peasly,  a  pleasant  lady,  and 
agreeable  companion.  Mr.  Sheldon,  A. 
M.,  preceptor,  was  a  gentleman  of 
handsome  talents,  much  beloved  and  re- 
spected by  his  pupils  ;  he  afterwards 
located  in  the  state  of  Maine,  and  filled 
some  honorable  station. 

While  the  noble  institution,  over  which 
he  then  in  my  early  school  days  presided, 
has  never  yet  ceased  with  untiring  efforts 
for  the  cause  of  education.  Thousands 
now  scattered  over  the  great  round  earth, 
no  doubt  have  their  thoughts  and  recol- 
lections centred  back  on  Gilmanton  acad- 
emy, and  the  pleasant  terms  there  spent. 
For  more  than  half  a  century,  has  this 
academy  exerted  its  potent  influence  for 
good ;  and  while  its  daughters  have  led 
and  nobly  distinguished  the  highest 
duties  of  life,  its  sons  have  stood  in  the 
front  ranks  with  the  men  of  their  time. 
Useful  artizans  at  the  shop,   and  learned 


GILM  ANTON.  67 

judges  upon  the  bench ;  noble  agricultur- 
ists upon  a  thousand  hills,  and  the 
enterprising  business  men  of  hundreds  of 
towns  and  villages  ;  honored  teachers  at 
their  desk,  and  eloquent  divines  in  their 
pulpits ;  members  of  state  legislatures, 
and  of  Congress,  and  occupants  of  chairs 
gubernatorial ;  for  there  all  of  those 
could  be  found,  a  multitude  ^yho  would 
be  ready  to  make  the  welkin  ring  with  a 
shout  in  honor  of  old  Gilmanton  acad- 
emy, where  they  spent  some  of  the  hap- 
piest days  of  their  life.  Thus  thousands 
of  all  ages  and  conditions  have  in  com- 
mon a  fond  recollection. 

But  old  Gilmanton  academy,  we  must 
leave  thee,  yet  shall  thy  loved  days  and 
school-mates,  and  the  rmging  of  thy  glad- 
some bell,  be  remembered ;  and,  be  assur- 
ed, thy,  sons  and  daughters  shall  not  be 
forgotten.  Long  mayest  thou  remain 
the  noble  companion  of  Phillips'  Exeter 
academy,  and  other  similar  institutions. 


68  ALTON. 


CHAPTER    X. 

ALTON,    N.    n. 

Alton  is  twenty-two  miles  from  Concord, 
and  thirty-five  from  Dover;  is  bounded 
north  by  Winnepiseogee  lake  and  bay, 
north-east  by  Wolfeborough,  east  by  New 
Durham  Gore.  It  was  settled  in  1770. 
It  was  mcorporated  January  15th,  1796, 
and  was  named  by  one  of  its  proprietors, 
Alton,  after  a  market  town,  in  South- 
halnptonshire,  England.  In  November, 
1853,  the  writer  had  the  pleasure  of 
visiting  Alton.  On  anival  at  the  rail- 
road station,  at  Alton  comer,  cast  your 
eye  at  the  right,  and  you  will  see  the 
mansion  house  of  Joseph  Mooney,  Esq., 
overlooking  the  entire  village  Esq. 
Mooney  is  a  native  of  A.,  advanced  in 
years,  and  highly  respected.     He  receives 


ALTON.  69 

his  friends  with  much  complacency,  and 
tenders  his  house  as  their  home.  He 
has  several  brothers  who  are  worthy  men, 
who  are  the  descendants  of  the  late  Ma- 
jor Joseph  Mooney. 

On  stepping  out  of  the  cars,  you  enter 
the  pleasant  village  of  Alton  Comer  ; 
there  you  will  see  the  Cochecho  house, 
handsomely  located,  with  a  pleasant 
entrance,  kept  by  G.  D.  Savage,  Esq. 
Mr.  Savage  is  a  gentlemanly  landlord, — 
has  good  accommodations  for  his  guests. 

We  noticed  near  the  public  house,  a 
beautiful  residence,  owned  by  J.  W. 
French,  Esq.,  who  is  one  of  the  wealthy 
men  in  the  place,  and  with  others  of  his 
associates,  has  done  much  for  the  im- 
provement of  the  pleasant  village.  Many 
thanks  are  due  to  the  gentlemen  and 
ladies  of  Alton  Corner.  With  the  kind- 
est feelings  I  hasten  away,  and  pass  on 
a  romantic  walk  of  one  mile,  where  a 


70  ALTON. 

splendid  sheet  of  water,  called  Alton  bay, 
opens  to  view;  and  is  the  celebrated 
place  where  the  Lady  of  the  Lake  is 
constantly  arriving  and  departing. 

The  next  attraction  at  Alton  bay,  is 
the  commodious  and  beautiful  public 
house,  kept  by  J.  S.  Thompson,  Esq. 
The  hospitality  and  kindness  of  Mr. 
Thompson,  will  insure  him  the  patron- 
age of  all  visitors,  and  the  public  gener- 
aUy. 

Alton,  N.  H.  has  five  meetuig-houses, 
with  their  several  respective  ministers ; 
three  physicians,  one  lawyer,  three  hotels, 
two  railroad  stations,  seven  saw-mills, 
two  grist-mills,  one  sash  factory,  five 
shingle  and  clapboard  mills,  five  shoe 
manufactories,  five  post-ofiices,  viz:  Al- 
ton, J.  P.  Boody,  P.  M. ;  Alton  Bay, 
William  L.  Emerson,  P.  M. ;  West  Al- 
ton, W.  C.  G.  Emerson,  P.  M. ;  South 
Alton,  J.  J.  Taug,  P.  M. ;   East  Alton, 


ALTON.  71 

A.  T.    Gilman,   P.  M.     About  250,000 
pairs  of  shoes  are  manufactured  annually. 
Amount  of  goods  sold  annually  by  the 
several  traders,  is  estimated  as  follows : 


French  8c  Savage, 

^20,000. 

J.  Jones  &  Co., 

12,000. 

D.  Barker, 

5,000. 

C.  P.  Emerson, 

4,000. 

W.  C.  G.  Emerson, 

6,000. 

A.  T.  Gilman, 

3,000. 

$50,000. 


72  FAKMINGTON. 


CHAPTER   XI. 

FARMINGTON. 

Farmington,  N.  H.,  was  formerly  a  part 
of  Rochester  ;    was  incorporated  as  a  dis- 
tinct  town,   December   1st,    1798.     The 
Hon.  Aaron  Wingate  settled  in  Farming- 
ton   when   it   was   almost   a  wilderness. 
He   was    a   gentleman   of  distinguished 
ability,   a   sober,  grave,  judicious  man ; 
for  many  years  a  member  of  the  legisla- 
ture;   a  counselor  from  1797  to  1803; 
and  for  a  succession  of  years,  chief  justice 
of  the  common  pleas  in  Stafford  county ; 
died  in  1822,  aged  seventy-eight.     Judge 
Wingate  left  a  worthy  family.     Madam 
Wingate  survived  her  husband  a  number 
of  years.     J.  Wingate,  Esq.,  only  survi- 
ving son,  is  a  gentleman  of  eminence. 
Caleb  Varney,  a  member  of  the  society 


FARMINGTON.  73 

of  friends,  was  one  of  those  firm  young 
men  who  made  his  way  in  that  lofty 
forest  in  Farmington ;  cleared  up  the 
land,  and  commenced  his  agricultural 
pursuits ;  accumulated  wealth,  which  is 
now  inherited  by  his  son  William,  the 
only  surviving  heir ;  who  strictly  adheres 
to  the  principles  early  taught  him.  The 
family  is  proverbial  for  their  alms-giving 
at  the  present  day. 

We  visited  Farmington  in  1853 ;  the 
place  was  materially  changed.  We  called 
at  the  residence  of  J.  Wingate,  Esq., 
whose  hospitality  and  kindness  will  long 
be  remembered ;  where  we  met  the  aged 
Mrs.  Titcomb,  a  former  friend.  Madam 
T.  was  the  mother  of  Mr.  Wingate's 
wife,  who  had  deceased,  and  a  lady  of 
eminent  piety.  We  had  the  pleasure  of 
meeting  the  family  of  George  Titcomb, 
Esq.,  who  were  inmates  of  the  same  resi- 
dence.    Mr.  Titcomb  is  a  courteous  gen- 

7 


74  '  FARMINGTON. 

tleman,   and    Mrs.   T.   an   accomplislied  * 
lady ;   none  could  visit  them  but  to  ad- 
mire and  love  them.     We  called  on  the 
principal  gentlemen  and  ladies,  were  re- 
ceived kindly  and  politely. 

The  residence  of  J.  Barker  has  a  com- 
manding appearance ;  our  thanks  are 
due  to  Mr.  and  Mrs.  B.,  and  to  G.  N. 
Eastman,  Esq.  We  happily  met  our 
friend,  Mrs.  C.  Hanson ;  Mrs.  Hanson  is 
a  strong  minded  lady;  in  1842  was  an 
efficient  secretary  of  the  Martha  Wash- 
ington Society,  Dover,  N.  H.  We  return 
our  warmest  thanks  to  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Hanson  and  other  kind  members  of  their 
family,  for  the  hospitality  and  kindness 
received  while  stopping  at  their  pleasant 
boarding-house. 

Farmington  has  a  good  meeting-house, 
with  a  fine  sounding  bell ;  a  commodious 
school-house,  that  would  be  an  honor  to 
any  village ;    a  number  of  English  goods 


FARMINGTON.  75 

and  grocery  stores  ;  has  two  able  physi- 
cians. Dr.  D.  T.  Parker,  is  a  talented  man, 
has  had  a  long  and  successful  practice ; 
Dr.  "Whitehouse  is  a  gentlemanly  man, 
and  is  fast  gaining  popularity  and  prac- 
tice. 

Two  able  counselors  at  law,  Hon.  N. 
Eastman,  and  son. 

And  is  proverbial  for  its  large  and  ex- 
tensive shoe  business,  for  which  I  had  an 
abundant  evidence  from  the  noble  and 
generous  operators  in  the  business. 


76  MILTON. 


CHAPTER     XII. 

MILTON. 

Milton  is  bounded  north-west  by  Mid- 
dleton  and  Wakefield,  east  by  Salmon 
Falls  river,  separating  it  from  Maine  ; 
south-west  by  Farmington.  The  Salmon 
Falls  river  washes  its  whole  east  boun- 
dary, a  distance  of  thirteen  miles;  and  a 
branch  of  the  same  river  crosses  from  the 
south  part  of  Wakefield,  and  unites  near 
the  centre  of  the  east  boundary.  Tene- 
riffe,  a  bold  and  rocky  mountain,  extends 
along  the  eastern  part  of  Milton,  near 
which  lies  the  three  ponds,  connecting 
with  the  Salmon  Falls  river.  This  town 
was  formerly  a  part  of  Rochester,  where 
Messrs.  Joseph  Plumer,  Bard  Plumer, 
William  Palmer,  Benjamin  Scates,  and 
their  associates,   went    boldly  into    the 


MILTON.  77 

forest  and  commenced  cutting  down  the 
sturdy  oaks,  in  a  pleasant  place  now 
called  Miltonridge,  which  was  detached 
from  Rochester,  and  incorporated,  June 
11th,  1802.  Those  worthy  gentlemen, 
with  industry  and  application,  soon  made 
noble  farms,  early  became  wealthy  and 
independent.  J.  Plumer  erected  a  public 
house,  which  was  known  for  three  score 
years  and  upwards,  as  Plumer's  tavern ; 
one  of  the  best  inns  ever  built  and  kept 
in  New  England,  in  those  early  days. 
The  Hon.  B.  Plumer  was  a  statesman, 
he  was  chosen  senator  in  district  No.  5, 
Strafford  county,  in  New  Hampshire 
legislature,  for  several  years. 

William  Palmer,  Esq.,  was  a  useful 
man,  his  mind  was  well  stored  with 
useful  knowledge,  and  was  competent  to 
decide  any  arbitrations  that  might  occur ; 
he  was  highly  respected.  Dea.  B.  Scates 
lived  beloved  by  all,  a  worthy  exemplary 


78  MILTON. 

Christian.  Those  early  settlers  have  left 
highly  respectable  descendants. 

A  number  of  years  since,  the  writer 
providentially  called  at  the  mansion  house 
of  the  late  senator  Plumer,  which  was 
owned  and  occupied  by  one  of  his  sons, 
who  was  laboring  in  the  last  stages  of 
consumption ;  had  his  family  of  children 
gathered  around,  with  the  good  minister 
of  the  parish.  Rev.  Mr.  Walker,  for  their 
baptism.  I  heard  him  a  short  time  after- 
ward remark,  "  If  my  father  and  my  un- 
cle Joseph,  and  Esq.  Palmer,  had  been 
religious  men,  what  a  good  influence 
they  would  have  exerted  over  this  town." 

The  writer  can  look  back  with  grati- 
tude to  the  early  patronage  she  received 
in  Rochester,  now  Miltonridge.  At  the 
age  of  sixteen  years  I  taught  a  school  in 
the  P.  District;  boarded  in  the  families 
of  the  three  first  settlers,  where  kindness 
and  friendship  were  the  leading  traits  of 


MILTON.  79 

character.  My  following  terms  of  teach- 
ing were  at  the  three  ponds,  in  the  dis- 
trict of  Timothy  Roberts,  Esq.,  Ensign 
"William  Jones,  and  John  Fish,  Esq.,  and 
other  officiating  gentlemen  of  the  place. 
It  well  might  be  pronounced  a  good 
school ;  the  attention  of  the  scholars 
was  given  to  their  studies,  and  each  one 
was  emulous  to  excel.  At  the  close  of 
the  term,  relatives,  friends  and  neigh- 
bors, were  invited  to  hear  the  recitations, 
and  see  and  hear  the  dialogues  spoken, 
which  was  rather  a  new  thing  half  a 
century  ago,  so  far  up  in  the  woods.  The 
writer  has  fallen  in  with  individuals  in 
later  years,  that  referred  to  that  school. 
There  are  many  descendants  of  those 
Milton  gentlemen  who  fill  eminent  places 
in  public  life,  who  were  of  much  enter- 
prise; left  their  homes  at  an  early  day,  to 
seek  friends  and  wealth  in  other  places. 
The  writer  had  an  opportunity  of  visit- 


80  MILTON. 

ing  Milton  in  January,  1854,  where  an 
entire  change  had  taken  place.  Many  of 
those  who  made  their  homes  so  pleasant, 
were  no  more ;  they  return  not.  But 
we  were  soon  drawn  from  tears  of  sym- 
pathy, to  be  introduced  to  other  scenes. 
Cheerful,  lively,  animated  faces,  had 
taken  the  places  of  those  that  were  not  ; 
all  appeared  desirous  of  doing  good.  To 
effect  their  object,  they  assembled  at  the 
residence  of  their  pastor,  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Dolt,  taking  with  them  a  quantity  of 
useful  articles,  such  as  any  family  would 
find  necessary,  as  well  as  a  surplus  of 
that  which  we  say  answers  all  purposes ; 
and  also  a  luxuriant  feast  of  good  things, 
served  up  in  fine  style.  Rev.  Mr.  Dolt  is 
a  man  of  examplary  piety,  and  unsullied 
integrity,  is  much  beloved  by  his  people. 

But  to   return  to   Milton,  named  in 
honor  of  our  English  Homer. 

The  town  has  increased  in  population 


MILTON.  81 

and  business ;  and  its  water  power  and 
railroad  aid  the  enterprise  of  the  in- 
habitants. It  has  three  houses  for  public 
worship,  two  ministers,  Rev.  James  Dolt, 
Congregational,  Rev.  L.  H.  Gordon, 
Methodist.  There  are  four  practicing 
physicians:  Dr.  S.  Drew,  early  settled 
at  the  three  ponds,  and  for  thirty  years 
and  upwards,  had  the  entire  practice  of 
the  town.  His  long  and  successful  prac- 
tice has  endeared  him  to  the  people.  Dr. 
D.  E.  Palmer,  is  a  gentleman  of  much 
promise,  and  is  fast  gaining  friends  and 
practice.  Dr.  Buck  is  eminent  in  his 
profession,  and  a  physician  of  high  re- 
spectability. Dr.  Swindleton  is  useful  in 
his  profession,  and  popular.  The  shoe 
business  of  late  has  become  very  import- 
ant. It  has  one  bakery;  Charles  Swea- 
sey,  Esq.,  proprietor.  Mr.  Sweasey  has 
long  been  known  as  a  gentleman  of 
exemplary  piety.     The  manufactory   of 


82  MILTON. 

woolen  fabrics  is  carried  on  at  the  west- 
erly village,  under  the  supervision  of  Mr. 
Townsend,  proprietor.  It  has  a  good 
town  house,  with  stores,  mills,  and  public 
houses,  in  due  proportion. 

We  noticed  at  South  Milton,  a  beauti- 
ful and  substantial  family  tomb,  built  by 
the  antiquarian,  Theodore  C.  Lyman, 
Esq.  A  Boston  gentleman  remarked, 
"  It  would  do  Mount  Auburn  credit." 

But  dropping  a  tear  over  the  graves  of 
those  we  early  loved,  we  hasten  from 
Milton  away. 


GREAT   FALLS.  83 


CHAPTER    XIII. 

GREAT    FALLS. 

Great  Falls  village,  Somersworth,  N. 
H.  Thirty-two  years  since,  (a.  d.  1822,) 
a  solitary  farm  house  stood,  as  it  had 
long  stood,  on  the  westerly,  or  New 
Hampshire  bank  of  the  Salmon  Falls 
river.  The  sturdy  husbandman  owner, 
was  the  Robinson  Crusoe-like  monarch 
of  all  he  surveyed  on  his  side  of  the 
river ;  while  upon  the  easterly  or  Maine 
bank,  there  lived,  and  thank  God  still 
lives,  an  old  Revolutionary  pensioner, 
whose  head  has  now  been  bleached  by 
the  frosts  of  four-score  and  fifteen  win- 
ters, and  who  has  voted  at  every  presi- 
dential election  from  "Washington's  to 
Taylor's,  inclusive.  Between  these  farm 
houses  lay  a  road  with  a  rude   bridge 


84  GREAT    FALLS. 

crossing  the  river,  if  both,  road  and 
bridge  were  not  too  rude  to  merit  so 
honorable  a  name.  Here  had  these  two 
respectable  farmers  cultivated  their  many 
acres  for  many  years.  Near  to  the  one 
upon  the  Maine  bank,  had  lived  "  old 
Master  Sullivan,"  the  Irish  pedagogue, 
and  father  of  the  noble  family  of  that 
name,  about  which  Revolutionary  and 
gubernatorial  honors  clustered.  Yes, 
here  in  the  wilderness,  for  then  it  was 
little  better,  "  ere  the  time  that  tried 
men's  souls,"  had  this  poor  immigrant 
school  teacher  and  farmer,  reared  those 
noble  young  men,  John  and  James  Sulli- 
van, both  of  whom  were  to  "  shine  at  the 
bar,  and  adorn  the  bench ;"  both  of 
whom  were  to  be  members  of  Congress  ; 
both  governors  of  patriotic  Massachusetts 
and  New  Hampshire ;  and  John  the 
Revolutionary  general  and  fast  friend  of 
the  immortal  "Washington. 


GREAT   FALLS.  85 

And  we  ever  seem  to  be  carried  back 
to  the  stormy  but  glorious  days  of  '76, 
whenever  the  old  pensioner  tells  us,  as  he 
often  does,  anecdotes  of  his  old  school- 
master, the  father  of  general  Sullivan,  as 
he  delights  to  call  him.  In  the  immedi- 
ate vicinity  is  still  to  be  seen,  the  tomb- 
stone of  the  "  old  master  "  and  his  wife, 
the  aggregate  amount  of  whose  ages  is 
little  if  any  short  of  two  hundred  years ; 
while  close  at  hand  is  a  burial  ground 
now  being  rapidly  filled  up,  in  which  lie 
buried  a  number  of  Africa's  dark  sons 
and  daughters,  who  were  the  slaves  of 
my  Revolutionary  pensioner  father,  and 
whose  remains  now  moulder  close  by 
their  master's.  The  dust  of  both  min- 
gles beneath  a  common  sod ;  mother 
earth  unconsciously  embosoms  both, 
while  their  spirits  have  fled  to  their 
Father,  God,  in  whose  presence  it  mat- 
ters not  what  color  an  Indian  or  an 
8 


86  GREAT   FALLS. 

African  sun  may  have  burned  upon  the 
pilgrim. 

The  river  for  a  number  of  miles  above 
the  bridge,  is  a  dull  respectable  stream, 
moving  with  the  slow  dignity  of  a  firothy 
alderman ;  but  at  this  point  it  dashes 
heedlessly  down  over  precipitous  rocks, 
and  on  by  dark  frowning  cliffs  upon  the 
one  side,  and  gentle  rising  slopes  upon  the 
other ;  and  like  the  once  virtuous  man 
when  he  breaks  loose  from  moral  restraints, 
down  it  plunges  in  its  mad  career.  Yet 
onward  and  downward  it  goes  to  a 
still  lower  level.  Here  the  neighbors 
had  "  kidnapped "  the  reckless  stream, 
and  doomed  it  to  grind  their  com,  and 
saw  their  lumber.  Some  two  or  three 
miles  easterly,  a  worthy  divine  by  the 
name  of  Hilliard,  preached  to  a  congre- 
gational church;  while  a  few  miles  south- 
westerly was  the  old  Somersworth  meet- 
ing-house,  where    the   Rev.   Mr.    Pike, 


GREAT    FALLS.  87 

father  of  the  author  of  that  huge  mass  of 
unexplained  wisdom,  Pike's  Arithmetic, 
had  preached  to  his  congregation,  and 
entertained  the  celebrated  ^^Tiitefield, 
within  the  memory  of  the  above-men- 
tioned old  pensioner.  The  house  in 
which  Pike  had  preached,  had  long  since 
been  burned  to  the  ground  by  lightning ; 
and  its  bell,  one  of  the  first  church  bells 
in  Strafford  county,  melted.  How  solemn 
to  think  that  of  the  many,  many  thou- 
sands, who  hung  with  rapture  upon  the 
eloquence  of  Whitefield,  or  were  melted 
into  contrition  by  his  powerful  appeals 
in  favor  of  Christianity  and  a  "  new  life," 
how  very  few  now  living  remember  his 
visits  to  America.  Yes,  my  ancient 
friend,  small  indeed  among  the  living, 
is  the  number  of  thy  early  cotemporaries, 
who  were  the  associates  of  the  fathers  of 
revolutionary  heroes,  and  who  can  re- 
member Whitefield' s  visits  to  the  Ameri- 


88  GREAT   FALLS. 

can  colonies.  I  well  remember  seeing 
you  at  the  monumental  celebration  on 
Bunker  Hill,  and  as  you  sat  close  by 
New  England's  great  orator,  heard  him 
exclaim,  in  amount,  to  you  and  your 
associates  of '76:  "  Wonderful  men !  you 
have  come  down  to  us  from  another  gen- 
eration ;  you  are  the  link  that  binds  us 
to  the  past ;  the  veneration  and  prayers 
of  the  country  rest  upon  your  heads  ; 
nearly  in  the  language  of  the  farewell  of 
your  beloved  and  immortal  chief,  we 
would  pray  that  your  latter  days  may  be 
as  happy  as  your  former  ones  were  hon- 
orable and  glorious." 

But  to  the  place,  for  aught  we  know 
since  the  time  when  the  "  sons  of  heaven 
exultingly  shouted  o'er  the  rising  ball," 
and  "  the  morning  stars  sang  together  for 
joy,"  had  the  river  dashed  down  these 
precipitous  rocks,  with  but  little  benefit 
to  man.      True,  the  dingy  sons  of  the 


GREAT   FALLS.  89 

forest  had  here  caught  the  salmon,  as 
he  ascended  the  river,  hence  its  name. 
Equally  true  was  it  that  the  river  was 
now  made  to  turn  a  wheel  for  the  old- 
fashioned  saw-mill  and  grist-mill,  of  pio- 
neer civilization.  And  who  that  has  ever 
seen  these  rude  structures,  can  forget 
them.  Bom  of  the  ax  and  saw,  with 
their  huge  "  mud  sills,"  "  fender  posts," 
and  "  meal  beans,"  respectively  they  were 
powerful  aids  to  struggling  civilization. 
Their  erection  was  an  era  to  the  region 
about  them.  The  raising  day  was  long 
remembered ;  I  cannot  stop  to  sketch  it. 
Let  it  suffice  to  say,  that  the  saw-mill 
was  built  on  shares,  and  that  here  "  each 
man  had  his  day,"  while  at  the  grist-mill, 
"  first  come,  first  serve,"  was  scrupulously 
taught  to  the  poor  man,  who  carried  his 
grain  for  long  miles  upon  his  weary  back, 
as  well  as  to  the  more  aristocratic  lads 
and  buxom    lasses,   who   came   to  mill 


90  GEEAT   FALLS. 

upon  horseback.  Here  the  games  of 
Morris  and  chequers,  fox  and  geese,  peck 
and  bushel,  served  to  while  away  the 
time  during  which  the  sluggish  mill  was 
masticating  food  for  man.  And  all  these 
games  at  this  particular  mill  had  been 
well  presided  over  by  the  sovereign  of 
the  mealy  hat,  whether  that  emblem  was 
worn  by  the  descendants  of  Japhat  or  of 
Ham;  for  although  here  had  been  no 
"  war  of  the  roses,"  yet  different  dynasties 
had  reigned.  But,  see  !  a  mighty  power 
approaches,  commanding  aloud,  get  out 
of  the  way  old  mills. 

-  "  Sambo,  hang  lap  the  fiddle  and  the  bow, 
Take  down  the  shovel  and  hoe." 

Friend  Wendel  buys  mills,  privileges, 
and  adjoining  lands.  The  Granite  state, 
destined,  said  Franklin  to  be  a  manu- 
facturing state,  grants  a  charter  1823. 
That  mighty  and   almost  deified  power 


GREAT    FALLS.  91 

which  binds  distant  cities  and  sister 
states  together  by  iron  bands ;  stretches 
the  metalic  thread  of  electric  thought 
over  empires ;  makes  mountains  (if  not 
ghosts)  "  down  at  its  bidding  ;"  v/hitens 
old  ocean  with  the  canvass  of  commerce  ; 
ploughs  it  with  herculean  steamships ; 
studs  it  with  her  navies  "  black  and 
bold ;  showers  the  profusions  of  each 
clime  upon  every  other ;  sends  civiliza- 
tion and  Christianity  to  the  h(  athen  na- 
tions ;  grinds  toiling  millions  under  its 
heartless  despotism  ;  this  god  —  this 
devil — I  need  not  say  his  name  is  Money 
Power — approached  these  Great  Falls  in 
the  Salmon  Falls  river.  Old  things  are 
at  once  done  away ;  life,  labor  and  ener- 
gy make  busy  the  place.  The  old  saw- 
mill disappears,  and  a  noble  factory 
shows  its  broad  proportions  ;  multitudes 
of  the  young  and  strong,  the  vigorous 
and    enterprising   of   both   sexes,    come 


92  GKEAT    FALLS. 

rushing  in  from  all  directions  like  winds 
towards  the  conflagration,  for  here  labor 
is  to  be  performed,  and  money  procured. 
Roads  are  laid  out,  bridges  built,  streets 
opened,  while  dwelling-houses,  school- 
houses  and  churches,  large  boarding- 
houses  and  factories,  stores,  &c.,  spring 
up  with  the  rapidity  of  Jonah's  gourd. 
Cottons  and  superfine  broadcloth  are  sent 
in  vast  quantities  from  the  place;  till  in 
A.  D.  1832,  it  was  the  largest  manufac- 
tory of  broadcloth  in  the  United  States. 
Now  the  manufactory  of  broadcloth  is 
given  up,  and  the  company  with  a  capi- 
tal of  §1,500,000,  (one  and  a  half  mil- 
ions,)  devotes  its  energies  to  the  manu- 
facturing of  cottons.  Six  huge  mills, 
with  seventy-five  thousand  spindles,  and 
nineteen  hundred  looms,  are  tended  by 
two  thousand  enterprising  and  intelligent 
ladies  and  gentlemen,  (three-fourths  of 
whom  are  ladies,)  and  who  to  feed  these 


GREAT   FALLS.  93 

monsters,  and  keep  them  busy,  annually 
lay  the  south  under  contribution  for  ten 
thousand  bales  of  cotton ;  the  sperm 
whales  for  nine  thousand  gallons  of  their 
oil  ;  the  forests  of  Maine  and  New 
Hampshire  for  five  thousand  cords  of 
wood;  Pennsylvania  for  three  hundred 
tons  of  anthracite  coal ;  and  the  rest  of 
creation-  for  vast  quantities  of  such 
knick-nacks  as  leather  and  iron,  steel 
and  soap,  lumber,  «&c.  &c.  "While  the 
mills  repay  for  this  immense  consumption 
of  articles,  and  more  than  regal  attend- 
ance by  yearly  producing  seventeen  mil- 
lions yards  of  cloth,  which  in  a  contin- 
uous web  would  exceed  in  length  the 
American  continent;  would  reach  from 
the  mills  to  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  and 
leave  a  big  remnant  to  spare ;  or  would 
give  a  yard  to  every  man,  woman  and 
child,  of  our  population  in  A.  D.  1840. 
And  at  the  same  time  disburses  through 


94  GREAT   FALLS. 

the  hands  of  our  friend,  T.  B.  Moses, 
Esq.,  more  than  forty  thousand  dollars 
per  annum,  mostly  to  the  operatives. 
Recently  a  bleachery  has  been  erected, 
capable  of  bleaching  three  tons  of  goods 
per  day. 

Look  now  over  that  lonesome  territory, 
occupied  by  the  farm  in  1832,  and  you 
behold  a  beautiful  village  of  four  thou- 
sand inhabitants,  compact  but  crowded, 
the  good  houses  stretching  along  the 
well  looking  streets,  many  of  which  are 
lined  with  shade  and  ornamental  trees; 
while  the  well-filled  stores  upon  either 
hand,  remind  you  that  trade  and  thrift 
have  here  found  a  happy  home.  Four 
church  steeples  point  with  taper  spire  to 
heaven,  (if  one  be  not  steepleless,)  and 
five  congregations  with  a  weekly  aggre- 
gate of  some  two  thousand  worshipers, 
listen  to  the  teachings  of  the  sanctuary. 
That  the  churches  are  prosperous,  might 


GREAT   FALLS.  95 

be  inferred  from  the  facts  (if  it  needed  to 
be  proved  that  churches  are  always  pros- 
perous in  well  regulated  and  moral  com- 
munities) that  the  Free-will  Baptist 
within  a  few  years,  have  been  compelled 
to  build  a  larger  house  of  worship,  and 
are  highly  prosperous,  with  Elder  Steer, 
for  pastor.  The  Methodist  with  Rev. 
Mr.  Smith  for  minister,  have  sent  a  free 
church  to  the  Town  Hall,  under  Rev. 
Mr.  Holman,  and  yet  have  a  well-filled 
house.  The  Calvinistic  Baptist  with 
Rev.  Mr.  Hooper,  are  in  a  prosperous 
condition ;  and  the  Congregationalist, 
whom  the  Rev.  J.  T.  McCollom  has  just 
left,  after  a  settlement  of  nine  or  ten 
years,  have  been  very,  prosperous,  so 
much  so,  that  galleries  have  had  to  be 
built  in  the  house,  to  accommodate  at- 
tendants. The  loss  of  Mr.  McCollom  is 
deeply  lamented  by  the  church,  and  re- 
gretted by  the  village  at  large.      As  a 


96  GREAT   FALLS. 

citizen,  sound  divine,  and  speaker,  he  is 
equalled  by  few. 

High  on  "  Holmes'  Hill,"  overlooking 
the  village,  stands  a  free  academy,  called 
the  high  school ;  erected  at  an  expense 
of  fifteen  thousand  dollars  ;  it  is,  to  say 
the  least,  an  ornament  to  the  village,  and 
an  honor  to  its  generous  tax  paying 
builders,  and  a  blessing  to  the  rising  gen- 
eration. We  found  the  school  well  spo- 
ken of,  and  under  the  charge  of  our 
friend  Hills.  Indeed,  the  village  seems 
to  be  noted  for  its  good  schools,  and  for 
"which  the  teachers  are  paid  three  thou- 
sand dollars  per  annum.  They  have  had 
a  course  of  Lyceum  lectures  each  winter 
for  quite  a  number  of  years.  A  library 
of  twenty-five  hundred  or  three  thousand 
volumes,  is  accessible  to  all,  upon  terms 
the  most  easy.  Thus  by  means  of  lectures 
and  library,  churches  and  schools,  have 
the  people  nobly  provided  themselves  and 


GREAT    FALLS.  97 

the  rising  generation,  with  the  means 
of  moral  and  intellectual  improvement. 
Some  fifteen  years  since,  that  mighty 
adjunct  of  civilization — and  of  progress 
the  very  type — the  steam-engine,  blew 
his  shrill  whistle,  and  came  rattling  into 
the  village,  with  a  long  train  of  cars. 
Halting  here  a  few  years,  he  is  now  at 
Milton,  on  his  journey  to  the  "White 
Mountains,  expecting  soon  to  wake  up 
the  good  denizens  of  Wakefield,  and 
scare  the  deer  from  his  ancient  retreat 
around  Mount  Washington. 

Enter  the  village  at  night,  and  you 
behold  the  streets,  stores,  and  dwelling- 
houses,  beautifully  illuminated  with  gas. 
All  these  indications  of  thrift  and  indus- 
try, morality  and  enterprise,  considered 
in  connection  with  the  fact  that  the  man- 
ufacturing company  have  yet  a  large 
amount  of  unused  water  power,  go  clear- 
ly to  foreshow  that  this  place  has  not  yet 


98  GREAT    FALLS. 

arrived  to  its  manhood  growth.  Space 
notifies  us  that  we  must  put  a  period  to 
this  chapter.  Of  the  business  men  we 
must  let  the  present  and  future  prosperi- 
ty of  the  village  speak,  while  the  manu- 
facturing company  with  their  agent,  J.  A. 
Burleigh,  have  done  much  for  the  place, 
and   are   expected   to  do   much   more. 

Of  its  seven  able  lawyers,  five  eloquent 
divines,  and  eleven  skillful  physicians, 
among  all  of  whom  we  number  personal 
friends,  we  must  omit  to  speak  in  partic- 
ular. To  intricate  questions  of  law, 
deplorable  instances  of  sinful  rebellion 
against  eternal  goodness,  and  to  cases  of 
complicated  disease,  we  leave  them  re- 
spectively, feeling  assured  that  from 
thence  they  will  wring  their  merited  ap- 
plause. To  the  enterprising  men  and 
worthy  wives,  the  promising  sons  and 
fair  daughters  of  this  happy  place,  we 
would  most  aifectionately  say  adieu. 


GREAT    FALLS.  99 

We  are  entirely  indebted  to  John  D. 
Lyman,  Esq.,  for  the  historical  and  bio- 
graphical sketches  of  that  beautiful  village, 
Great  Falls,  Somersworth.  Mr.  Lyman 
is  a  gentleman  of  handsome  talents,  and 
may  safely  be  said  to  excel  in  the  profes- 
sion of  his  early  choice — a  teacher  of  the 
youth. 

Esq.  Burley  is  an  attorney  at  law,  of 
high  standing.  Is  an  honor  to  the  cor- 
poration over  which  he  has  the  agency, 
which  may  be  said  to  be  one  of  the  first 
in  New  England. 

T.  B.  Moses,  Esq.,  financier  of  the 
department,  is  a  courteous  gentleman,  to 
whom  we  are  much  indebted  for  statis- 
tics, and  other  favors. 


100  MEDFORD. 

CHAPTER    XIV. 

HEDFOBD,     MASS. 

By  the  solicitation  of  friends,  in  1819, 
we  opened  the  beautiful  house  called  the 
Medford  Hotel,  owned  by  Mr.  Blanchard. 
At  the  commencement,  our  prospects 
were  very  flattering ;  but  the  mysteries  of 
Providence  are  dark  and  unforeseen.  We 
were  soon  overtaken  with  a  great  sick- 
ness through  the  family.  For  the  first 
time  in  my  life,  I  learned  the  long  lesson, 
acquiescence.  "  Lord,  not  as  I  will,  but 
as  Thou  wilt."  In  constant  attendance 
we  had  that  grave  divine,  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Osgood ;  his  fervent  prayers,  the  memory 
of  which  is  embalmed  in  the  heart. 

In  kind  remembrance  of  those  beloved 
people  in  Medford,  though  many  of  them 
have   passed  away  to    return   no   more, 


MEDFORD.  101 

their  great  attention,  hospitality  and 
kindness,  during  that  protracted  sick- 
ness, will  ever  be  held  in  grateful  re- 
membrance by  the  writer. 

Gov.  Brooks,  that  worthy  good  man, 
was  one  of  our  constant  visitors,  and 
benefactors,  in  attendance  with  our  be- 
loved, able,  and  successful  Dr.  Swan. 

The  untiring  attention  of  Mr.  Blanch- 
ard's  kind  family,  will  ever  be  remem- 
bered and  appreciated. 


»• 


102  CHELSEA. 

CHAPTER    XV. 

CHELSEA. 

Chelsea  may  be  said  to  be  one  of  the 
most  pleasant  places  in  the  vicinity  of 
Boston.  The  steamboats  and  omnibuses 
are  constantly  plying  between  the  places. 
It  has  a  large  number  of  churches  or 
meeting-houses,  some  of  which  for  beauty 
and  elegance,  surpass  many  in  large 
cities. 

The  several  societies  are  united  in  each 
other ;  have  their  own  social  gatherings, 
where  harmony  and  kind  feelings  prevail. 
We  had  the  pleasure  a  short  time,  of 
worshiping  in  the  Broadway  church, 
under  the  administration  of  the  E.ev.  Mr. 
Copp.  Mr.  Copp  is  a  sound  preacher, 
and  an  able  divine.  He  is  highly  es- 
teemed, and  much  beloved  by  his  people. 


CHELSEA.  103 

Chelsea  is  fast  increasing  in  popula- 
tion and  wealth.  It  has  many  worthy 
and  enterprising  gentlemen,  who  early 
commenced  business  there,  and  have  been 
aiding  its  progress,  and  no  doubt  will 
ere  long  realize  what  they  have  been 
looking  forward  to,  a  populous  city. 


104  BOSTON. 


CHAPTER    XVI. 

BOSTON. 

This  metropolis  of  New  England,  is  a 
fine  city ;  and,  in  many  respects,  the  first 
and  best  in  this  western  world.  It  was 
called  by  the  aborigines  of  the  country, 
Shawmut,  and  selected  by  our  fathers  as 
a  site  for  a  town,  on  account  of  its  sweet 
springs. 

Its  beautiful  Common,  is  unsurpassed 
as  a  Park,  by  any  thing  of  the  kind  in 
America.  Other  cities  may^  have  more 
squares  and  parks,  or  breathing  places 
than  Boston  possesses,  but  we  venture 
the  assertion,  that  there  is  no  one  park 
in  any  of  them,  which  excels  this  com- 
mon. It  is  large,  diversified  with  hill 
and  dale  ;  well  supplied  with  ornamental 
and  shade  trees,  including   the   *'  great 


BOSTON.  105 

elm,"  said,  on  good  authority  to  be  more 
than  three  hundred  years  old,  and  more 
vigorous  now  than  it  was  one  hundred 
years  ago.  In  this  large  park,  we  have 
a  beautiful  pond,  and  a  fountain  jet  is  in 
brilliant  action  a  portion  of  every  day. 
We  have  heard  but  one  opinion  express- 
ed by  all  strangers  who  visit  Boston, 
respecting  the  beauty,  variety,  and  utility 
of  the  common.  May  it  ever  be  kept,  as 
at  present,  open  on  the  west,  to  the  pure 
air  of  the  country. 

At  the  head  of  the  common  stands  the 
State  House,  an  elegant  and  splendid 
building,  with  its  majestic  dome  lifted 
high  above  all  surrounding  objects,  and 
seen  by  the  surrounding  countrymen,  and 
the  sailor  entering  the  port,  for  many 
miles  distant. 

The  Athenaeum,  a  fine  building,  a  few 
rods  from  the  common,  on  Beacon  street, 
comprises  one  of  the  oldest,  most  respec- 


106  BOSTON. 

table,  and  well  selected  libraries  of  the 
country.  It  is  a  Boston  institution,  and 
of  great  benefit  to  her  citizens. 

The  Rooms  of  the  Historical  Society, 
are  on  Tremont  street,  a  short  distance 
north  from  the  common,  and  contain  a 
respectable  and  well  selected  class  of 
ancient  and  venerable  books.  This  soci- 
ety would  have  been  of  far  greater  bene- 
fit, had  not  the  number  of  its  members 
been  limited  by  its  charter  to  only  sixty. 

The  Boston  Library,  a  new  institution, 
to  which  Mr.  Bates,  of  London,  gave 
fifty  thousand  dollars,  is  located  in  Ma- 
son street,  but  a  few  steps  from  the  com- 
mon. This  institution  promises  to  be  of 
great  benefit  to  the  city.  The  collection 
of  books  is  very  valuable,  and  the  citi- 
zens are  allowed  to  take  them  home  to 
read. 

The  Young  Men's  Christian  Associa- 
tion,   and  the   Young  Men's  Christian 


BOSTON.  107 

Union,  are  among  the  essential  associa- 
tions of  Boston  for  doing  good.  The 
former  occupy  fine  rooms  in  the  Tre- 
mont  Temple,  and  the  latter  in  Bedford 
street. 

The  churches  in  Boston  are  noble  edi- 
fices, and  the  clergy  have  ever  been  re- 
nowned for  talent  and  piety.  Among 
the  old  meeting-houses,  which  survived 
the  war  of  the  revolution,  and  which  are 
still  standing,  and  apparently  none  the 
worse  for  wear,  may  be  enumerated  the 
Old  South,  Brattle  Street,  and  the  Stone 
Chapel.  Each  of  these  is  worth  seeing, 
and  should  be  visited  by  all  the  inhabit- 
ants of  the  city,  and  by  strangers.  It 
would  not  be  in  good  taste  to  make  a 
comparison  between  either  the  houses  of 
worship,  or  the  clergy  of  different  denom- 
inations. Let  it  suffice  to  say,  they  are 
all  highly  respectable,  and  not  surpassed 
as  a  whole  by  those  of  any  city  in  the 
Union. 


108  BOSTON. 

Boston  now  covers  twice  the  territory 
that  was  land  in  the  first  settlement  of 
the  town.  This  land  has  been  rescued 
from  the  water  by  the  hand  of  man. 
Since  the  railroads  have  been  built, 
whole  hills  of  gravel  have  been  trans- 
ported to  Boston  to  make  land,  upon 
which  spacious  dwellings  and  warehouses 
have  been  erected. 

South  Boston,  (also  a  part  of  the  city,) 
contains  six  hundred  acres,  and  is  laid 
out  in  streets  and  squares.  In  this  tract, 
are  the  "  Dorchester  Hights,"  celebrated 
in  the  history  of  the  revolution,  rearing 
their  majestic  heads  one  hundred  and 
thirty  feet  above  the  level  of  the  sea, 
from  which  may  be  had  a  magnificent 
view  of  Boston  harbor,  and  of  the  sur- 
rounding country.  The  situation  of  this 
part  of  the  city  is  picturesque  and  beau- 
tiful. 

East  Boston,  (also  a  part  of  the  city,) 


BOSTo^'.  109 

is  on  what  was  formerly  known  as  Nod- 
dle's Island.  The  island  contains  six 
hundred  and  sixty  acres  of  arable  land, 
and  a  large  body  of  flats.  This  island, 
in  1630  was  owned  by  Samuel  Maverick, 
and  at  the  si§me  time,  Boston  proper, 
which  then  contained  only  seven  himdred 
acres,  was  owned  by  John  Blackstone. 
East  Boston  is  now  a  flourishing  part  of 
the  city.  The  Cunard  steamers  stop 
here,  and  manufacturing  and  ship-build- 
ing are  extensively  carried  on  in  this  part 
of  the  city.  Boston  is  badly  laid  out, 
but  when  it  is  considered  that  the 
amount  of  land  was  but  small,  and  the 
inhabitants  depended  chiefly  upon  their 
farms  and  gardens  for  subsistence,  it  is 
wonderful  that  they  laid  out  the  streets 
as  well  as  they  did. 

We  have  spoken  of  "  the  common ;" 
but  little  space  was  originally  afforded 
for  public  squares  and  pleasure-grounds. 

10 


110  BOSTON." 

But  in  the  new  portions  of  the  city,  more 
space  has  been  left,  and  upon  the  neck 
there  are  reserved  a  number  of  open 
squares,  such  as  Franklin,  Blackstone, 
Chester,  &c.  These,  and  the  wide  and 
straight  streets,  render  th#  south  part  of 
the  city  very  pleasant  and  desirable  for  a 
residence. 

The  Old  State  House  is  still  standing, 
at  the  head  of  State,  street,  and  is,  at 
present,  occupied  for  stores  and  offices. 
Though  it  is  a  fine  specimen  of  the  archi- 
tecture' of  by-gone  days,  its  removal 
would  greatly  promote  the  beauty  and 
convenience  of  State  street. 

Faneuil  Hall,  the  old  "  Cradle  of  Lib- 
erty," is  one  of  the  first  buildings  which 
the  stranger  inquires  for.  This  was  the 
forum  of  Revolutionary  eloquence.  The 
land  upon  which  it  stands,  was  the  gift 
of  Peter  Faneuil ;  and  the  portrait  of  the 
giver  which  hangs  in  the  hall,  is  all  that 


BOSTON.  Ill 

remains  of  him,  for  he  lived  and  died  a 
bachelor.  The  hall  is  one  hundred  feet 
long  by  eighty  broad,  and  three  stories 
high.  Here  are  the  busts  of  those  men 
whose  eloquence  made  a  monarch  three 
thousand  miles  distant,  tremble  on  his 
throne,  among  whom  were  Hancock,  and 
Samuel  and  John  Adams. 

Faneuil  Hall  Market,  one  of  the  lar- 
gest and  most  costly  buildings  in  the  city, 
is  directly  east  of  the  old  hall.  It  is  five 
hundred  and  thirty-five  feet  in  length, 
and  fifty  in  breadth.  It  is  substantially 
built  of  Quincy  granite,  and  will  last  as 
long  as  the  pyramids.  The  edifice  cost 
$150,000  exclusive  of  the  land.  The 
upper  hall  is  called  Quincy  hall,  in 
honor  of  Josiah  Quincy,  dui-ing  whose 
mayoralty  it  was  built.  Faneuil  Hall 
Market  is  one  of  the  best  furnished  mar- 
kets in  the  world. 

There  are  several  other  markets  in  the 


112  BOSTON. 

city,  such  as  the  Boylston,  Williams, 
Blackstone,  «&c. 

The  City  Hall,  where  the  fathers  trans- 
act the  business  for  the  public  welfare, 
stands  on  an  open  plot  of  ground,  be- 
tween Court  square  and  School  street. 
The  length  of  the  building  is  one  hun- 
dred and  forty  feet.  It  is  built  of  granite, 
and  consists  of  an  octagon  centre,  with 
wings  on  the  east  and  west. 

The  Court  House,  in  Court  square,  be- 
tween the  city  hall  and  Court  street, 
accommodates  all  the  courts  of  the  city, 
county,  _state,  and  United  States,  for  this 
district.  It  is  a  noble  edifice,  of  hewn 
granite,  one  hundred  and  seventy-five  feet 
long,  fifty-four  feet  wide,  and  fifty-seven 
feet  high.  It  is  altogether  too  fine  a 
building  to  be  stuck  down  in  such  an 
unsightly  place. 

The  Merchants'  Exchange,  is  on  the 
south  side  of  State  street,  and  a  magnifi- 


BOSTON.  113 

cent  edifice.  It  is  built  of  Quincy  gran- 
ite ;  its  front  on  State  street,  is  seventy- 
six  feet ;  its  height,  seventy  feet ;  and  its 
depth,  two  hundred  and  fifty  feet.  It 
covers  thirteen  thousand  feet  of  land,  and 
cost  ^175,000,  exclusive  of  the  site.  The 
central  hall,  for  the  merchants'  exchange 
and  reading-room,  is  very  spacious  and 
splendid.  There  is  a  hotel  in  the  build- 
ing, and  the  front  and  basement  are  occu- 
pied for  other  offices  and  the  post  office. 

The  Custom  House  is  a  magnificent 
edifice.  It  was  twelve  years  in  being 
built,  and  cost  ^1,076,000.  It  is  situated 
between  Long  wharf,  and  Central  wharf. 
Its  form  is  that  of  a  Greek  cross,  sur- 
mounted with  a  dome.  This  dome,  with 
the  entire  roof,  is  of  granite  tile.  The 
length  of  the  building  is  one  hundred 
and  forty  feet ;  its  width  seventy-five  feet^ 
The  exterior  is  purely  Grecian  Doric,  but 
it  is  not  an  exact  copy  of  any  ancient 


114  BOSTON. 

model.  It  was  designed  and  executed  by 
the  plans  of  Mr.  A.  B.  Young,  a  Boston 
architect. 

The  new  City  Prison,  near  Cambridge 
bridge,  makes  an  imposing  appearance  ; 
its  centre  being  octagonal,  with  four 
wings  radiating  from  it.  It  is  built  of 
Quincy  granite,  and  is  surmounted  by  a 
beautiful  clock  ;  and  altogether  presents 
so  fine  an  aspect,  and  such  comfortable 
looking  quarters,  that  any  good  citizen 
would  be  almost  willing  to  go  to  prison 
for  the  sake  of  living  in  it. 

The  Tremont  Temple  is  one  of  the 
finest  edifices  in  the  city,  and  contains 
the  most  spacious  and  convenient  hall 
for  large  assemblies  that  Boston  afibrds. 

The    Boston    Museum,    on    Tremont. 
street,   with   its   brilliant   balls    of   fire, 
makes  an  imposing  appearance. 

The  Massachusetts  Horticultural  Hall 
in  School  street,  is  beautiful  and  neat, 


BOSTON.  115 

and  when  filled  with  fruit,  as  it  is  on 
exhibition  days,  presents  a  very  inviting 
aspect. 

The  hotels  in  Boston  are  unsurpassed 
by  any  thing  of  the  kind  in  the  country. 
At  the  head  of  them  stands  the  Eevere, 
situated  in  Bowdoin  square.  It  was 
named  after  one  of  the  most  distinguish- 
ed mechanics  of  the  city.  This,  and  the 
Tremont  House,  near  the  common,  are 
now  both  kept  by  the  same  gentleman. 
Col.  Stevens,  who  perfectly  understands 
his  business,  and  who  is  not  surpassed  in 
gentlemanly  and  courteous  demeanor,  by 
any  landlord.  The  Brattle,  Pearl  Street, 
Albion,  Winthrop,  Quincy,  Bromfield, 
Fountain,  and  Adams,  are  all  kept  well, 
and  the  traveler  or  stranger  may  find  a 
home  in  any  of  them. 

As  to  the  last  named,  we  may  say  a 
word,  as  we  have  a  personal  acquaint- 
ance with  both  Mr.  Chamberlain  and  Mr. 


116  BOSTON. 

Jenks,  the  very  gentlemanly,  kind,  and 
excellent  caterer  for  the  Adams. 

We  must  speak  more  particularly  of 
one  of  the  Boston  hotels,  than  of  any  of 
the  others,  because  of  our  personal  inter- 
est in  it.  In  December,  1833,  we  opened 
the  Marlboro'  hotel.  It  was  a  season 
that  the  legislature  was  about  assem- 
bling, and  we  were  filled  immediately ; 
had  from  twenty-six  to  thirty,  the  first 
gentlemen  in  the  house  and  senate.  Had 
constant  applications,  more  than  we 
could  meet.  I  would  here  mention  one 
incident.  The  first  dinner  we  placed  on 
the  table,  all  liquor  was  dispensed  with ; 
some  told  us  we  should  not  have  any 
company ;  others  thought  it  might  not 
be  expected,  as  it  had  been  the  custom. 
Their  arguments  did  not  avail  much. 
I  have  often  thought  it  was  an  experi- 
ment in  those  fashionable  days  of  drink- 
ing, to  make  so  bold  a  push.     We  could ' 


BOSTON.  117 

not  see  that  it  had  any  effect  on  the  com- 
pany. 

The  owner  of  the  Marlboro'  had  agreed 
with  us  after  the  expiration  of  one  year, 
that  it  was  leased  to  a  gentleman,  that  he 
would  make  additions  and  alterations, 
and  we  were  to  take  the  house  from  five 
to  ten  years,  and  gave  a  bond  to  that 
amount.  In  the  summer  of  1835,  Mr. 
TowTisend  died,  and  our  lease  expired  in 
the  autumn.  The  Misses  T.,  sisters  of 
the  late  Alexander  Townsend,  Esq.,  are 
ladies  of  high  respectability,  who  reside 
in  the  antiquated  house  of  their  parents, 
which  house  is  one  of  the  ancient  land- 
marks of  the  city.  Those  ladies,  through 
their  gentlemanly  agent,  Mr.  ISIinot,  were 
very  desirous  that  we  should  agree  to 
purchase  the  Marlboro',  when  the  proper- 
ty came  legally  into  their  hands ;  we  then 
hesitated  some  time.  Our  beautiful  house 
in  Dover,  required  our  attention  there, 
and  we  gave  up  the  idea  of  a  purchase. 


118  BOSTON. 

I  called  on  an  eminent  deacon  in  the 
city,  of  high  standing ;  asked  him  if  he 
did  not  think  there  were,  a  company  of 
gentlemen  in  the  city  that  would  like  to 
make  an  investment  in  a  religious  tempe- 
rance house,  that  all  temperance  and 
good  people  of  every  denomination  might 
find  a  home  in  the  city  of  Boston. 

I  stated  to  him  the  situation  of  the 
house,  that  it  was  under  lease  for  one 
year,  then  it  could  be  purchased  for  such 
a  price.  He  was  a  grave,  sober  man,  and 
thought  well  of  it.  Said  he  would  look 
round  and  see  if  he  could  find  some  gen- 
tlemen. He  soon  reported  that  he  had 
seen  some  persons  that  would  engage  in 
the  enterprise.  Before  they  reported, 
they  called  on  one  of  the  fifty  associates 
to  see  if  the  price  I  named  was  high  or 
low.  The  gentleman  he  consulted,  told 
hun  if  he  did  not  take  it,  he  would ;  by 
that  time  he  concluded  he  should  get  a 


BOSTON.  119 

bargain.  The  reader  will  please  keep  in 
mind  the  principle  the  house  was  to  be 
sold  on.  Kept  as  a  first  class  house,  as 
to  reputation ;  established  on  religious 
and  temperance  principles.  On  those 
conditions  the  estate  could  be  purchased 
on  a  reasonable  price.  The  gentlemen 
spent  a  number  of  evenings  in  the  house, 
making  plans  and  calculations  ;  they  had 
all  the  personal  assistance  they  could 
have,  whether  they  appreciated  it  or  not. 
They  were  introduced  to  the  agent. 

After  the  property  came  legally  into 
the  company's  possession,  they  made  as 
spacious  a  place  as  could  be  on  a  long 
standing  fabric.  When  completed,  Mr. 
Rogers  opened  the  Marlboro'  under  the 
contract,  not  knowing  where  it  originated 
from.  Mr.  Rogers  was  a  gentlemanly 
man,  and  succeeded  a  number  of  years 
with  great  applause,  and  left  the  city  prob- 
ably for  a  more  lucrative  place. 


120  BOSTON. 

Mr.  Parks,  the  present  proprietor,  sus- 
tains a  fine  reputation,  and  has  no  way 
declined  its  temperance  principles.  The 
writer  has  had  much  solicitude  for  the 
welfare  of  the  Marlboro'. 

Boston  has  ever  been  famed  for  the 
benevolence  of  her  citizens.  Her  "  mer- 
chant princes  "  have  been  not  rich  only, 
but  liberal  to  an  extreme.  To  prove  our 
position  both  of  the  wealth  and  com- 
merce of  Boston,  we  will  here  quote 
what  a  New  Yorker  says  of  us : 

"  There  is  one  ward  in  Boston  which 
is  worth  more  than  the  whole  city  of 
Baltimore.  Boston  stands  next  to  New 
York  in  wealth  and  commercial  import- 
ance, and  to  New  York  only.  New  York 
being  left  out  of  the  question,  there  is  no 
other  city  in  the  Union  which  can  pre- 
tend for  a  moment  to  a  commercial 
equality  with  Boston.  The  arrivals  and 
clearances  at  the  Custom  House  will  tell 


BOSTON.  121 

the  story.  These  show  that  Boston  is 
not  so  far  behind  New  York  as  one 
would  at  first  imagine.  Boston  is  the 
centre  of  nearly  all  the  manufacturing 
interests  of  the  New  England  States, 
which  are  rapidly  approaching  those  of 
Old  England  herself  in  value  and  import- 
ance. The  banking  capital  of  Boston  is 
$50,000,000,  that  of  Philadelphia  glO,- 
000,000.  Here  is  a  bit  of  difference.  In 
wealth  and  commercial  enterprise,  New 
iork  and  Boston  will  always  stand  at 
the  head  of  the  cities  of  this  country." 


n 


122  BIOGRAPHY. 


CHAPTER    XVII. 

BIOGRAPHY. 

It  has  been  remarked  by  Dr.  Johnson, 
that  "  i;o  species  of  writing  seems  more 
worthy  of  cultivation  than  biography," 
since  none  can  be  more  delightful  or 
more  useful;  none  can  more  certainly 
enchain  the  heart  by  irresistible  interest, 
or  more  widely  diffuse  instruction  to 
every  diversity  of  condition.  Our  great 
moralist  might  have  gone  further  than 
this  in  praise  of  his  own  favorite  theme, 
and  added,  that  to  treasure  memorials  of 
the  wise,  the  learned,  and  the  virtuous,  v 
is  to  fulfill  an  exalted  duty  to  mankind. 
It  is  gratifying  to  reflect  how  much  this 
branch  of  useful  knowledge  has  been 
cultivated,  since  the  commencement  of 
the  last  century. 


BIOGRAPHY.  123 

Matthew  Gushing,  of  Hingham,  the 
great  ancestor  of  the  numerous  respecta- 
ble families  of  the  Cushings  in  New  Eng- 
land, arrived  at  Boston,  August  10th, 
1638,  with  his  wife  Nazareth  Pitcher, 
and  the  following  children:  Daniel,  Jere- 
miah, Matthew,  Deborah,  and  John.  He 
died  30th  September,  1660,  aged  72. 
Lincoln's  History  of  Hingham. 

Thirty  of  his  descendants  of  the  name 
of  Gushing,  had  graduated  at  Harvard 
Gollege  in  1825,  of  whom  eight  were 
clergjTnen,  and  a  large  proportion  of 
them  public  characters.  Daniel  Gushing, 
eldest  son  of  Matthew  Gushing,  was  born 
in  England;  came  to  New  England,  1638. 
His  sons  were  Jeremiah  and  Theophilus. 
Jeremiah  was  minister  of  the  first  church 
in  Scituate ;  Theophilus,  in  Hingham, 
1635;  deceased  in  March,  1679,  at  the 
age  of  one  hundred.  From  Farmers 
Genealogical  Register  of  the  first  settlers. 


124  BIOGRAPHY. 

Pedigree  of  the  Cushing  Family. 

Peter  Cushing  came  from  England  to 
Hingham,  Mass.  He  married  Hannali 
Thaxter;  his  brother  married  Deborah 
Brunswick.  From  Peter  descended  the 
Pev.  Jonathan  Cushing.  He  was  the  son 
of  Peter,  and  Hannah  Thaxter,  of  Hing- 
ham, Mass.  He  married  his  cousin  Eliz- 
abeth, daughter  of  Thomas  Cushing, 
Esq.,  Boston,  Mass.  He  was  born  De- 
cember 20th,  1689,  died  March  25th, 
1769. 

Extracts  from  the  New  Year's  sermon 
of  the  Pev.  H.  Winslow : 

The  ministry  of  Mr.  Jonathan  Cushing 
extended  from  1717  to  1763,  a  period  of 
fifty-two  years.  During  the  last  years  of 
his  life,  Mr.  Jeremy  Belknap  was  associa- 
ted with  him,  junior  and  colleague  pastor, 
and  records  his  death  as  follows  : 

March  25th,  1769,  the  Pev.  Jonathan 


BIOGRAPHY.  ^     125 

Gushing,  pastor  of  the  first  church,  de- 
parted this  life  in.  the  seventy-ninth  year 
of  his  age,  and  fifty-second  of  his  minis- 
try ;  having  sustained  the  character  of  a 
grave  and  sound  preacher,  a  kind,  peace- 
able, prudent,  and  judicious  pastor,  a 
wise  and  faithful  friend.  His  funeral 
was  attended  on  the  30th  of  March,  on 
which  occasion  Dr.  Langdon,  of  Ports- 
mouth, preached  the  sermon,  from  He- 
brews 7 :  23. 

The  Rev.  Jonathan  Gushing  was  set- 
tled in  Dover,  N.  H.,  over  the  first  Gon- 
gregational  church,  Sept.  10th,  1717. 
His  wife  died  thirteen  years  afterward, 
Dec.  3d,  1730,  aged  thirty-nine  years. 
They  had  five  children :  Peter,  Jonathan, 
Deborah,  William,  and  Elizabeth. 

Peter  Gushing,  who  was  the  eldest  son 

of  the  Rev.  Jonathan  Gushing,  married 

Mary  Buntam;  she  died  July  29th,  1798, 

having  survived  him  eighteen  years,  aged 
11* 


126     *  BIOGRAPHY. 

eighty-four.  They  had  six  children : 
Thomas,  Elizabeth,  Hannah,  Daniel, 
Mary,  and  Peter.     All  deceased. 

The  ancient  tomb  of  the  Rev.  Jona- 
than Gushing,  was  built  by  his  own 
direction,  immediately  after  the  death  of 
his  wife,  'in  1730.  The  antique  monu- 
ment is  in  the  first  cemetery  of  Dover, 
N.  H.,  and  has  been  repaired  from  time 
to  time  by  his  descendants.  Dea.  Peter 
Gushing,  great-grand-son  of  the  Rev.  sire, 
has  a  paternal  care  over  it,  and  with  the 
assistance  of  other  descendants  of  the 
Gushing  family,  it  is  to  be  hoped  it  will 
long  be  kept  in  a  state  of  preservation. 

In  1808,  on  the  day  the  tomb  was 
opened,  we  took  from  the  remains  of 
Madam  Gushing's  head,  a  beautiful  lock 
of  hair,  in  a  perfect  state  of  preservatio  n 
which  had  been  entombed  seventy-eight 
years. 


BIOGRAPHY.  127 

D.    Appleton. 

Appleton,  (Jesse,  D.  D.,)  tlie  second 
president  of  Bowdoin  college,  was  born 
in  New  Ipswich,  in  the  state  of  New 
Hampshire,  November  17th,  1772.  Pres- 
ident Appleton  was  graduated  at  Dart- 
mouth college,  in  1794.  It  was  during 
his  residence  at  that  seminary,  that  he 
experienced  deep  religious  impressions; 
yet  of  any  precise  period,  when  his  heart 
was  regenerated  by  the  spirit  of  God,  he 
was  not  accustomed  to  speak.  The  only 
safe  evidence  of  piety,  he  believed,  was 
the  perception  of  those  qualities,  which 
the  gospel  requires.  Having  spent  two 
years  in  the  instruction  of  youth,  at  Do- 
ver, and  Amherst,  he  studied  theology 
under  Dr.  Lathrop,  of  West  Springfield. 
In  February,  1797,  he  ^was  ordained  as 
the  pastor  of  a  church  at  Hampton,  N. 
H.  His  religious  sentiments,  at  this 
period,    were   Arminian.      Much    of    his 


128  BIOGRAPHY. 

time,  during  his  ten  years'  residence  in 
that  town,  was  devoted  to  systematic,  ear- 
nest study,  in  consequence  of  which,  his 
sentiments  assumed  a  new  form.  By  his 
faithful,  aifectionate  services,  he  was  very 
much  endeared  to  his  people.  At  his 
suggestion,  the  Piscataqua  Evangelical 
Magazine  was  published,  to  which  he 
contributed  valuable  essays,  with  the 
signature  of  Leighton.  Such  was  his 
public  estimation,  that,  in  1803,  he  was 
one  of  the  two  principal  candidates  for 
the  professorship  of  theology  at  Harvard 
College  ;  but  Dr.  Ware  was  elected.  In 
1807,  he  was  chosen  president  of  Bow- 
doin,  into  which  office  he  was  inducted 
December  23d.  After  the  toils  of  ten 
years  in  this  station,  his  health  became 
much  impaired,  in  consequence  of  a 
severe  cold,  in  October,  1817.  In  May, 
1819,  his  illness  became  more  alarming, 
his  complaints  being  a  cough,  hoarseness, 
and  debility.     A  journey  proved  of  no 


BIOGRAPHY.  129 

essential  benefit.  A  profuse  hemorrhage, 
in  October,  extinguished  all  hope  of  re- 
covery. As  the  day.  of  his  dissolution  ap- 
proached, he  remarked,  "  Of  this  I  am 
sure,  that  salvation  is  all  of  grace.  I 
would  make  no  mention  of  any  thing, 
which  I  have  ever  thought,  or  said,  or 
done;  but  only  of  this,  that  God  so 
loved  the  world,  as  to  give  his  only- 
begotten  Son,  that  whosoever  believeth 
on  him  should  not  perish,  but  have  ever- 
lasting life.  The  atonement  is  the  only 
ground  of  hope."  In  health,  he  was 
sometimes  anxious,  in  a  high  degree,  in 
regard  to  the  college ;  but  in  sickness,  he 
said,  in  cheerful  confidence,  "  God  has 
taken  care  of  the  college,  and  God  will 
take  care  of  it."  Among  his  last  expres- 
sions, were  heard  the  words,  "  Glory  to 
God  in  the  highest;  the  whole  earth 
shall  be  filled  with  his  glory." 

He  died  November  12th,  1819,  at  the 


130  BIOGRAPHY. 

age  of  forty-seven,  having  been  president 
nearly  twelve  years. — Eiicy. 

Nathaniel  Clap,  a  Congregational  min- 
ister of  Newport,  Rhode  Island,  was  born 
January,  1668,  and  was  graduated  at 
Harvard  College,  in  1690.  In  1695  he 
began  to  preach  at  Newport,  where  he 
preached  nearly  fifty  years.  In  1740, 
when  Mr.  Whitefield  arrived  at  New- 
buryport  from  Charleston,  he  called  upon 
Mr.  Clap,  and  he  speaks  of  him  as  the 
most  venerable  man  he  ever  saw.  "He 
looked  like  a  good  old  puritan,  and  gave 
me  an  idea  of  what  stamp  those  men 
were  who  first  settled  New  England. 
His  countenance  was  very  heavenly,  and 
he  prayed  most  affectionately  for  a  bless- 
ing on  my  coming  to  Khode  Island.  I 
could  not  but  think  that  I  was  sitting 
with  one  of  the  patriarchs." 

Dean  Berkly,  who  esteemed  him  high- 


BIOGRAPHY.  131 

ly  for  his  good  deeds,  said,  "  Before  I  saw 
father  Clap,  I  thought  the  bishop  of 
Rome  had  the  greatest  aspect  of  any  man 
I  ever  saw ;  but  really,  the  minister  of 
Newport  has  the  most  venerable  appear- 
ance." Mr.  Clap  died  October  30th, 
1745,  aged  seventy-seven. 

Mr.  Clap  was  eminent  for  sanctity, 
piety,  and  an  ardent  desire  to  promote 
true  godliness  in  others.  He  abounded 
in  acts  of  charity,  being  the  father  and 
guardian  of  the  poor  and  necessitous, 
and  giving  away  all  his  living.  His  be- 
nevolent labors,  also  extended  to  the 
humble  and  numerous  class  of  slaves,  to 
whom  he  endeavored  with  unwearied  care 
to  impart  the  knowledge  of  the  gospel. 
Thus  evincing  the  reality  of  his  religion, 
by  the  purity  and  benevolence  of  his  life. 
He  was  an  honor  to  the  cause  of  the  Re- 
deemer, in  which  he  was  engaged.  He 
departed  this  life  in  peace,  without  those 


132  BIOGRAPHY. 

raptures  which  some  express,  but  with 
perfect  resignation  to  the  will  of  God, 
and  with  confidence  in  Jesus  Christ,  who 
was  the  sum  of  his  doctrine,  and  the  end 
of  his  conversation. 

George  Whitefield  was  born  at  Glou- 
cester, on  the  16th  of  December,  1714. 
His  father,  who  was  a  publican  in  Glou- 
cester, died  when  he  was  very  young, 
leaving  him  under  the  superintendence 
of  a  wise,  and  tender  mother ;  who,  con- 
sidering him  to  be  under  her  peculiar 
guardianship,  from  the  tenderness  of  his 
age,  made  him  the  object  of  her  fondest 
solicitude.  From  his  youth  he  was  en- 
dowed with  extraordinary  talents.  Be- 
tween the  age  of  twelve  and  fifteen,  he 
made  great  progress  in  the  classics. 
Owing  to  the  pecuniary  difiiculties  of  his 
mother,  his  education  was  at  this  mo- 
ment arrested,  and  he  was  deprived  of 


BIOGRAPHY.  13^3 

that  instruction  which  was  fitting  him 
for  future  usefulness. 

At  the  age  of  seventeen,  he  received 
the  sacrament  of  the  Lord's  supper,  and 
became  a  decidedly  pious  and  devout 
Christian.  In  the  following  year  he  was 
sent  to  Pembroke  College,  Oxford.  Mr. 
Charles  Wesley  being  at  that  time  a 
student  of  Christ  Church  College.  Mr. 
Whitefield  there  became  acquainted  with 
him,  and  under  his  ministry,  he  received 
much  benefit.  Having  arrived  at  the 
age  of  twenty-one,  on  Sunday  morning, 
the  20th  of  June,  1736,  he  was  solemnly 
ordained  by  the  bishop  of  Gloucester. 
On  the  Sunday  following,  he  preached  a 
celebrated  sermon  on  "  the  necessity  and 
benefit  of  religious  society."  This  ser- 
mon made  so  strong  as  impress,  that  it 
was  slanderously  reported  he  had  driven 
fifteen  of  his  hearers  mad  ! 

The  following  week  he  left  Gloucester 

12 


134  BIOGRAPHY. 

for  Oxford,  and  there  took  his  bachelor's 
degree.  A  very  short  time  after,  he  re- 
ceived an  invitation  to  visit  London, 
where  he  continued  two  months ;  having 
taken  up  his  lodgings  in  the  Tower,  read- 
ing prayers,  catechising,  and  preaching 
alternately,  in  the  chapel  of  the  Tower, 
Wapping  chapel,  and  at  Ludgate  prison, 
every  Tuesday.  At  this  time  he  felt  anx- 
ious to  join  Wesley  and  Ingham,  who 
had  gone  out  as  missionaries  to  a  new 
colony  at  Georgia. 

He  considered  thi^  as  a  call  from 
Providence  ;  and  after  having  taken  leave 
of  his  friends  in  Gloucester  and  Bristol, 
in  the  year  1737,  he  left  the  shores  of 
Britian,  for  the  continent  of  America, 
attended  by  the  blessings  and  the  prayers 
of  thousands  for  his  safety  and  useful- 
ness. After  a  tedious  voyage,  he  arrived 
at  Savannah,  on  the  7th  of  May,  1738 ; 
and  after  having  labored  four  months  at 


BIOGRAPHY.  135 

Georgia,  he  was  obliged  to  return  to 
England,  to  receive  priest's  orders,  and  to 
collect  funds  to  enable  him  to  lay  the 
foundation  of  an  orphan  school  at 
Georgia. 

On  the  6th  of  September,  1738,  he 
again  embarked  on  board  a  vessel  bound 
from  Charleston  to  London,  where  he 
arrived,  after  a  perilous  and  fatiguing 
voyage.  On  the  14th  of  January,  he  was 
ordained  priest,  at  Oxford,  by  bishop 
Benson;  and  was  afterw^ard  exposed  to 
much  persecution  for  preaching  the  word 
of  life  ;  and  was  denied  the  use  of  those 
pulpits  in  which  he  had  been  in  the 
habit  of  preaching.  Moorfields,  Ken- 
sington, and  Blackheath,  were  the  places 
in  which  he  preached  to  thousands  in 
the  open  air,  with  great  success,  though 
not  without  opposition.  After  having 
made  collections,  which  amounted  to  up- 
wards of  a  thousand  pounds,  for  the  Or- 


136  ■  BIOGRAPHY. 

phan  house  of  Georgia,  he  sailed  the 
second  time  for  America,  where  he  ar- 
rived, after  a  passage  of  nine  weeks,  and 
was  immediately  invited  to  preach  in  the 
churches,  which  were  soon  filled  with 
immense  auditories.  When  he  arrived  at 
Savannah,  he  chose  a  spot  of  ground  for 
the  orphan  school ;  and  on  the  25th  of 
March,  1740,  laid  the  first  brick,  naming 
it  Bethesda,  that  is,  a  house  of  mercy. 
That  institution  afterwards  become  emi- 
nently useful,  and  many  an  orphan's 
prayer  was  presented  to  heaven  for  its 
illustrious  founder. 

During  his  fatiguing  journeys  from 
town  to  town,  he  was  much  exhausted, 
and  sometimes  nearly  overcome  with 
anxiety ;  but  the  success  which  attended 
his  exertions  at  Georgia,  gave  him  great 
pleasure,  and  inspired  him  with  zeal  and 
hope.  Again,  however,  he  sailed  for 
England,    and   arrived    on   the    14th   of 


BIOGRAPHY.  137 

March,  at  Falmouth.  Immediately  on 
his  arrival  in  his  native  country,  he 
traveled  to  London,  and  preached  the 
following  Sunday  on  Kensington  com- 
mon, to  a  large  and  impressed  congrega- 
tion. Having  been  earnestly  solicited  to 
visit  Scotland,  he  voyaged  from  London 
to  Leith,  where  he  arrived  July  30th 
1741,  and  was  most  cordially  received  at 
Dunfermline  and  Edinburg. 

After  preaching  in  many  places,  and 
collecting  five  hundred  pounds,  he  left 
Scotland  to  go  through  "Wales,  in  his 
way  to  London.  At  Abergavenny,  in 
Wales,  he  married  Mrs.  James,  a  widow, 
between  thirty  and  forty  years  of  age,  to 
whom  he  was  much  attached.  On  his 
arrival  in  London,  and  resuming  "his 
labor  of  love,"  he  found  the  weather 
would  not  permit  him  to  preach  in  the 
open  air  in  Moorfields.  Some  dissenters 
therefore  procured  the  loan  of  a  piece  of 

12* 


138  BIOGRAPHY. 

ground,  and  built  thereon  a  large  tempo- 
rary shed,  which  he  called  a  tabernacle ; 
and  his  congregation  became  exceedingly 
large. 

In  the  beginning  of  August,  1744,  Mr. 
Whitefield  though  in  an  infirm  state  of 
health,  embarked  again  for  America,  and 
after  a  tedious  passage,  arrived  at  New 
York.  At  that  place  he  was  taken  ex- 
ceedingly ill,  and  his  death  was  appre- 
hended ;  but  through  the  providence  of 
God,  he  gradually  recovered,  and  re- 
sumed his  arduous  and  important  duties. 
After  his  illness,  he  was  very  much  in- 
convenienced with  pains  in  his  side  ;  and 
for  which  and  the  general  recovery  of  his 
health,  he  was  advised  to  go  to  the  Ber- 
mudas. Such  advice  he  adopted,  and 
there  he  landed  on  the  15th  of  March, 
1748.  At  the  Bermudas  he  met  with  the 
kindest  reception,  and  traversed  the 
island  from  one  end  to  the  other,  preach- 


BIOGRAPHY.  139 

ing  twice  every  day,  and  by  that  means 
was  eminently  and  extensively  useful. 
His  congregations  were  very  large ;  and 
seeing  so  many  persons  ignorant  of 
Christianity,  he  was  frequently  much 
affected.  He  there  collected  upwards  of 
one  hundred  pounds  for  his  orphan's 
school.  That  sum  he  transmitted  to 
Georgia ;  and  as  he  feared  a  relapse  in 
his  disorder,  if  he  returned  to  America, 
he  took  his  passage  in  a  brig,  and  arrived 
in  safety  at  Deal,  and  the  next  evening 
set  off  for  London,  after  an  absence  of 
four  years.  On  the  return  of  Mr.  White- 
field,  he  found  his  congregation  at  the 
tabernacle  very  much  scattered,  and  his 
own  pecuniary  circumstances  declining ; 
having  sold  all  his  household  furniture 
to  pay  the  orphan  house  debt.  His  con- 
gregation now,  however,  began  to  contri- 
bute, and  his  debt  was  slowly  liquida- 
ting.     At  this  time,  Lady   Huntington 


140  BIOGRAPHY. 

sent  for  him  to  preach  at  her  house,  o 
several  of  the  nobility  who  desired  to 
hear  him ;  among  whom  was  the  Earl  of 
Chesterfield,  who  expressed  himself  high- 
ly gratified;  and  lord  Bolingbroke  told 
him  he  had  done  great  justice  to  the 
divine  attributes  in  his  discourse. 

In  September,  he  visited  Scotland  a 
third  time,  and  was  joyfully  received. 
His  thoughts  were  now  wholly  engaged 
in  a  plan  for  making  his  orphan  house, 
which  was  at  first  only  intended  for  the 
fatherless,  a  seminary  of  literature  and 
academical  learning.  In  February,  1749, 
he  made  an  excursion  to  Exeter  and 
Plymouth,  where  he  was  received  with 
enthusiasm ;  and  in  the  same  year  he 
returned  to  London,  having  traveled 
about  six  hundred  miles  in  the  west  of 
England ;  and  in  May  he  went  to  Ports- 
mouth and  Portsea,  at  which  places  he 
was  eminently  useful;  many  of  that  time. 


BIOGRAPHY.  >      ,141 

by  the  instrumentality  of  his  preaching, 
being  turned  "from  darkness  to  light, 
and  from  the  power  of  Satan  unto  God." 
In  the  month  of  September  he  went  to 
Northampton  and  Yorkshire,  where  he 
preached  to  congregations  of  ten  thou- 
sand people,  who  were  peaceable  and 
attentive ;  and  only  in  one  or  two  places 
was  he  treated  with  kindness.  In  1751, 
Mr.  Whitefield  visited  Ireland,  and  was 
gladly  received  in  Dublin.  He  expressed 
liimself  much  pleased  with  the  size  and 
the  attention  of  the  congregations  assem- 
bled to  hear  him  ;  and  his  labors  were  as 
usual  very  useful.  From  Ireland  he  pro- 
ceeded to  Scotland,  where  he  also  met 
with  great  encouragement  to  proceed 
with  his  indefatigable  work.  On  the 
6th  of  August,  he  set  out  from  Edinburg 
for  London,  in  order  to  embark  for 
America.  Having  taken  leave  of  his 
friends  at  home,  he  again  set  sail  in  the 


142  BIOGRAPHY. 

Antelope,  for  Georgia ;  and  on  the  27  th 
of  October,  arrived  at  Savannah,  and 
found  the  orphan  school  in  a  flourishing 
condition.  Having  sufiered  formerly 
from  the  climate,  he  determined  not  to 
spend  the  summer  in  America,  but  re- 
embarked  for  London,  where  he  arrived 
in  safety,  after  a  tolerable  voyage.  His 
active  mind,  ever  forming  some  new  plan 
for  the  extension  of  the  Redeemer's  king- 
dom, now  turned  towards  the  tabernacle. 
He  formed  a  plan  for  the  erection  of  a 
new  one ;  and  in  the  course  of  the  follow- 
ing summer,  it  was  completed.  The 
foundation  was  laid  March  1st,  1753, 
and  was  opened  on  Sunday,  June  10th, 
1754.  After  preaching  in  it  a  few  days, 
he  again  left  England  for  Scotland,  em- 
bracing every  opportunity  of  preaching 
on  his  road,  till  he  arrived  at  Edinburg ; 
and  after  traveling  twelve  hundred  miles, 
he  returned  home  on  the  25  th  of  Novem- 


BIOGRAPHY.  143 

ber,  and  opened  the  tabernacle  at  Bristol, 
after  which  he  returned  to  London,  and 
in  September,  1756,  opened  his  new 
chapel  in  Tottenham  Court  road.  His 
labors  were  immense ;  he  preached  fifteen 
times  a  week.  Hundreds  of  people  went 
away  from  the  chapel  who  were  not  able 
to  gain  admittance.  By  his  unremitting 
attention  to  his  congregation  at  the  two 
chapels  in  London,  his  strength  was 
much  reduced,  and  he  became  debilitated 
and  weak. 

In  the  latter  end  of  the  year,  finding 
his  health  improved,  he  however  deter- 
mined on  again  visiting  America.  Acord- 
ingly,  in  the  latter  end  of  November,  he 
left  England  and  arrived  at  Boston,  in 
safety,  the  beginning  of  January ;  and  on 
writing  to  his  friends  in  England,  ex- 
pressed himself  much  gratified  with  the 
evident  improvement  in  the  orphan's 
house.     After  spending  the  winter  pleas- 


144  BIOGllAPHY. 

autly  and  usefully  in  America,  he  once 
more  embarked  for  his  native  shores; 
and  after  a  passage  of  twenty-eight  days, 
landed  in  England ;  and  on  the  6th  of 
October,  1765,  opened  the  Countess  of 
Huntingdon's  chapel,  at  Bath.  Shortly 
after  his  arrival  in  London,  Mrs.  White- 
field  was  seized  with  an  inflammatory 
fever,  and  became  its  victim  on  the  9th 
of  August.  On  the  14th,  he  delivered 
her  funeral  sermon,  which  was  distin- 
guished for  its  pathos,  yet  manly  and 
pious  eloquence. 

He  now  prepared  for  the  seventh  and 
last  voyage  to  America.  He  embarked 
at  the  beginning  of  September,  and  on 
the  30th  of  November,  arrived  in  safety, 
after  a  perilous  and  trying  passage.  But 
his  sphere  of  activity  was  now  drawing 
rapidly  at  a  close ;  his  career  of  useful- 
ness was  soon  to  be  concluded  ;  the  sand 
in    his     hour-glass    was    fast     running 


BIOGRAl'UY.  145 

through  ;  and  this  venerable  and  distin- 
guished man  was  soon  destined  to  enjoy 
the  felicities  of  heaven.  His  complaint 
which  was  the  asthma,  made  rapid 
strides  upon  his  constitution,  and  though 
it  had  several  times  threatened  dissolu- 
tion, it  was  at  last  sudden  and  unexpect- 
ed. From  the  17th  to  the  20th  of  Sep- 
tember this  faithful  laborer  in  the  vine- 
yard of  Christ,  preached  daily  at  Boston  ; 
and  though  much  indisposed,  proceeded 
from  thence  on  the  21st,  and  continued 
his  work  till  the  29  th,  when  he  delivered 
a  discourse  at  Exeter,  N.  H.,  in  the  open 
air  for  two  hours,  notwithstanding  which 
he  set  off  for  Newburyport,  where  he 
arrived  that  evening,  intending  to  preach 
the  next  morning.  His  rest  was  much 
disturbed,  and  he  complained  of  a  great 
oppression  of  his  lungs ;  and  at  five 
o'clock  on  Sabbath  morning,  the  30th  of 
September,  1770,  at  the  age  of  only  fifty- 


146  BIOGRAPHY. 

six  he  entered  into  that  rest  prepared  for 
the  people  of  God.  According  to  his 
own  desire,  Mr.  Whitefield  was  interred 
at  Newburyport.  On  the  2d  of  October, 
at  one  o'clock,  all  the  bells  in  the  town 
were  tolled  one  hour,  and  all  the  vessels 
in  the  harbor  gave  their  proper  signals 
of  mourning.  At  two  o'clock  the  bells 
tolled  a  second  time,  and  at  three  they 
repeated  their  mournful  tolling  during 
the  time  of  the  funeral. 

Mr.  Whitefield  was  not  a  learned  man, 
like  his  contemporary,  Wesley ;  but  he 
possessed  an  unusual  share  of  good  sense, 
general  information,  knowledge  of  the 
Holy  Scriptures,  and  an  accurate  ac- 
quaintance with  the  human  heart.  Few 
ministers  have  been  equally  useful  since 
the  days  of  the  apostles.  The  sermons 
of  Mr.  Whitefield  were  impassioned,  and 
were  generally  adapted  to  the  hearts  of 
his  congregations.      He  was  benevolent 


BIOGRAPHY.  147 

and  kind,  forgiving  and  gentle ;  but  he 
was  zealous  and  firm,  and  seldom  allowed 
his  feelings  to  overcome  his  judgment.  He 
was  eminently  useful  in  having  excited  a 
greater  degree  of  attention  to  religion ; 
and  millions  have  doubtless  blessed  his 
name,  and  tens  of  thousands  revere  his 
memory. 

Parker,  (Samuel,  D.  D.,)  bishop  of  the 
Protestant  Episcopal  church  in  New 
England,  was  born  at  Portsmouth,  N. 
H.,  1745,  and  was  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1764.  He  was  afterward  nine 
years  an  instructor  of  youth  in  Newbury- 
port,  and  other  towns.  In  1773,  he  was 
ordained  by  the  bishop  of  London ;  and 
in  1775,  was  established  as  assistant  min- 
ister at  Trinity  church,  Boston,  of  which 
he  became  the  rector,  in  1779.  During 
the  revolutionary  war,  the  other  Episco- 
pal clergymem  quit  the.  country,  but  he 


14.8  BIOGRAPHY. 

remained  at  his  post,  and  his  church  was 
saved  from  dispersion.  After  the  death 
of  bishop  Bass,  he  was  elected  his  suc- 
cessor, and  was  at  the  head_of  the  Epis- 
copal church  but  a  few  months.  He 
died  suddenly  at  Boston,  December  6th, 
1804,  aged  fifty-nine.  Distinguished  for 
his  benevolence,  he  was  in  a  peculiar 
manner  a  friend  to  the  poor,  who  in  his 
death  mourned  the  loss  of  a  father. 

Phebe,  a  Christian  female  of  the  port 
of  Corinth,  called  Cenchrea  ;  Romans, 
16:  1,  2.  It  is  thought  that  in  quality 
of  deaconess  she  was  employed  by  the 
church  in  some  ministration  suitable  to 
her  sex  and  condition;  as  to  visit  and 
instruct  the  Christian  women,  and  attend 
them  in  their  necessities. — Watson. 

Margaret,  (queen  of  Scotland,)  a  wo- 
man of  the  rarest  piety,  and  of  a  charac- 


BIOGRAPHY.  149 

ter  fitted  to  throw  a  luster  on  the  present 
age.     She   was   granddaughter  to    Solo- 
mon, king  of  Hungary.    With  her  broth- 
er, Edgar  Athiling,  she  was  wrecked  on 
the  coast  of  Scotland ;  and  was  there  in 
1066,  married  to  Malcolm,  who  had  just 
recovered  the  throne  of  Scotland  from  the 
usurper,  Macbeth.      Through  her  influ- 
ence the  ferocious  spirit  of  her  husband 
»  received  a  happy  tincture  of  humanity ; 
and  through  his  high  opinion  of  her  wis- 
dom, she  was  enabled  greatly  to  reform 
the  kingdom,  to  diminish  taxes,  purify 
the  courts  of  justice,  repress   the  inso- 
lence of  the  soldiery,  revive  the  spirit  of 
piety,  and  introduce  a  more  serious  re- 
gard to  the  duties  of  the  Sabbath.     She 
made  laws  to  enforce  temperance;    the 
poor  and  unfortunate  shared  her  kindest 
regard;    her  children   she  carefully  and 
successfully  e4ucated  on  Christian  princi- 
ples.    Theoderic,   a  monk   of  Durham, 


150  BIOGRAPHY. 

who  wrote  her  life,  says,  "  She  would 
discourse  with  me  concerning  the  sweet- 
ness of  everlasting  life,  in  such  a  manner 
as  to  draw  tears  from  my  eyes." 

In  1093,  while  suffering  from  sickness, 
she  heard  of  the  death  of  her  hushand, 
who  was  slain  at  Alnwick,  in  Northum- 
berland, in  the  reign  of  William  Rufus. 
She  received  the  bitter  news  as  a  Christ- 
ian. "  I  thank  thee,  O  ILord,"  she  said, 
"that  in  sending  me  so  great  an  afflic- 
tion, thou  wouldst  purify  me  from  my 
sins.  Thou,  who  by  thy  death  hast 
given  life  to  the  world,  deliver  me  from 
evil."  This  excellent  queen  survived  but 
a  few  days. — Betham. 

Margaret,  of  France,  duchess  of  Beri 
and  Savoy,  daughter  of  Francis  I.,  was 
born  in  1523,  and  received  a  superior 
education.  She  was  patroness  of  the 
sciences  and  learned  men  ;    and  after  the 


BIOGRAPHY.  151 

death  of  her  father,  gained  a  high  repu- 
tation by  her  beauty,  piety,  learning,  and 
amiable  qualities.  She  married  Philibert, 
duke  of  Savoy,  in^  1559,  and  died  1574, 
aged  fifty-one.  The  most  illustrious  of 
the  literati  contended  who  should  praise 
her  best,  and  her  subjects  called  her  the 
Mother  of  her  people. — Betham. 

Eussel,  (Lady  Russel,)  was  the  second 
daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Southampton,  and 
widow  of  lord  Vaughan.  In  1667,  she 
was  united  to  lord  William  Russel,  and 
for  sixteen  years  they  enjoyed  uninter- 
rupted felicity.  On  his  trial,  she  assisted 
him  nobly.  Lord  Hussel,  on  being  asked 
if  he  wished  for  a  person  to  take  notes 
for  him,  replied,  "  My  wife  is  here  to  do 
it."  While  making  every  human  exer- 
tion to  obtain  a  mitigation  of  the  sen- 
tence, while  every  plan  was  being  tried, 
while  nobly  offering  to  accompany  into 


152  BIOGRAPHY. 

perpetual  exile,  his  heroic  and  lovely 
wife  never  for  one  moment  requested 
him  to  swerve  from  the  strictest  honor 
and  integrity.  Lord  Russel  said,  "There 
was  a  signal  providence  of  God  in  giving 
such  a  wife,  where  there  was  hirth,  for- 
tune, great  understanding,  great  religion, 
and  a  great  kindness  to  him."  She  part- 
ed from  him  at  last  without  shedding  a 
tear,  and  retired  in  silent  but  expressive 
anguish,  to  her  wretched  and  dreary 
home.  Though  after  the  execution  of 
lord  Eussel,  his  lady  was  deeply  affected, 
yet  her  mind  never  sunk.  She  survived 
him  forty  years,  but  constantly  refused  to 
enter  again  into  the  marriage  state.  She 
died  at  the  age  of  eighty-seven.  In  1723 
Lady  Eussel  was  a  woman  of  deep, 
ardent,  and  unaffected  piety,  and  ex- 
cellent understanding.  Her  letters  have 
been  often  reprinted.  (See  Life  of  Lady 
Russel.) 


BIOGRAPHY.  153 

Monica,  the  mother  of  the  celebrated 
Augustine,  lived  towards  the  latter  end 
of  the  fourth  century.  She  was  brought 
up  when  young  in  a  Christian  family, 
and  being  afterwards  married  to  Patri- 
cius,  a  pagan  of  Tagasta,  in  Numedia,  en- 
deavored by  her  amiable  manners,  to  win 
him  to  her  faith.  She  bore  patiently 
with  his  passionate  temper;  when  he 
was  angry,  she  was  silent ;  but  when  he 
became  cool,  she  would  mildly  expostu- 
late with  him.  This  course  sanctioned 
by  the  word  of  God,  (1  Peter,  3:  1—4,) 
she  also  recommended  to  others,  and 
they  followed  it  with  success.  Her 
mother-in-law,  who  had  been  strangely 
prejudiced  against  Christianity,  was  en- 
tirely won  over  by  her  kind,  faithful,  and 
conciliating  spirit.  Her  husband  also 
permitted  her  to  bring  up  her  son  in  her 
own  faith ;  and  at  last  embraced  it  him- 
self    After  his   death,  Augustine,  who 


154  BIOGRAPHY. 

was  her  only  son,  became  the  object  of 
her  chief  solicitude,  and  for  nine  years 
she  prayed  and  wept  for  him.  A  Christ- 
ian bishopj  whom  she  had  importuned  to 
reason  with  him,  on  one  occasion,  said  to 
her,  "  Be  gone,  good  woman ;  it  is  not 
possible  that  a  child  of  such  tears  should 
perish." 

At  Rome,  whither  she  had  followed 
her  son,  and  where  she  had  the  unspeak- 
able happiness  to  witness  his  conversion 
to  God,  she  died,  in  the  fifty-sixth  year  of 
her  age.  In  her  last  sickness,  some  one 
lamented  that  she  was  likely  to  die  in  a 
foreign  land ;  to  which  this  amiable  wo- 
man replied,  "  Nothing  is  far  from  God  ; 
and  I  do  not  fear  that  he  should  not 
know  where  to  find  me  at  the  resurrec- 
tion."— Milner's  Church  History.  Beth- 
ant's  Celebrated  Women. 

Moody,    (Joseph,)    a    Congregational 


BIOGRAPHY.  155 

minister  of  York,  Maine,  was  born  in 
1701,  and  died  in  1753.  He  had  many 
eccentricities  in  his  conduct ;  but  he  was 
eminent  in  his  piety,  and  was  a  remark- 
ably useful  minister  of  the  gospel.  In 
his  younger  years  he  often  preached  be- 
yond the  limits  of  his  own  parish,  and 
wherever  he  went  the  people  hung  upon 
his  lips.  In  one  of  his  excursions  he 
went  as  far  as  Providence,  where  his  ex- 
ertions were  the  means  of  laying  the 
foundation  of  a  church.  Though  a  zeal- 
ous friend  to  the  revival  of  religion, 
which  occurred  throughout  the  country 
a  short  time  before  his  death,  yet  he 
gave  no  countenance  to  separations. 
Such  was  the  sanctity  of  his  character, 
that  it  impressed  the  irreligious  with 
awe.  To  piety  he  united  uncommon  be- 
nevolence. While  with  importunate 
earnestness  he  pleaded  the  cause  of  the 
poor,  he  was  very  charitable  himself.     It 


156  BIOGRAPHY. 

was  by  his  own  choice  that  he  desired  his 
support  from  a  free  contribution,  rather 
than  a  fixed  salary  in  the  usual  way.  In 
one  of  his  sermons  he  mentions  that  he 
had  been  supported  twenty  years  in  a 
way  most  pleasing  to  him,  and  had  been 
under  no  necessity  of  spending  one  hour 
in  a  week  in  care  for  the  world. 

Petition,  according 'to  Dr.  Watts,  is 
the  fourth  part  of  prayer,  and  includes  a 
desire  of  deliverance  from  evil,  and  a 
request  of  good  things  to  be  bestowed. 
On  both  these  accounts  petitions  are  to  be 
offered  up  to  God,  not  only  for  ourselves, 
but  our  fellow  creatures  also.  This  part 
of  prayer  is  frequently  called  intercession. 
(See  Prayer.) — Hend,  Buck.  "  Prayer  is 
a  spiritual  exercise,  and  can  only  be  per- 
formed acceptably  by  the  assistance  of 
the  Holy  Spirit."  All  acceptable  prayer 
must  be   offered  in  faith,  or  a  believing 


BIOGRAPHY.  157 

frame  of  mind.     Prayer  is  to  be  offered 
for  things  agreeable  to  the  will  of  God. 

Perkins,  (William,)  an  eminent  divine 
of  the  church  of  England,  was  born  at 
Maton,  in  Warwickshire,  England,  1558. 
He  was  educated  in  Christ  college,  Cam- 
bridge. In  his  early  life  he  gave  proofs 
of  great  genius  and  philosophic  research ; 
but  in  his  habits  was  exceedingly  wild 
and  profligate.  After  his  conversion,  he 
was  distinguished  for  his  tender  sympa- 
thy, and  skill  in  opening  the  human 
heart ;  so  that  he  became  the  instrument 
of  salvation  to  many. 

At  the  age  of  twenty-four,  he  was 
chosen  fellow  of  Christ  college,  and 
entered  into  holy  orders.  He  was  soon 
after  chosen  rector  of  St.  Andrew's 
parish,  in  Cambridge,  where  in  all  his 
efforts  he  displayed  a  mind  admirably 
adapted  to   his  station.     While  his  dis- 


158  BIOGRAPHY. 

courses  were  suited  to  the  capacity  of  the 
common  people,  the  pious  scholar  could 
not  but  admire  them.  They  were  said  to 
be  "  all  law,  and  all  gospel ;"  so  well  did 
he  unite  the  character  of  a  Boanerges  and 
a  Barnabas.  He  was  an  able  casuist ; 
and  was  resorted  to  by  afflicted  conscien- 
ces far  and  near.  So  far  was  he  from 
considering  his  field  of  effort  circum- 
scribed, he  improved  every  opportunity 
to  do  good.  On  one  occasion,  perceiving 
who  was  about  to  ascend  the  ladder  to  be 
executed,  exceedingly  distressed,  he  en- 
deavored to  console  him ;  but  to  no  effect. 
He  then  said,  "  Man,  what  is  the  matter 
with  thee?  art  thou  afraid  of  death"?" 
"  Ah,  no,"  said  the  malefactor,  "  but  of  a 
worse  thing."  "  Then  come  down,"  said 
Mr.  Perkins,  "  and  thou  shalt  see  what 
the  grace  of  God  can  do  to  strengthen 
thee."  Mr.  Perkins  took  him  by  the 
hand,  and,  kneeling  down  with  him  at 


BIOGRAPHY.  159 

the  foot  of  the  ladder,  so  fervently  ac- 
knowledged sin,  its  aggravations,  and  its 
desert,  that  the  poor  culprit  burst  into 
tears  of  contrition.  He  then  proceeded 
to  set  forth  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  as  the 
Saviour  of  every  believing  penitent ; 
which  he  was  enabled  to  do  with  so  much 
success,  that  the  poor  creature  continued 
indeed  to  shed  tears ;  but  they  were  now 
tears  of  love,  gratitude,  and  joy,  flowing 
from  a  persuasion  that  his  sins  were  can- 
celed by  the  Saviour's  blood.  He  after- 
wards ascended  the  ladder  with  com- 
posure, while  the  spectators  lifted  up 
their  hands  and  praised  God  for  such  a 
glorious  display  of  his  sovereign  grace. 

Mr.  Perkins  died  in  1602,  in  the  forty- 
fourth  year  of  his  age.  During  his  last 
sickness,  which  was  very  severe,  he  was 
remarkably  patient.  Ha^g  heard  a 
friend  pray  for  the  mitigation  of  his 
pains,  he  cried    out,  "  Hold  !   hold  !   do 


160  BIOGRAPHY. 

not  pray  so ;  but  pray  the  Lord  to  give 
me  faith  and  patience,  and  then  lay  on 
me  just  what  he  pleases." 

His  works,  which  were  numerous, 
were  published  in  two  volumes  folio. 
Many  of  them  were  translated  into  a 
variety  of  foreign  languages. — Middleton. 

Penn,  (William,)  the  founder  and  legis- 
lator of  Pennsylvania,  whom  Montes- 
quieu denominated  the  modern  Lycurgus, 
was  the  son  of  admiral  Penn  :  was  born 
in  1644,  in  London ;  and  was  educated 
at  Christ  church,  Oxford.  As  something 
remarkable  is  usually  said  of  all  great 
men  in  the  early  part  of  their  lives,  so  it 
was  said  of  William  Penn;  that,  while 
here  and  alone  in  his  chamber,  being 
then  eleven  years  old,  he  was  suddenly 
surprised  with  an  inward  comfort,  and, 
as  he  thought,  an  external  glory,  in  the 
room,  which  gave  rise  to  religious  emo- 


BIOGRAPHY.  161 

tions,  during  whicli  he  had  the  strongest 
conviction  of  the  being  of  a  God,  and 
that  the  soul  of  man  was  capable  of  en- 
joying communication  with  him.  He 
believed,  also,  that  the  seal  of  divinity 
had  been  upon  him  at  this  moment,  or 
that  he  had  been  awakened  or  called 
upon  to  a  holy  life.  But  whatever  was 
the  external  occasion,  or  whether  any  or 
more,  or  whatever  were  the  particulars 
which  he  is  said  to  have  imbibed  at  this 
period,  certain  it  is  that  while  he  was  at 
Chigwell  school,  his  mind  was  serious- 
ly impressed  on  the  subject  of  re- 
ligion. 

At  college  he  imbibed  the  principles  of 
Quakerism,  which  a  few  years  afterwards 
he  publicly  professed.  Being  acciden- 
tally on  business  at  Cork,  he  heard  that 
Thomas  Loe,  (a  layman  of  Oxford,)  and 
the  person  who  first  confirmed  his  early 

religious  impressions,  was  to  preach  at  a 
11* 


162  BIOGRAPHY. 

meeting   of    the   Quakers   in   that   city. 
Accordingly  he  attended. 

The  preacher  at  length  rose,  and  thus 
began :  "  There  is  a  faith  which  over- 
comes the  world,  and  there  is  a  faith 
which  is  overcome  by  the  world."  On 
this  subject  he  enlarged  in  so  impressive 
a  manner,  that  William  was  quite  over- 
come. Penn  now  became  openly  a  Qua- 
ker ;  he  was,  in  consequence,  twice 
turned  out  of  doors  by  his  father.  In 
1668,  he  began  to  preach  in  public,  and 
write  in  defence  of  the  doctrine  which  he 
had  embraced.  For  this  he  was  thrice 
imprisoned,  and  once  brought  to  trial. 
It  was  during  his  first  imprisonment  that 
he  wrote  "  No  cross,  no  crown."  In 
1677,  he  visited  Holland  and  Germany, 
to  propagate  his  principles.  He  preached 
much  on  the  continent ;  was  well  re- 
ceived ;  made  many  converts  to  his  sys- 
tem; and  at  Frankfort,  wrote  his  letters 


BIOGRAPHY.  163 

to  the  churches  of  Jesus,  throughout  the 
world,  and  at  Rotterdam,  "A  call  of 
summons,  to  Christendom." 

In  March,  1680-81,  he  obtained  from 
Charles  Second,  a  grant  of  that  territory 
which  now  bears  the  name  of  Pennsylva- 
nia, in  lieu  of  the  debt  due  by  the  gov- 
ernment to  his  father ;  and  which  he  was 
induced  to  do,  from  a  desire  to  spread 
the  principles  and  doctrines  of  the  Qua- 
kers ;  and  to  raise  a  virtuous  empire  in 
the  new  land,  which  should  diffuse  its 
example  far  and  wide  to  the  remotest 
ages. 

In  1682,  he  embarked  for  his  new 
colony,  and  in  the  following  year  he 
founded  Philadelphia.  In  1684,  having 
received  accounts  of  fresh  persecutions  in 
England,  he  determined  on  repairing 
thither  to  use  his  influence  with  the 
court  to  stop  them.  In  the  meantime  he 
settled  the  system  of  discipline  for  his 


164  BIOGRAPHY. 

own  religious  societies  at  Pennsylvania. 
He  visited  America  for  tlie  last  time  in 
1699,  and  returned  in  1701.  The  rest  of 
his  life  was  passed  in  tranquillity.  He 
died  July  30th,  1718.  His  works  have 
been  collected  in  two  folio  volumes. — 
Memoirs^  hy  Clarkson. 

Carter,  (Mrs.  Elizabeth,)  a  lady  of  pro- 
found learning  and  sincere  piety,  was  the 
eldest  daughter  of  the  E.ev.  Dr.  Nicolas 
Carter,  a  clergyman  in  Kent,  and  born  at 
Deal,  December  16th,  1717.  In  early 
life  her  faculties  appeared  dull,  and  her 
progress  in  knowledge  very  slow ;  but 
she  afterwards  became  mistress  of  Latin, 
Greek,  French,  German,  Italian,  Spanish, 
Portuguese,  Hebrew,  and  attained  a  par- 
tial knowledge  of  Arabic.  At  the  age  of 
seventeen  her  poetical  attempts  appeared 
in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine,  and  they 
were   so    eminently   excellent,   that  the 


BIOGRAPHY.  165 

learned  flocked  around  her  with  admira- 
tion ;  and  at  the  age  of  twenty,  the  pro- 
prietor of  that  magazine  published  some 
of  her  poems  in  a  quarto  pamphlet. 

In  1741,  she  formed  an  intimacy  with 
Miss  Catharine  Talbot,  niece  of  the  lord 
chancellor  Talbot,  who  distinguished  for 
her  piety  and  genius,  greatly  improved 
Mrs.  Carter.  To  the  celebrated  Seeker 
she  also  introduced  her;  and  owing  to 
that  acquaintance  may  probably  be  traced 
her  distinguished  and  justly  estimated 
"  Translation  of  Epictetus."  In  1754, 
Mrs.  Carter  renewed  a  long  existing  inti- 
macy with  Mrs.  Montague,  and  at  her 
house  frequently  met  with  persons  of 
elevated  rank,  unrivaled  talents,  and 
genuine  piety.  In  1756,  Sir  George 
Lyttleton  visited  her  at  Deal,  and  from 
that  time  an  acquaintance  commenced, 
which  only  terminated  with  life.  She 
also  became  intimate  with  William  Pul- 


166  BIOGRAPHY. 

teney,  earl  of  Bath,  who  was  delighted 
by  her  society,  and  regarded  her  intel- 
lectual powers  and  attainments  with  ad-' 
miration. 

In  1763,  she  accompanied  lord  Bath, 
Dr.  Douglas,  and  others  to  Spa,  and 
made  a  short  tour  to  Germany  and  Hol- 
land. In  1768,  she  was  greatly  dis- 
tressed by  the  loss  of  her  friend  and  pat- 
ron, the  excellent  Seeker;  and  in  1774 
by  that  of  her  aged,  but  beloved  father. 
Mrs.  Carter  was  visited  by  the  royal  fam- 
ily, caressed  by  the  great,  and  beloved  by 
the  good.  Her  learning  was  great,  but 
her  piety  was  more  distinguished.  As  an 
authoress,  she  commands  respect ;  but  as 
a  Christian,  veneration  and  love.  To  the 
service  of  God  she  devoted  her  youth, 
her  maturer  years,  and  her  old  age.  Her 
conscience  was  very  scrupulous ;  her  mor- 
ality properly  rigid,  and  her  life  unblem- 
ished.   Her  studies  were  various,  but  she 


BIOGRAPHY.  167 

never  forgot  her  Bible.  With  that  book 
she  was  intimately  acquainted,  and  spent 
much  time  in  daily  devotions.  A  life 
spent  in  the  service  of  God  could  not  but 
end  in  peace  and  happiness;  and  those 
who  wish  to  find  an  antidote  to  the  cold, 
formal,  and  speculative  professors  of  the 
present  day,  would  do  well  to  read  the 
life,  and  study  the  character  of  the  cele- 
brated Mrs.  Carter.  She  lived  for  many 
years,  blessing  her  friends  by  her  inter- 
course and  her  prayers  ;  blessing  society 
by  her  example,  and  blessing  posterity 
by  her  writings.  She  expired  on  the 
19th  of  February,  1806,  in  the  eighty- 
eighth  year  of  her  age,  and  was  interred 
in  the  burial-ground  of  Grosvenor  chapel. 

Harris,  (Samuel,)  a  Baptist  minister, 
called  the  apostle  of  Virginia,  was  born 
of  respectable  parentage,  in  Hanover 
county,   January  12th,   1724.      He  was 


168  BIOGRAPHY. 

baptized  about  1758.  He  soon  began  to 
preach  diligently,  but  was  not  ordained 
until  1769.  In  his  power  over  the  affec- 
tions of  his  hearers,  he  was  thought  to 
be  equal  to  Whitefield.  The  Virginians 
say  he  seemed  to  pour  forth  streams  of 
lightning  from  his  eyes.  His  worldly 
offices  he  resigned,  as  he  ascribed  to 
them  the  diminution  of  his  religious  en- 
joyments. In  1774,  the  general  associa- 
tion of  Separate  Baptists,  thinking  to  re- 
establish the  primitive  order,  as  men- 
tioned Eph.  4:  11,  chose  Mr.  Harris, 
apostle,  and  ordained  him  by  the  hands 
of  every  minister  in  that  body. — Benedict. 

Sherman,  (Roger,)  a  signer  of  the  dec- 
laration of  American  independence,  was 
born  at  Newton,  Mass,  in  1721 ;  and, 
with  only  a  common  school  education 
rose  to  distinction  as  a  lawyer  and  states- 
man.    His  early  life  was  passed  in  the 


BIOGRAPHY.  169 

occupation  of  a  shoe  maker.  E^moving 
to  Connecticut  in  1743,  he  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1754,  and  soon  became  dis- 
tinguished as  a  counselor.  In  1761,  he 
removed  to  New  Haven  ;  four  years  after 
was  appointed  a  judge  of  the  county 
court;  and  in  1776,  advanced  to  the 
bench  of  the  superior  court.  He  was  a 
delegate  to  the  celebrated  Congress  of 
1774,  and  was  a  member  of  that  body  for 
the  space  of  nineteen  years.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  convention  that  formed 
the  constitution  of  the  United  States. 
He  died  in  1793.  His  talents  were  solid 
and  useful;  his  judgment  unfailing.  Mr. 
Mason  said  of  him,  "  Roger  Sherman  had 
more  common  sense  than  any  man  I  ever 
knew."  Mr.  Jefferson  characterised  him 
as  "  a  man  who  never  said  a  foolish  thing 
in  his  life."  He  was  for  many  years  a 
deacon  of  the  church.  Having  made  a 
public  profession  of  religion  at  the  age  of 

15 


170  BIOGRAPHY. 

twenty-one,  he  was  never  ashamed  to  ad- 
vocate the  peculiar  doctrines  of  the  gos- 
pel, which  are  often  so  unwelcome  to 
men  of  worldly  eminence.  His  senti- 
ments were  derived  from  the  word  of 
God.  In  the  relations  of  private  life,  he 
secured  esteem  and  affection. — Goodrich. 

Sumerfield,  (John)  an  interesting 
young  minister,  was  born  in  Lancashire, 
England,  January  31st,  1798.  After 
early  dissipation  he  become  pious,  and 
preached  in  the  Methodist  connection  in 
Ireland.  He  came  to  New  York  in 
1821,  with  almost  the  popularity  of 
Whitefield.  His  ill-health  induced  him 
in  1823,  to  visit  France  as  a  delegate 
from  the  American  Bible  Society.  He 
died  at  New  York,  June  13th,  1825, 
aged  twenty-seven.  Few  ministers  have 
exhibited  such  meekness,  humility,  disin- 


BIOGRAPHY.  171 

terestedness,  and  benevolence  in  life;   few 
have  been  so  eloquent  in  the  pulpit. 

Belsham,  (Thomas)  an  eminent  advo- 
cate of  Unitarianism,  was  born  April 
15th,  1750.  At  the  age  of  sixteen  he 
was  admitted  into  the  academy  aj;  Daven- 
try,  then  under  the  care  of  Dr.  Ash- 
worth,  1766.  At  this  time  it  appears  he 
had  many  doubts  of  his  personal  piety. 
"  I  much  fear,"  he  says,  "  that  Christ  is 
not  formed  in  my  soul.  I  have  had  some 
pretty  deep  conviction  this  month ;  but  I 
fear  I  have  too  often  resisted  the  Holy 
Spirit.  I  am  ready  to  fear  that  God  has 
not  elected  me,  and  that  I  am  irrevocar 
bly  doomed  to  hopeless  misery." 

In  1767,  he  solemnly  dedicated  him- 
self to  God,  in  the  manner  recommended 
by  Dr.  Doddridge  in  his  "  Rise  and  Pro- 
gress." From  his  doubts  and  fears,  how- 
ever, he  seems  never  to  have  been  re- 


172  BIOGRAPHY. 

lieved,  until  he  adopted  the  system  of 
philosophical  necessities,  and  final  res- 
toration. In  1778,  he  was  settled  as 
pastor  of  a  dissenting  congregation  at 
Worcester,  from  which  however  he  re- 
moved, in  1781,  to  take  charge  of  the 
Daventry  academy.  Here  his  sentiments 
underwent  a  change,  so  far  that  in  1789, 
he  avowed  himself  a  Unitarian,  of  the 
school  of  Priestly.  He  resigned  his  sta- 
tion, and  immediately  took  charge  of 
Hackney  college,  a  Unitarian  institution; 
where  he  continued  to  discharge  the 
office  of  a  tutor  until  1805,  when  he 
became  minister  of  Essex  street  chapel, 
London,  as  successor  to  Dr.  Disney,  and 
Mr.  Lindsey.  He  seems  to  have  enjoyed 
little  happiness  at  either  of  his  success- 
ive situations  ;  his  conscientiousness  was 
painfully  great ;  and  his  religious  system 
excluded  him  from  the  peace  and  conso- 
lation   derived  from   the    atonement  of 


BIOGRAPHY.  173 

Christ,  and  the  influence  of  his  spirit. 
He  published  various  works  which  gave 
him  great  reputation  among  his  friends ; 
though  others  regard  him  as  a  servile 
thinker,  a  cold  reasoner,  and  a  bold  con- 
troversialist. After  Dr.  Priestly,  he  was 
regarded  as  the  leader  of  Unitarianism  in 
England.  His  "  Calm  Inquiry,"  "  Evi- 
dence of  Christianity,"  "  Review  of  Wil- 
berforce,"  and  "  Memoirs  of  Lindsey," 
including  a  "  History  of  American  Unita- 
rianism," are  best  known.  He  died  in 
1830. — Memoirs  of  Mr.  Belsham. 

Burnet,  (Elizabeth)  eldest  daughter  of 
Sir  Richard  Blake,  was  born  in  1661, 
and  died  1708.  At  eleven  years  of  age 
she  began  to  have  a  true  sense  of  relig- 
ion, and  read  with  great  application  the 
books  which  were  put  in  her  hands ;  but 
was  not  quite  satisfied,  aspiring  after 
more    sublime    notions   than   what    she 

15* 


174  BIOGRAPHY. 

found  in  them.  On  this  account  more 
than  ordinary  care  was  taken  in  her  edu- 
cation, to  make  her  think  less  highly  of 
herself.  At  seventeen,  she  was  married 
to  Robert  Berkly,  Esq.,  of  Worcester. 
With  him  she  visited  the  continent,  and 
resided  some  time  at  Hague ;  but  re- 
turned to  England  about  the  time  of  the 
revolution,  in  1688. 

Her  knowledge  and  virtues  attracted 
many  acquaintances.  Dr.  Stillingfleet 
was  her  intimate  friend,  and  used  to  say 
that  he  knew  not  a  more  considerable 
woman  in  England.  Her  husband  dying 
in  1693,  she  applied  herself  wholly  to 
devotion,  reading,  acts  of  charity,  and 
offices  of  friendship,  especially  to  her  late 
husband's  Protestant  relations.  She  also 
took  an  active  part  in  founding  a  hospi- 
tal, for  which  Mr.  Berkly  had  left  a  valu- 
able bequest.  She  also  established  many 
schools  for  the  instruction  of  poor  chil- 


BIOGRAPHY,  175 

dren ;  and  employed  her  pen  in  useful 
compositions.  In  1700,  she  was  married 
to  the  celebrated  bishop  Burnet,  and  was 
a  mother  indeed  to  his  family  of  children; 
of  which  her  husband  was  so  sensible, 
that  by  his  will,  then  made,  he  left  them 
entirely  under  her  care  and  authority. 
Such  was  her  benevolence,  that  she  was 
uneasy  at  using  even  a  fifth  part  of  her 
income  for  herself.  Her  death,  like  her 
life,  was  that  of  a  calm  happy  Christian. 
— Betham. 

Blackstone,  (Sir  William)  an  eminent 
and  religious  lawyer,  was  the  third  son  of 
a  silk  mercer,  and  was  born  in  London, 
in  1723.  After  having  been  for  several 
years  at  the  Charter  house,  he  completed 
his  education  at.  Pembroke  college,  Ox- 
ford, and  at  both  seminaries  displayed 
superior  talents.  Having  chosen  the  pro- 
fession of  the  law,  and  entered  the  mid- 


176  BIOGRAPHY. 

die  temple  in  1741,  he  wrote  his  elegant 
valedictory  poem,  the  "  Lawyer's  Fare- 
well to  his  Muse."  He  remained  in  com- 
parative obscurity  till  1753,  when  he 
began  to  deliver,  at  Oxford,  his  lectures 
on  the  English  laws;  which  in  1765, 
and  the  four  following  years,  he  pub- 
lished, with  the  title  of  "  Commentaries 
on  the  Laws  of  England."  In  conse- 
quence of  these  lectures,  he  was  elected 
Vincrian  professor  of  law,  in  the  univer- 
sity, and  obtained  a  great  accession  of 
business.  In  1766,  he  sat  in  parliament 
as  member  for  Hindon,  and  was  made 
king's  counsel,  and  solicitor  general  to 
the  queen.  In  1770,  he  was  offered  the 
place  of  solicitor  general,  but  declined  it, 
and  was  made  judge  of  the  king's  bench  ; 
whence  he  was  soon  after  transferred  to 
the  common  pleas.  He  died  in  1780. 
Blackstone  was  the  first  who  wrote  on 
the  dry  and  repulsive  subject  of  English 


BIOGRAPHY.  177 

law,  in  such  a  manner  as  not  to  excite 
disgust  in  a  reader  of  taste.  Like  almost 
all  lawyers,  he  leans  to  the  side  of  prerog- 
ative; nor  is  there  much  more  of  enlarge- 
ment in  his  principles  of  religious  liberty. 
For  this  reason  he  was  exposed  to  attack 
from  Priestly,  Junius,  and  Bentham. — 
Davenport. 

Davidson,  (Lucretia  Maria)  a  remark- 
able instance  of  precocious  genius  and 
piety,  was  born  at  Plattsburg,  on  Lake 
Champlain,  September  27th,  1808,  being 
the  second  daughter  of  Dr.  Oliver  David- 
son, and  Margaret  his  wife.  Her  parents 
being  in  straitened  circumstances,  much 
of  her  time  was  devoted  to  the  cares  of 
home.  Yet  she  read  much,  and  wrote 
poetry  at  a  very  early  age.  She  had  a 
burning  thirst  for  knowledge.  In  Octor 
ber,  1824,  a  gentleman  on  a  visit  to 
Plattsburg,  saw  some  of  her  verses,  and 


178  BIOGRAPHY. 

was  made  acquainted  with  her  character, 
and  circumstances.  He  determined  to 
give  her  the  best  education.  On  know- 
ing his  purpose,  her  joy  was  almost 
greater  than  she  could  bear.  She  was 
placed  in  Mrs.  Willard's  school,  at  Troy; 
but  her  incessant  application  was  peril- 
ous to  her  health.  After  returning  home 
and  recovering  from  illness,  she  was  sent 
to  Miss  Gilbert's,  at  Albany;  but  soon 
she  was  again  very  ill.  On  her  return, 
the  hectic  flush  of  her  cheek  indicated 
her  approaching  fate.  The  last  name  she 
pronounced,  was  that  of  her  patron.  She 
died  August  27th,  1825,  aged  nearly 
seventeen.  Her  person  was  singularly 
beautiful.  She  had  a  high  open  fore- 
head, a  soft  black  eye,  perfect  symmetry 
of  features,  a  fair  complexion,  and  luxu- 
riant dark  hair.  The  prevailing  expres- 
sion of  her  face  was  melancholy. 

In  her  fifteenth  year  she  wrote  the  fol- 
lowing verses. 


BIOGRAPHY.  179 


TO      A      STAR. 

"IIow  calmly,  brightly  dost  thou  shine, 
Like  the  pure  lamp  in  Virtue's  shrine  ! 
Sure,  the  fair  world,  which  thou  may'st  boast, 
Was  never  ransomed,  never  lost. 

There,  beings  pure  as  heaven's  own  air. 
Their  hopes,  their  joys  together  share ; 
"While  hovering  angels  touch  the  string 
And  seraphs  spread  the  sheltering  wing. 

There,   cloudless  days  and  brilliant  nights, 
Illumed  by  heaven's  refulgent  light. 
There,  seasons,  years,  unnoticed  roll. 
And  unregretted  by  the  soul. 

Thoa  little  sparkling  star  of  evein 
Thou  gem  upon  an  azure  heaven! 
How  swiftly  will  I  soar  to  thee, 
When   this  imprisoned  soul  is  free !" 

Bore,  (Catharine  Von)  a  nun  of  Nimp- 
tochen,  in  Germany^  afterwards  the  wife 
of  Luther,  was  the  daughter  of  a  gentle- 


180  BIOGRAPHY. 

man  of  fortune.  At  the  commencement 
of  the  reformation,  she,  with  eight  other 
nuns,  convinced  by  Luther's  writings  of 
the  impropriety  of  monastic  vows,  escaped 
from  her  convent,  in  1523.  This  bold 
step  was  highly  praised  by  Luther,  who 
undertook  their  justification.  Catharine 
was  then  but  twenty-six,  and  the  charms 
of  youth  in  these  circumstances,  led  her 
enemies  to  censure  her  without  founda- 
tion, as  having  left  her  convent  for  a  lib- 
ertine life.  Luther,  hurt  with  this  re- 
port, would  have  married  her  to  Glacius, 
minister  to  Ortancunden ;  but  she  not 
liking  Glacius,  he  married  her  himself,  in 
1526.  Luther  always  delighted  in  the 
heroism  of  his  wife.  He  would  not  part 
with  her,  he  afterwards  observed,  for  all 
the  riches  of  the  Venetians.  She  was 
pious,  modest,  plain  in  her  attire,  and 
economical  in  her  house,  where  she  dis- 
played all  the  hospitality  of  the  German 


BOSTON.  181 

nobleness,  without  their  pride.     She  died 
in  1552,  six  years  after  Luther. — Betham. 

Haven,  (Nathaniel  Appleton)  was  born 
January  14th,  1790  ;  graduated  at  Har- 
vard college,  in  1807  ;  and  settled,  a  law- 
yer, at  Portsmouth,  where  he  died  of  the 
scarlet  fever,  June  3d,  1826,  aged  thirty- 
six.  He  wrote  some  fine  poetry,  and 
many  valuable  articles  for  the  Ports- 
mouth Journal,  which  he  edited  from 
1821  to  1825.  He  wrote  also  for  the 
North  American  Review.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Parker's  church, 
in  Portsmouth,  and  for  six  years  superin- 
tended a  large  and  flourishing  Sabbath 
school.  His  remains,  with  a  memoir  by 
George  Ticknor,  were  published  in  1827. 
— Ency. 

The  writer  would  most  affectionately 
j-efer  to  that  eminent  divine,  Rev.  Dr. 
Parker.     When  closing  a   young  ladies' 

16 


182  BIOGRAPHY. 

scliool  in  Portsmouth,  in  the  summer  of 
1812,  we  addressed  a  note  to  Mr.  Parker, 
requesting  him  to  attend  the  examination 
and  exhibition,  and  address  the  Throne 
of  Grace,  which  he  most  cheerfully  com- 
plied with ;  his  prayer  was  in  keeping 
with  himself,  appropriate  and  eloquent. 
In  after  years,  when  visiting  his  friends 
in  Dover,  he  referred  to  that  school. 

Coddington,  (William)  one  of  the 
founders  of  Rhode  Island,  was  a  native 
of  Lincolnshire,  England.  He  came  to 
this  country  one  of  the  chief  magistrates 
of  Massachusetts ;  he  was  several  times 
re-chosen  to  that  office.  He  removed  to 
Ehode  Island,  April  26th,  1638,  and  was 
the  principal  instrument  in  effecting  the 
original  settlement  of  that  place.  His 
name  stands  first  on  the  covenant,  signed 
by  eighteen  persons,  March  7th,  1638  ; 
forming  themselves  into  a  body  politic, 


BIOGRAPHY.  183 

to  be  governed  by  the  laws  of  the  Lord 
Jesus  Christ,  the  King  of  kings. 

Mr.  Coddington  was  chosen  governor 
seven  years  successively.  In  1652,  he 
retired  from  public  business ;  but  toward 
the  close  of  his  life,  he  was  prevailed  on 
to  accept  the  chief  magistracy.  He  was 
governor  in  the  year  1674,  and  1675. 
He  died  November  1st,  1678.  WMle  he 
lived  in  Rhode  Island,  he  embraced  the 
sentiments  of  the  Quakers.  He  was  a 
warm  advocate  for  liberty  of  conscience. 
— Ency. 

Evans,  (Caleb,  D.  D.,)  President  of  the 
Baptist  Education  Society  at  Bristol,  was 
the  son  of  the  Rev.  Hugh  Evans.  He 
was  born  at  Bristol,  about  the  year  1737. 
In  1767,  he  became  colleague  to  his  fath- 
er, as  pastor  of  the  church  ;  and  in  1770 
formed  the  "  Bristol  Education  Society ;" 
the  object  of  which  was,  that  of  furnish- 


184  BIOGRAPHY. 

ing  the  dissenting  congregations,  and 
especially  those  of  the  Baptist  denomina- 
tion, with  a  succession  of  able  and  evan- 
gelical ministers,  as  well  as  missionaries, 
for  propagating  the  gospel  in  the  world. 
From  this  time  to  the  period  of  his  death, 
which  took  place,  August  9th,  1791,  in 
the  fifty-fourth  year  of  his  age,  Dr. 
Evans  continued  to  discharge  the  duties 
of  his  high  office  with  honor  to  himself, 
and  usefulnei^  to  the  body  with  which 
he  was  associated.  He  published  an 
answer  to  Dr.  Priestly's  "  Appeal,"  and  a 
small  volume  entitled  "Christ  Crucified;" 
besides  occasional  sermons. — Jonesf  Chr. 
Biog. 

Amelia,  (the  princess,)  the  eminently 
pious  daughter  of  his  majesty  George  the 
III.;  born  1783,  and  died  1810,  aged 
twenty-seven  years.  She  was  most  ten- 
derly beloved  by  her  father,  whose  last 


BIOGRAPHY.  185 

illness  is  supposed  to  have  accelerated,  if 
not  brought  on  his  death.  A  beautiful 
picture  of  the  venerable  monarch  and  his 
daughter,  is  given  by  a  gentleman,  who 
was  in  the  habit  of  close  and  official 
attendance  on  the  princess  Amelia  during 
her  last  days.  Being  asked  what  was 
the  nature  of  the  interview  and  conversa- 
tion between  her  and  his  majesty,  he  re- 
plied, "  They  are  of  the  most  interesting 
kind."  Are  they  of  a  religious  tendency'? 
"  Decidedly  so,"  replied  the  gentleman  ; 
"  and  the  religion  is  exactly  of  that  sort 
which  you,  as  a  serious  Christian,  would 
approve.  His  majesty  speaks  to  his 
daughter  of  the  only  hope  of  a  sinner 
being  in  the  blood  and  righteousness  of 
Christ.  He  examines  her  as  to  the  in- 
tegrity and  strength  of  that  hope  in  her 
own  soul.  The  princess  listens  with 
calmness  and  delight  to  the  conversation 
of  her  venerable  parent,  and  replies  to 

16* 


186  BIOGRAPHY. 

his  questions  in  a  very  affectionate  and 
serious  manner.  If  you  were  present  at 
one  of  these  interviews,  you  would  ac- 
knowledge with  joy  that  the  gospel  is 
preached  in  a  palace,  and  that  under 
highly  affecting  circumstances.  Noth- 
ing," added  he,  "  can  be  more  striking 
than  the  sight  of  the  king,  aged  and 
uearly  blind,  bending  over  the  couch  on 
which  the  princess  lies,  and  speaking  to 
her  about  salvation  through  Christ,  as  a 
matter  far  more  interesting  to  both,  than 
the  highest  privileges  and  the  most  mag- 
nificent pomp  of  royalty." — Chissord^ 

Caldwell,  (Elias  B.)  clerk  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  the  United  States,  grad- 
uated at  Princeton,  in  1796,  and  died  at 
Washington,  in  May,  1825,  gladdened  by 
the  promises  of  the  religion  which  he  pro- 
fessed. He  labored  zealously  in  forming 
and  conducting  the  American  Colonization 


BIOGRAPHY.  187 

Society,  of  which  he  was  the  correspond- 
ing secretary.  In  honor  of  him,  the 
managers  of  the  society  gave  the  name  of 
Caldwell,  to  a  town  in  their  African 
colony.  Mr.  C,  in  order  to  bring  relig- 
ious instructions  to  the  untaught  in  the 
country  near  Washington,  obtained  a 
license  to  preach  from  the  presbytery, 
and  was  accustomed  to  preach  on  the 
Sabbath. — African  Rep. 

Carroll,  (John,  D.  D.,)  first  Catholic 
bishop  of  the  United  States,  was  bom  in 
Maryland,  in  the  year  1734.  He  was 
sent  at  the  age  of  thirteen,  to  the  college 
St.  Onurs',  in  Flanders,  where  he  re- 
mained for  six  years,  when  he  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  colleges  Liege  and  Bruges. 
In  1769,  he  was  ordained  a  priest,  and 
soon  after  became  a  Jesuit.  He  returned 
to  America  in  1775,  and  when  the  Ro- 
man Catholic  clergy  in  the  United  States 


188  BIOGRAPHY. 

requested  from  the  pope  the  establish- 
ment of  a  hierarchy,  Mr.  Carroll  was  ap- 
pointed vicar  general,  and  fixed  his  re  si 
dence  at  Baltimore.  In  1789,  he  was 
named  bishop,  and  in  the  ensuing  year 
was  consecrated  in  England.  In  the 
same  year  he  returned  to  his  native 
country,  and,  from  the  ofilce  of  his  episco- 
pal see,  assumed  the  title  of  bishop  of 
Baltimore.  A  few  years  before  his 
death,  he  was  raised  to  the  dignity  of  arch- 
bishop. He  was  a  man  of  the  most 
amiable  manners,  and  of  deep  evangeli- 
cal piety;  the  American  Fenelon.  fie 
died  in  1815,  much  esteemed  and  re- 
gretted.— Davenport. 

Athenais,  (afterwards  Elia  Eudocia,) 
empress  of  the  east,  was  the  daughter  of 
Leontinus,  an  Athenian  philosopher,  who 
gave  her  a  most  elegant  and  liberal  edu- 
cation.    To  the  learning  and  philosophy 


BIOGRAPHY.  189 

of  the  Greeks,  she  added  the  arts  of 
elocution  and  music.  Her  father  at  his 
death,  left  all  his  property  to  her  two 
brothers,  except  one  hundred  pieces  of 
gold ;  saying  in  his  will,  that  "  her  un- 
qualified merit  was  a  suflB.cient  portion." 
This  merit,  however,  was  certainly  no 
apology  for  such  signal  injustice 
which  was  manifested;  aggravated  by 
the  harsh  treatment  of  her  brothers,  she 
was  forced  to  take  refuge  with  an  aunt 
on  her  mother's  side.  Her  aunt  took 
her  to  Constantinople,  about  the  year 
420,  and  the  princess  made  the  Pul- 
cheria  acquainted  with  her  situation. 
This  princess,  struck  with  her  singular 
beauty,  learning,  and  modesty,  found 
means  of  making  the  admirable  qualities 
of  her  protege  kno^\Ti  to  her  brother, 
Theodoricus,  surnamed  the  Young.  To 
him,  Athenais  was  soon  married,  and 
was  acknowledged  empress  of  the  east. 


190  BIOGRAPHY. 

in  422.  Before  her  marriage,  she  em- 
braced Christianity,  the  spirit  of  which 
she  exercised  toward  her  brothers.  On 
hearing  of  her  good  fortune,  they  fled ; 
but  she  caused  them  to  be  brought  to 
Constantinople  ;  obtained  their  forgive- 
ness of  the  emperor,  and  their  elevations 
to  honor  and  trust.  "  I  regard  you,"  said 
she,  "  as  the  instrument  of  my  elevation. 
It  was  not  your  cruelty,  but  the'  hand  of 
Providence,  which  brought  me  here  to 
raise  me  to  the  throne." 

Arrayed  in  the  imperial  purple,  she 
still  cultivated  her  studies,  and  in  every 
department  of  the  sciences  then  known, 
was  thought  to  equal  any  philosopher  of 
the  other  sex.  Her  poems  were  the  ad- 
miration of  her  own  and  succeeding  ages. 
She  translated  into  verse  the  Pentateuch, 
Joshua,  Judges,  Puth,  together  with  the 
prophecies  of  Daniel  and  Zechariah.  The 
learned  Photius   speaks  highly  both  of 


BIOGRAPHY.  191 

the  merit  of  the  poetry,  and  of  the  fidel- 
ity of  the  translations ;  so  that  her  name 
was  ranked  among  theologians,  as  well 
as  among  the  literati ;  and  this,  while  at 
the  head  of  a  magnificent  court. 

Anthony,  (Susanna)  an  eminently 
pious  female,  of  Newport,  Rhode  Island, 
was  born  in  1726,  and  died  June  23d, 
1791,  aged  sixty-four  years.  Her  parents 
were  Quakers.  Dr.  Hopkins  published 
the  memoirs  of  her  life,  consisting  chiefly 
of  extracts  from  her  writings,  of  which 
there  was  a  second  edition  in  1810.  She 
devoted  herself  chiefly  to  prayer. — Allen. 

Scougal,  (Henry)  some  time  professor 
of  divinity  in  the  University  of  Aberdeen, 
was  a  divine  of  the  Episcopal  church  of 
Scotland,  in  the  seventeenth  century. 
He  was  educated  in  the  university  of  St. 
Andrews.     In  1673,  he  was  presented  by 


192  BIOGRAPHY. 

his  college  to  a  living,  but  recalled  the 
following  year,  and  made  professor  of 
theology.  His  great  exertions,  both  in 
this  capacity,  and  as  a  preacher,  threw 
him  into  a  consumption,  and  he  died, 
greatly  lamented,  in  1678,  at  the  early 
age  of  twenty-eight.  Dr.  Doddridge  says, 
"  He  was  a  writer  of  the  first  rank, 
though  he  wrote  but  little.  Every  page 
abounds  with  noble  and  proper  thought, 
clothed  with  a  decent  eloquence,  suited 
to  the  subject.  He  appears  to  be  the 
best  model  of  all  his  class.  His  '  Life  of 
God  in  the  Soul  of  Man,'  and  '  Sermons,' 
should  be  often  read.  His  early  death 
at  the  age  of  twenty-eight,  was  an  un- 
speakable loss  to  the  world." — Ency. 


MISCELLANEOUS.  193 


CHAPTER    XVIII. 

MISCELLANBOnS. 

Quakers,  or  Friends ;  a  body  of  Christ- 
ians which,  took  its  rise  in  England, 
about  the  middle  of  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury,  and  rapidly  found  its  way  into 
other  countries  in  Europe,  and  into  the 
English  settlements  in  ISTorth  America. 
After  the  society  was  formed,  they  as- 
sumed the  appellation  of  Friends.  Geo. 
Fox  is  supposed  to  be  their  first  founder, 
but  after  the  restoration,  Penn  and  Bar- 
clay gave  to  their  principles  a  more  regu- 
lar form.  The  doctrines  of  the  society 
have  been  variously  represented ;  but  ac- 
cording to  Penn,  they  believe  in  the 
Trinity  of  the  Father,  Word,  and  Spirit, 

agreeably  to  the  Scripture.     In  reply  to 
17 


194  MISCELLANEOUS. 

the  charge  that  they  deny  Christ  to  be 
God,  Penn  says  that  is  a  most  untrue 
and  uncharitable  censure ;  that  they 
truly  and  expressly  own  him  to  be  so 
according  to  the  Scripture.  To  the  ob- 
jection that  they  deny  the  human  nature 
of  Christ,  he  answers,  "We  never  taught, 
said  or  held  so  gross  a  thing,  but  believe 
him  to  be  truly  and  properly  man  like 
us,  sin  only  excepted."  The  doctrines  of 
the  fall,  and  the  redemption  by  Christ, 
are  according  to  him  believed  by  them ; 
and  he  firmly  declares,  "  That  they  own 
Jesus  Christ  as  their  sacrifice,  atone- 
ment, and  propitiation."  Their  honora- 
ble elder,  George  Fox,  says,  "  We  agree 
with  other  j)i'ofessors  of  the  Christian 
name,  in  the  belief  of  one  eternal  God, 
the  Creator  and  Preserver  of  the  uni- 
verse ;  and  in  Jesus  Christ,  his  Son,  the 
Messiah,  and  Mediator  of  the  new  cov- 
enant.    Heb.  12:    24. 


MISCELLANEOUS.  195 

Preshyterian  Churches  in  the  United  States. 

This  denomination  is  to  be  considered 
as  the  offspring  of  the  church  of  Scot- 
land. It  commenced  its  organized  exist- 
ence in  the  American  colonies  about  the 
beginning  of  the  eighteenth  century. 
The  ministers  of  whom  we  first  hear  as 
preaching  and  laying  the  foundation  of 
churches,  were  the  Rev.  Francis  M'- 
Kemie,  and  the  Bev.  John  Hamton;  the 
former  from  the  north  of  Ireland,  the 
latter  from  Scotland.  These  gentlemen 
appear  to  have  been  sent  to  this  country 
by  a  respectable  body  of  pious  dissenters 
in  the  city  of  London,  for  the  purpose  of 
preaching  the  gospel  in  the  middle  and 
southern  colonies.  They  came  in  1699, 
and  fixed  their  residence  on  the  eastern 
shore  of  Virginia,  near  the  boarders  of 
Maryland,  and  went  preaching  in  every 
direction,  as  the  disposition  of  the  people, 


196  MISCELLANEOUS. 

or  other  circumstances,  invited  their 
evangelical  labors.  The  Quakers  of 
Pennsylvania  were  disposed  to  open  their 
arms  to  all  denominations  of  professing 
Christians,  who  might  be  inclined  to 
settle  among  them.  And  the  Koman 
Catholics  of  Maryland,  being  colonized 
under  a  charter  which  compelled  them  to 
exercise  universal  toleration  toward  pro- 
testant  sects,  also  afforded  an  asylum  to 
Presbyterians  flying  from  persecution  on 
the  other  side  of  the  Atlantic.  It  was 
on  account  of  these  circumstances  that 
Pennsylvania  and  Maryland  were  select- 
ed as  the  first  seats  of  Presbyterian 
enterprise  and  organization.  So  far  as 
is  now  known,  the  first  Presbyterian 
church  that  was  organized,  and  furnished 
with  a  place  of  worship,  in  the  American 
colonies,  was  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia. 
This  took  place  about  the  year  1703. 


MISCELLANEOUS.  197 

Free-  Will  Baptists.  In  North  America, 
in  the  year  1780,  the  first  church  of  this 
denomination  was  organized  at  New  Dur- 
ham, N.  H.,  under  the  pastoral  charge  of 
Elder  Benjamin  Eandall.  They  have 
since  spread  in  various  parts  of  the  coun- 
try, and  now  have  churches  in  twelve 
difierent  states,  and  in  the  Canadas.  In 
January,  1844,  there  were  eight  yearly 
meetings,  and  forty-six  quarterly  meet- 
ings, and  including  about  three  thousand 
general  Baptists,  in  North  Carolina,  who 
have  taken  the  name  of  Free- Will  Bap- 
tists; about  seven  hundred  churches,  five 
hundred  and  sixty  preachers,  and  thirty 
thousand  five  hundred  communicants. 

Metliodist  E.  Church  in  the  United  States. 

The  first  Methodist  Class  in  America, 
was  formed  in  the  city  of  New  York,  by 
Phillip  Embury,  in  1766.     The  commu- 

17* 


198  MISCELLANEOUS. 

nity,  however,  arising  out  of  the  labors 
of  Mr.  Wesley,  and  some  early  preachers, 
was  not  regularly  formed  till  1784 ; 
when  Dr.  Coke,  a  presbyter  of  the  church 
of  England,  having  been  ordained,  was 
sent  out  in  the  capacity  of  superintend- 
ent of  the  Methodist  Society  in  America. 
The  highly  respectable  Methodist  soci- 
ety in  Dover,  was  incorporated  in  1819. 

XJniversalists.  The  great  distinguishing 
characteristic  of  this  class  of  Christians, 
is  their  belief  in  the  final  holiness  and 
happiness  of  the  whole  human  family. 
Some  of  them  believe  that  all  punish- 
ment for  sin  is  endured  in  the  present 
state  of  existence,  while  others  believe  it 
extends  into  the  future  life ;  but  all 
agree  that  it  is  administered  in  a  spirit 
of  kindness,  is  intended  for  the  good  of 
those  who  experience  it,  and  that  it  will 
finally  terminate  and  be  succeeded  by  a 


MISCELLANEOUS.  199 

state  of  perfect  and  endless  holiness  and 
happiness. 

I  would  now  speak  of  the  renowned 
society  called  Friends. 

At  an  early  age,  my  lot  was  cast  with 
the  people  called  Friends,  or  Quakers. 
But  to  my  mind  the  name  of  Friends  is 
much  more  congenial ;  for  friends  indeed 
they  generally  prove  themselves  to  be,  to 
all  who  are  in  need  of  succor  or  sympa- 
thy. In  all  their  dealings  with  their 
fellow-men,  they  have  ever  manifested 
the  good  feelings,  and  gracious  spirit 
that  William  Penn  possessed  when  he 
made  his  treaty  with  the  Indians.  "  We 
meet,"  '  said  William,  "  on  the  broad 
ground  of  faith  and  good  will.  No  ad- 
vantage shall  be  taken  on  either  side, 
but  all  shall  be  openness  and  love.  I 
will  not  call  you  children,  for  parents 
sometimes  chide  their  children  too  severe- 


200  MISCELLANEOUS. 

ly ;  nor  brothers  only,  for  brothers  some- 
times differ.  The  friendship  between  you 
and  me  I  will  not  compare  to  a  chain, 
for  that  the  rains  might  rust,  or  the  falling 
tree  break.  We  are  the  same  as  if  one 
man's  body  were  divided  into  two  parts, 
we  are  all  one  flesh  and  blood."  This 
kind  feeling  has  ever  been  cherished  by 
the  denomination  of  Friends,  from  that 
day  to  the  present,  towards  all  with 
whom  they  have  had  intercourse.  I  may 
add  there  are  those  of  this  worthy  ap- 
pellation in  this  region.  They  are  always 
famed  for  their  hospitality.  A  poor  man 
in  need  of  food  or  clothing,  is  never  sent 
empty  away.  Of  this  I  have  seen  many 
striking  proofs.  Nor  do  they  give  nig- 
gardly or  grudgingly,  or  of  the  poorest  of 
their  substance.  And  what  makes  their 
giving  more  commendable,  is,  they  give 
to  all  who  are  needy.  The  author  while 
soliciting  patronage  for  the   publication 


MISCELLANEOUS.  201 

of  these  adventures,  has  not  only  found 
the  Friends  ready  to  subscribe,  but  in 
some  instances  willing  to  pay  in  advance, 
and  add,  "  Should  any  thing  happen  the 
books  should  fail,  thee  is  welcome  to  the 
money;  and  if  thee  lack,  call  again."  No 
denomination  has  stood  the  test  of  time 
longer  or  with  better  grace  than  that  of 
the  Friends. 

Temperance  ;  that  virtue  which  a  man 
is  said  to  possess  who  moderates  and  re- 
strains his  sensual  appetite.  It  is  often 
however,  in  a  much  more  general  sense, 
as  synonymous  with  moderation,  and  is 
applied  indiscriminately  to  all  the  pas- 
sions. "  Temperance,"  says  Addison, 
"has  those  particular  advantages  above 
all  other  means  of  health,  that  it  may  be 
practiced  by  all  ranks  and  conditions,  at 
all  seasons  or  in  any  place.  It  is  a  kind  of 
regimen  into  which  every  man  may  put 


202  MISCELLANEOUS. 

himself  without  interruption  to  business, 
expense  of  money,  or  loss  of  time.  Water 
drinkers  have  better  teeth,  better  stom- 
achs, and  better  appetites,  than  those 
who  make  use  of  stimulating  drinks. 
Their  minds  are  more  clear  and  capable 
of  greater  efforts."  AVhile  Sir  Isaac  New- 
ton was  writing  his  celebrated  treatise  on 
optics,  he  drank  nothing  but  water.  John 
Locke,  that  mighty  giant  in  intellect, 
made  water  his  common  drink.  He  had 
a  very  feeble  constitution,  and  was  afflict- 
ed with  the  asthma ;  yet  he  lived  seventy- 
three  years.  Cold  water  cools,  thins  and 
clears  the  blood ;  it  keeps  the  stomach, 
head,  and  nerves  in  order ;  it  produces  an 
equilibrium  of  animal  spirits,  and  pro- 
motes tranquillity,  serenity,  and  cheerful- 
ness. 

Idleness  ;   a  reluctancy  to  be  employed 
in  any  kind  of  work.     The  idle  man  is 


MISCELLANEOUS.  203 

in  every  view,  both  foolish  and  criminal. 
He  neither  lives  to  God,  to  the  world, 
nor  himself.  He  does  not  live  to  God, 
for  he  answers  not  the  end  for  which  he 
was  brought  into  being.  Existence  is  a 
sacred  trust,  but  he  who  misemploys,  and 
squanders  it  away,  thus  becomes  treach- 
erous to  its  Author.  Those  powers  which 
should  be  employed  in  his  service,  and 
for  the  promotion  of  his  glory,  lie  dor- 
mant ;  the  time  which  should  be  sacred 
to  Jehovah,  is  lost,  and  thus  he  enjoys 
no  fellowship  with  God,  nor  any  way  de- 
votes himself  to  his  praise.  He  lives  not 
to  the  world,  nor  for  the  benefit  of  his 
fellow-creatures  around  him;  while  all 
creation  is  full  of  life  and  activity,  and 
nothing  stands  still  in  the  universe,  he 
remains  idle,  forgetting  that  mankind  are 
connected  by  various  relations,  and  mu- 
tual dependence,  and  that  the  order  of 
the  world  cannot  be  maintained  without 


204  MISCELLANEOUS. 

perpetual    circulation    of   active   duties. 
He  lives  not  to  himself;    though  he  im- 
agines he  leaves  to  others  the  drudgery 
of  labor,  and  betakes  himself  to  enjoy- 
ment and  ease ;  yet  in  fact  he  has  no  true 
pleasure.   "While  he  is  a  blank  in  society, 
he  is  no  less  a  torment  to  himself,  for  he 
who  knows  not  what  it  is  to  labor,  knows 
not  what  it  is  to  enjoy  life.     He  shuts 
the  door  against  improvement  of  every 
kind,  whether  of  body,  mind  or  fortune. 
Sloth  enfeebles  equally   the   bodily  and 
mental  powers.     His  character  falls  into 
contempt ;    disorder,    confusion  and   em- 
barrassment,  mark  his  whole   situation. 
Idleness  is  the  inlet  to  a  variety  of  other 
vices,  it  undermines  every  virtue  in  the 
soul;  violent  passions  like  rapid  torrents, 
run  through  their  course ;    but  after  hav- 
ing overflowed  their  banks,  their  impetu- 
osity subsides ;  but  sloth,  especially  when 
it  is  habitual,  is  like  the  slowly  flowing 


MISCELLANEOUS.  205 

putrid  stream  which,  stagnates  in  the 
marsh,  breeds  venomous  animals  and 
poisonous  plants,  and  infests  with  pesti- 
lential vapors,  the  whole  country  round ; 
it  having  once  tainted  the  soil,  it  leaves 
no  part  of  it  sound,  and  at  the  same  time 
gives  not  those  alarms  to  conscience 
which  the  eruptions  of  bolder  and  fiercer 
emotions  often  occasion. 

Friendship,  is  the  state  of  minds  united 
by  mutual  affection,  and  abounding  in 
acts  of  reciprocal  kindness.  "  To  live  in 
friendship,"  says  a  heathen  writer,  "  is  to 
have  the  same  desires  and  the  same  aver- 
sions." So  many  qualities,  indeed,  are 
requisite  to  the  possibility  of  friendship 
among  men,  and  so  many  favorable  cir- 
cumstances must  concur  to  its  rise  and 
continuance,  that  the  greatest  part  of 
mankind  content  themselves  without  it, 

and  supply  its  place  as  they  can  with 

IS 


206  MISCELLANEOUS. 

interest  and  dependence.  The  generality 
of  mankind  are  unqualified  for  a  con- 
stant and  warm  interchange  of  benevo- 
lence, as  indeed  they  are  incapacitated 
for  any  other  elevated  excellence,  by 
perpetual  attention  to  their  own  interest, 
and  unresisting  subjection  to  their  de- 
jjraved  passions.  An  inveterate  selfish- 
ness predominates  in  their  mind,  and  all 
their  actions  are  tainted  with  a  sordid 
love  of  gain.  But  there  are  many  varie- 
ties of  disposition,  as  well  as  this  hate- 
ful and  confirmed  corruption,  that  ex- 
clude friendship  from  the  heart.  Some 
persons  are  ardent  enough  in  their  be- 
nevolence, are  constitutionally  mutable 
and  uncertain,  soon  attracted  by  new 
objects,  disgusted  without  offence,  and 
alienated  without  enmity.  Others  are 
soft  and  flexible ;  easily  influenced  by 
reports  and  whispers,  ready  to  catch 
alarms  from  every  dubious  circumstance, 


MISCELLANEOUS.  207 

and' to  listen  to  every  suspicion  wliich 
envy  or  flattery  may  suggest.  Some  are 
impatient  of  contradiction,  more  willing 
to  go  wrong  by  their  own  judgment, 
than  to  be  indebted  for  a  better  and  safer 
way  to  the  sagacity  of  another.  Too 
many  are  dark  and  involved,  anxious  to 
conceal  their  purposes,  and  pleased  when 
they  can  show  their  design  only  in  its 
execution.  Some  are  universally  com- 
municative, alike  open  to  every  eye,  and 
equally  profuse  of  then:  own  secrets  and 
those  of  others,  without  the  necessary 
vigilance  of  caution,  ready  to  accuse 
without  malice,  and  to  betray  without 
treachery.  Each  of  these  is  unfit  for 
close  and  tender  intimacy.  He  cannot 
properly  be  chosen  for  a  friend,  whose 
kindness  is  exhaled  by  its  own  warmth, 
or  frozen  by  the  first  blast  of  slander; 
nor  can  he  be  a  useful  counselor,  who 
will  hear  no  opinion  but  his  own ;   that 


208  MISCELLANEOUS. 

man  will  not  much  invite  confidence 
whose  principal  maxim  is  to  suspect ;  nor 
can  his  candor  and  frankness  be  much 
esteemed,  who  makes  every  man  without 
distinction,  a  denizen  of  his  bosom. 

Retirement  is  the  state  of  a  person  who 
quits  public  station,  in  order  to  be  alone. 
Retirement  is  of  great  advantage  to  a 
wise  man ;  to  him  "  the  hour  of  solitude 
is  the  hour  of  meditation."  He  com- 
munes with  his  own  heart;  he  reviews  the 
actions  of  his  past  life  ;  he  corrects  what 
is  amiss;  he  rejoices  in  what  is  right; 
and  wiser  by  experience,  lays  the  plan  of 
his  future  life.  The  great  and  the  noble, 
the  wise  and  the  learned,  the  pious  and 
the  good,  have  been  lovers  of  serious  re- 
tirement. On  the  field,  the  patriot  forms 
his  schemes ;  the  philosopher  pursues  his 
discoveries,  the  saint  improves  himself  in 
wisdom  and  good.     Solitude  is  the  hal- 


MISCELLANEOUS.  209 

lowed  ground  which  religion,  in  every 
age,  has  adapted  as  its  own.  There  her 
sacred  inspirations  are  felt,  and  her  holy- 
mysteries  elevate  the  soul;  there  devo- 
tion lifts  up  the  voice,  there  falls  the 
tear  of  contrition,  there  the  heart  pours 
itself  forth  before  him  who  made  and 
him  who  redeemed  it.  Apart  from  men 
we  live  with  nature,  and  converse  with 
God. — JEkcy. 

Sorrow  is  uneasiness  or  grief,  arising 
from  the  privations  of  some  good  we 
actually  possessed.  It  is  the  opposite  to 
joy;  though  sorrow  may  be  allowable 
under  a  sense  of  sin,  and  when  involved 
in  troubles,  yet  we  must  beware  of  an 
extreme.  In  order  to  moderate  our  sor- 
row, we  should  consider  that  we  are 
under  the  direction  of  a  wise  and  merci- 
ful Being;    that  he  permits   no  e^-il  to 

come  upon  us  without  a  gracious  design ; 
18* 


210  MISCELLANEOUS. 

that  he  can  make  our  troubles  sources  of 
spiritual  advantage ;  that  he  might  have 
afflicted  us  in  a  far  greater  degree  ;  that 
though  he  has  taken  some,  yet  he  has 
left  many  other  comforts ;  that  he  has 
given  many  promises  of  relief;  that  he 
has  supported  thousands  in  as  great 
troubles  as  ours;  finally,  that  the  time 
is  coming  when  he  will  wipe  away  all 
tears,  and  give  to  them  that  love  him  a 
"  crown  of  glory  that  fadeth  not  away." 

Religious  Education.  "  Fathers,"  says 
the  apostle,  (Eph.  6:  4,)  "  bring  up  your 
children  in  the  nurture  and  admonition 
of  the  Lord."  "  This,  surely,"  says  Mr. 
Buckminster,  "can  be  interpreted  as 
nothing  less  than  a  precept  for  the  relig- 
ious education  of  those  committed  to 
their  care.  If  any  thing  should  be 
taught  soon,  it  is  certainly  that  which 
ought  never  to  be  forgotten.     The  earli- 


MISCELLANEOUS.  2H 

est  age  is  that  whicli  imbibes  the  most 
copiously,  and  retains  the  longest.  If 
then  we  would  succeed  in  training  up 
children  iu  the  nurture  and  admonition 
of  the  Lord,  we  must  begin  before  the 
heart  is  hardened  by  prejudices,  or  pollu- 
ted with  vice.  The  first  light  which 
strikes  them  should  be  the  light  of  hea- 
ven. The  mind  will  be  pre-occupied  if 
the  parent  is  a  moment  idle.  The  mind 
of  a  child  cannot  be  shut  up  until  he  is 
ready  to  furnish  it ;  and  though  it  is 
hard  to  make  them  learn,  it  will  be 
found  still  harder  to  make  them  forget 
what  they  should. not  have  received." — 
Sketches. 

Christian  Fortitude  is  necessary  to  vig- 
ilance, patience,  self-denial,  and  perse- 
verance ;  and  is  requisite  under  afiliction, 
temptation,  persecution,  desertion,  and 
death.     The   noble  cause   in  which  the 


212  MISCELLANEOUS. 

Christian  is  engaged,  the  glorious  Master 
whom  he  serves,  the  provision  that  is 
made  for  his  security,  the  illustrious  ex- 
amples set  before  him,  the  approbation  of 
a  good  conscience,  and  the  grand  pros- 
pect he  has  in  view,  are  all  powerful 
motives  to  the  exercise  of  this  grace. — 
Watts'  Sermon. 

Generosity ;  the  disposition  which 
prompts  us  to  bestow  favors  which  are 
not  the  purchase  of  any  particular  merit. 
It  is  different  from  humanity.  Human- 
ity is  that  exquisite  feeling  we  possess  in 
relation  to  others,  so  as  to  grieve  for 
their  sufferings,  resent  their  injuries,  or 
rejoice  at  their  prosperity;  and  as  it 
arises  from  sympathy,  it  requires  no 
great  self-denial,  or  self-command;  but 
generosity  is  that  by  which  we  are  led  to 
prefer  some  other  person  to  ourselves, 
and  to  sacrifice  any  interest  of  our  own 


MISCELLANEOUS.  21S 

to  the  interest  of  another.  Generosity  is 
peculiarly  amiable  when  it  is  spontane- 
ous and  unsolicited  ;  when  it  is  disinter- 
ested, and  when,  in  the  distribution  of 
its  benefits,  it  consults  the  best  season 
and  manner  in  conferring  them. — Hend. 
Buck. 

Filial  Piety  is  the  affectionate  attach- 
ment of  children  to  their  parents,  in- 
cluding in  it  love,  reverence,  obedience, 
and  relief.  Justly  has  it  been  observed, 
that  those  great  duties  are  prompted 
equally  by  nature  and  gratitude;  indis- 
pensable are  the  injunctions  of  religion, 
for  where  shall  we  find  the  person  who 
hath  received  from  any  one  benefits  so 
great  or  so  many,  as  children  from  their 
parents?  And  it  may  be  truly  said,  if 
persons  are  undutiful  to  their  parents, 
they  seldom  prove  good  to  any  other 
relation. 


214  MISCELLANEOUS. 

"  In  educating  youth,"  says  Madam 
Beaumont,  "  it  is  absolutely  necessary  in 
forming  their  young  minds  to  virtue, 
never  to  separate  religion  and  reason  ; 
one  must  be  dependent  on  the  other ;  for 
the  support  of  which,  it  is  of  the  utmost 
importance  to  study  the  Holy  Scriptures, 
which  are  alone  capable  of  inspiring  us 
with  a  just  idea  of  the  eternal  Being,  the 
recompenser  of  virtue,  and  the  avenger  of 
crimes." 

Debate  ;  to  dispute.  A  man  ought  to 
debate  his  cause  with  his  neighbor ;  he 
ought  privately  and  meekly  to  reason  the 
point  of  difference  between  them.  Prov. 
25 :  9.  God  debates  in  measure  with 
his  people,  when  he  reproves  and  cor- 
rects them,  as  they  are  able  to  bear  it. 
Isa.  27:  8.  Debate  signifies  contention, 
especially  in  words.  Romans  1 :  29. — 
Brown. 


MISCELLANEOUS.  215 

Ejaculation  ;  a  short  prayer,  in  wliicli 
the  mind  is  directed  to  God  on  any 
emergency. 

Equity,  is  that  exact  mle  of  righteous- 
ness or  justice  which  is  to  be  observed 
between  man  and  man.  Our  Lord  beau- 
tifully and  comprehensively  expresses  it 
in  these  words :  "  All  things  whatsoever 
ye  would  that  men  should  do  imto  you, 
do  ye  even  so  to  them,  for  this  is  the  law 
and  the  prophets."  Matt.  7:  12.  "This 
golden  rule,"  says  Dr.  Watts,  "  has  many 
excellent  properties  in  it;  first  it  is  a 
rule  that  is  easy  to  be  understood,  and 
easy  to  be  applied  by  the  meanest  and 
weakest  understanding.  Isaiah  35:  8. 
Secondly,  it  is  a  very  short  rule,  and 
easy  to  be  remembered." 

Mind;  a  thinking,  intelligent  being; 
otherwise    called    spirit   or    soul.       Dr. 


216  MISCELLANEOUS. 

Watts  has  given  us  some  admirable 
thoughts  as  to  the  improvement  of  the 
mind.  "  There  are  five  eminent  means 
or  methods,"  he  observes,  "  whereby  the 
mind  is  improved  in  the  knowledge  of 
things  ;  and  these  are,  observation,  read- 
ing, instruction  by  lectures,  conversation, 
and  meditation,  which  last  in  a  most 
peculiar  manner,  is  called  study." — See 
Locke.    . 

Abuse  ;  to  use  things  or  persons  from 
wrong  motives,  to  wrong  ends,  in  a  sin- 
ful or  dishonorable  manner.  Judges  19  : 
25.  Children  abuse  their  parents,  when 
by  disobedience  of  any  kind,  or  by  neg- 
lecting to  support  or  comfort  them,  they 
shorten  or  embitter  their  existence.  Men 
abuse  the  world  when  they  use  the  good 
things  of  it  to  dishonor  God,  and  gratify 
their  own  lust,  forgetful  of  eternity.  1 
Cor.  17:    31. 


MISCELLANEOUS.  217 

Censure  ;  the  act  of  judging  and  blam- 
ing others  for  their  faults.  Faithfulness 
in  reproving  another  differs  from  censori- 
qusness ;  the  former  arises  from  love  to 
truth,  and  respect  for  the  person;  the 
latter  is  a  disposition  that  loves  to  find 
fault.  However,  just  censure  may  be 
where  there  is  blame,  yet  a  censorious 
spirit,  or  rash  judging,  must  be  avoided. 
It  is  usurping  the  authority  and  judg- 
ment of  God.  It  is  unjust,  uncharitable, 
mischievous,  productive  of  unhappiness 
to  ourselves,  and  often  the  cause  of  disor- 
der and  confusion  in  society. — See  Rash 
Judging. 

Anxiety ;  intense  solicitude,  the  ex- 
treme of  care.  Solicitude  and  anxiety  as 
habits  of  the  mind  in  relation  to  worldly 
things,  and  especially  to  providential 
events  yet  future ;  are  irreconcilable  with 
the  faith  of  a  Christian  which  requires 

19 


218  MISCELLANEOUS. 

him  to  cast  all  his  burdens  on  the  Lord. 
The  charge  of  our  Saviour,  Matthew  6 : 
25 — 34,  literally  rendered,  is:  Be  not 
anxious  about  your  life,  indulge  no  anx- 
iety respecting  the  morrow,  for  sufficient 
unto  the  day  is  the  evil  thereof. 

Pride  is  inordinate  and  unreasonable 
self-esteem,  attended  with  insolence,  and 
rude  treatment  of  others.  Pride  mani- 
fests itself  in  various  ways.  The  evil 
effects  of  pride  are  beyond  computation  ; 
to  suppress  this  evil,  we  should  consider 
what  we  are.  "  If  we  could  trace  our 
descents,"  says  Seneca,  "  we  should  find 
all  slaves  to  come  from  princes,  and  all 
princes  from  slaves." 

Integrity ;  purity  of  mind,  free  from 
any  undue  bias  or  principle.  Prov.  11 : 
3.  Many  hold  that  a  certain  artful  sa- 
gacity, founded  upon  knowledge  of  the 


MISCELLANEOUS.  2l9 

world,  is  the  best  conductor  of  every  one 
who  would  be  a  successful  adventurer  in 
life ;  and  that  a  strict  attention  to  integ- 
rity, would  lead  them  into  danger  and 
distress.  But  into  this,  it  is  justly  ob- 
served, first,  that  the  guidance  of  integ- 
rity is  the  safest  under  which  we  can  be 
placed ;  that  the  road  in  which  it  leads 
U3  in,  upon  the  whole,  is  freest  from 
danger.  Pro  v.  3:  21.  Secondly,  it  is 
unquestionably  the  most  honorable;  for 
integrity  is  the  foundation  of  all  that  is 
high  in  character  among  mankind.  Prov, 
4 :  8.  Thirdly,  it  is  the  most  conducive 
to  felicity,  such  a  character  can  look 
forward  to  eternity  without  dismay.  Ro- 
mans 2:7. 

Contention,  is  either  sinful,  when  with 
carnal  affection  we  strive  with  one  anoth- 
er. Prov.  13  :  10.  Or  lawful  when  we 
eagerly  promote  that  which  is  good,  not- 


220  MISCELLANEOUS. 

withstanding  great  opposition.  1  Thess. 
2 :  2.  We  contend  earnestly  for  the 
faith,  when  notwithstanding  manifold 
suffering  and  danger,  we  are  strong  in 
the  faith  of  God's  truth  contained  in  his 
word;  zealously  profess  and  practice  it, 
and  excite  others  to  do  so,  and  exert  our- 
selves to  prevent  the  censure  of  scandal- 
ous and  heretical  persons.     Jude  2. 

Pity  is  generally  defined  to  be  the 
uneasiness  we  feel  at  the  unhappiness  of 
others,  prompting  us  to  compassionate 
them,  with  a  desire  of  their  relief.  God 
is  said  to  pity  them  that  fear  him,  as  a 
father  piteth  his  children.  "  The  father," 
says  Mr.  Henry,  "  pities  his  children  that 
are  weak  in  knowledge,  and  instructs 
them;  pities  them  when  they  are  fro- 
ward,  and  bears  with  them  ;  pities  them 
when  they  are  sick,  and  comforts  them 
(Isa.  66:  13,)  when  they  are  fallen,  and 


MISCELLANEOUS.  221 

helps  them  up  again  when  they  have 
offended,  and  forgives  them  when  they 
are  wrong,  and  rights  them.  Thus  the 
Lord  pitieth  them  that  fear  him.  Psalm 
103:  13. 

«  The  Epistle  of  Paul  to  the  Romans," 
says  Dr.  Macknight,  "  which  for  sublim- 
ity and  truth  of  sentiment,  for  brevity 
and  strength  of  expression,  for  regularity 
in  its  structure,  but  above  all  for  the  un- 
speakable importance  of  the  discoveries 
which  it  contains,  stands  unrivaled  by 
any  mere  human  composition,  and  as  far 
exceeds  the  most  celebrated  production  of 
the  learned  Greeks  and  Romans,  as  the 
shining  of  the  sun  exceeds  the  twinkling 
of  the  stars." 

This  Epistle  was  written  a.  d.  57,  or 
58,  in  Corinth. 

A   selection   of  miscellaneous  articles 

19* 


222  MISCELLANEOUS. 

and  select  sentences,  treasured  np  from 
time  to  time,  by  the  writer : 

Truth  is  immortal,  no  fragment  of  it 
ever  dies. 

The  happiness  of  heaven  must  consist 
in  loving  and  giving. 

Up  to  heaven's  gate  in  theory,  down  in 
earth's  dust  in  practice. 

The  world  will  still  roll  on  in  its  own 
orbit,  around  the  sun,  and  the  puny,  tiny 
insects  that  are  now  buzzing  about  here, 
will  aU  pass  off,  and  be  gone. 

Sleep  is  the  dearest  solace  of  the 
wretched. 

The  heart  of  the  ambitious  is  like  the 
sea ;  always  exposed  to  the  storm,  always 
agitated  and  ruffled  by  the  slightest 
wind. 

The  tongue  is  a  wonderful  implement  ; 
every  one  has  it,  and  can  use  it.  Speak- 
ing the  truth  in  love  is  one  of  the  cheap- 
est and  best  ways  of  doing  good. 


MISCELLANEOUS.  223 

If  you  can  do  good  to-day,  defer  it  not 
till  tomorrow.  " 

The  excellency  of  many  discourses  con- 
sists in  their  brevity. 

A  wicked  man  may  be  considered  as 
dead  while  he  is  alive  ;  but  a  good  man 
lives  in  the  tomb. 

A  rich  man  who  is  not  liberal,  resem- 
bles a  tree  without  fruit. 

There  is  a  Providence  that  rules  all 
the  minute  things  in  nature. 

Adversity  tries  true  friendship. 

We  cannot  judge  of  the  merits  of  a 
subject,  which  we  make  personal. 

Open  reproaches  and  false  accusations 
wound  like  a  sword  in  close  fight. 
Secret  detraction  slays  like  an  arrow  shot 
from  a  distance,  or  one  concealed  from 
view.— JB.  P.  ^  Scott. 

Suspicion  cannot  live  before  perfect 
frankness. 


224  MISCELLANEOUS. 

Afflictions  often  enlighten  and  reprove, 
correct  and  purify. 

Love  for  love,  says  an  aged  divine,  is 
but  justice  and  gratitude.  Love  for  no 
love  is  favor  and  kindness.  But  love  for 
hatred  is  a  most  divine  temper ;  and  this 
is  the  temper  our  Saviour  represents 
when  he  tells  us  to  pray  for  our  ene- 
mies. 

What  consolation  would  there  be  to 
the  oppressed  if  they  were  not  permitted 
to  pray  1 

A  monk  once  said,  "  Work  is  wor- 
ship;" might  have  said,  Work  is  happi- 
ness or  pleasure.     . 

The  word  of  an  honest  man  is  evi- 
dence, without  an  oath. 

Heads  of  prayer,  by  the  excellent 
Matthew  Henry :  Adoration,  Confession, 
Supplication,  Thanksgiving,  and  Inter- 
cession. 


MISCELLANEOUS.  225 

A  few  lines  written  by  Luther,  to  a 
friend : 

"  Aged,  weary,  spiritless,  and  almost 
blind;  yet  I  have  as  much,  to  do  in 
writing,  preaching,  and  acting,  as  if  I 
had*  never  written,  nor  preached,  nor 
acted.  I  am  weary  of  the  world,  and  the 
world  is  weary  of  me.  The  parting  will 
be  easy,  like  that  of  a  guest  leaving  the 
inn.  I  pray  only  that  God  will  be  gra- 
cious to  me  in  my  last  hours,  and  I  shall 
quit  the  world  without  reluctance." 

"  Blessed  are  those  who  keep  the  com- 
mandments of  God  ;  they  shall  have  a 
right  to  the  tree  of  life.  Enter  in  through 
the  gates,  into  the  city,  and  go  no  more 
out  forever." 

An  eminent  lady  who  is  proverbial  for 
charitable  and  benevolent  deeds,  present- 
ed the  writer  a  number  of  bibles  and 


226  MISCELLANEOUS. 

testaments  for  the  benefit  of  visitors, 
while  keeping  the  New  Hampshire 
House. 

Ask  counsel  of  friends,  advice  of  neigh- 
bors, help  of  strangers,  relatives  nothing. 

Standing  above  the  great  cataract, 
Kossuth  said,  "Indeed,  Niagara  sur- 
passes my  expectations.  It  has  no  word, 
no  voice  to  describe  it;  it  baffles  the 
power  of  language." 

Always  treat  the  sentiments  of  benevo- 
lence with  attention,  let  them  be  ever  so 
uncouth. 

Imaginative  faculty  of  our  minds  is, 
while  kept  in  order,  a  great  blessing ;  but 
when  it  falls  into  disorder,  it  is  a  great 
evil. 

Excitement  always  obscures  the 
senses. 


3IISCELLANE0US.  227 

Earth  has  no  sorrows  which  heaven 
cannot  kill. — Dr.  Potts. 

Time  is  the  great  restorer. 

O,  how  long  a  lesson  it  is  to  learn  the 
full  meaning  of  that  word,  Acquiesce; 
how  difficult  to  say  from  the  heart, 
"  Lord,  not  as  I  will,  but  as  Thou  wilt." 

The  memory  of  the  good  ought  to  be 
embalmed  in  the  hearts  of  the  poor. 

Practical  Observations.  (Luke,  chap. 
7.)  The  history  of  the  woman  that  was 
a  sinner  has  something  in  it  very  re- 
markable, and  instructs  us  in  the  nature 
of  true  repentance.  We  find  in  this 
woman,  a  pattern  of  great  humility.  "We 
see  here  with  how  much  goodness  the 
Saviour  receives  true  penitents  and  par- 
dons their  sins. 

Coming  of  the  Last  Bay.  (2  Peter, 
chaj).  3.)     This  chapter  treats  of  the  last 


228  MISCELLANEOUS. 

coming  of  Christ,  and  the  end  of  the 
world,  and  the  effects  which  this  doctrine 
ought  to  produce  in  us.  The  apostle 
Peter  tells  us  we  cannot  apply  ourselves 
with  too  great  earnestness  to  a  holy  life  ; 
so  as  not  to  be  surprised  by  that  day, 
but  to  be  then  found  without  spot  or 
blemish. 

May  we  have  the  gracious  spirit  of  the 
apostle,  when  he  said,  "  Having  food  and 
raiment,  let  us  be  content." 

A  funeral  discourse  preached  by  the 
Rev.  Elijah  Jones,  on  hearing  of  the  death 
of  that  celebrated  philanthropist,  Wm. 
Ladd,  Esq.,  a  resident  of  Minot,  who 
died  at  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  April  9th, 
1841.  It  was  an  interesting  discourse, 
and  a  just  character  to  the  great  and 
good  man.  2  Samuel,  3 :  38.  "  And 
the  king  said  unto  his  servants.  Know  ye 


MISCELLANEOUS.  229 

not  that  there  is  a  prince,  and  a  great 
man  fallen  this  day  in  Israel  V 

An  Appropriate  Text.  Rev.  R.  R. 
Greely,  chaplain  of  the  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives, U.  S.  A.,  preached  the  funeral 
sermon  of  Mr.  Adams,  Ex-President.  Job 
11:17.  "  And  thine  age  shall  be  clearer 
than  the  noon  day;  thou  shalt  shine 
forth,  thou  shalt  be  as  the  morning." 

These  words  were  spoken  by  a  godly 
Quakeress  when  presenting  some  articles 
of  clothing  to  a  poor  destitute  traveler, 
who  entered  her  domicil.  "  When  thou 
seest  any  one  in  distress,  and  it  is  in  thy 
power  to  relieve  him,  remember  he  is  thy 
brother." 

Favorite  Rules. 

1.  Never  put  off  till  tomorrow  what 
you  can  do  to-day. 

20 


230  MISCELLANEOUS. 

2.  Never  trouble  others  to  do  what 
you  can  do  yourself. 

3.  Never  spend  your  money  before 
you  have  it. 

4.  Never  buy  what  you  do  not  want, 
because  it  is  cheap. 

5.  Nothing  is  troublesome,  that  we 
do  willingly. 

6.  How  much  pains  those  evils  cost, 
that  never  happened. 

7.  Take  things  always  by  their 
smooth  handle. 

8.  When  angry,  count  ten  before  you 
speak,  if  very  angry,  one  hundred. 

9.  Never  waste  counsel  upon  those 
who  will  not  take  it. 

10.  I  think  implicit  confidence  with 
advice  given  ought  not  to  be  expected. 

Cruel.  The  tender  mercies  of  the 
wicked  are  cruel;  even  their  kindness 
ensnares  and  murders  men's  souls.    Prov. 


MISCELLANEOUS.  231 

12:  10.  To  breathe  out  cruelty  is  to 
utter  threatenings,  and  to  delight  in 
want  of  tender  sympathy,  and  in  doing 
mischief.     Ps.  27 :  12. 

"We  are  quite  indebted  to  the  amiable 
Miss  E.  Lord,  for  the  pretty  poetry  pre- 
sented. Miss  E.  Lord  is  a  teacher  in  the 
city,  and  an  interesting  young  lady. 

Here's  a  health  to  thee,  good  Boston, 

Fair  city  of  the  brave ! 
Long  may  the  flag  of  honor 

O'er  thee,  its  pinions  wave ; 
Long  may  the  well  of  knowledge 

Spring  forth  in  gushings  sweet, 
A  swelling  and  a  rising  flood, 

For  our  goodly  city  meet. 

There  are  kindly  hearts  within  thee, 

And  tones  of  love,  that  tell 
How  with  the  joys  of  brother  man. 

The  gen'rous  soul  will  swell ; 
How  the  grasping  hand  will  welcome 

The  hand  of  honest  toU, 
And  work  and  knowledge  mingle 

On  our  own  New  England  soil. 


232  MISCELLANEOUS. 

The  heart  is  ever  open ; 

The  hand  is  free  to  give, 
And  the  memory  of  the  gen'rous, 

In  grateful  hearts  "will  live. 
On  honor's  page  is  shining 

Full  many  a  worthy  name, 
"Wreath'd  with  the  glorious  circlet, 

Of  high  and  noble  fame. 

Souls  of  the  loved  and  honored, 

In  passing  from  the  sight, 
Ilave  left  upon  their  children 

Their  mantles,  glowing  bright 
With  gen'rous  love,  with  charity, 

With  ev'ry  high  desire, — . 
And  many  noble  sons  have  prov'd 

Eight  worthy  of  their  sire. 

We  are  proud  of  thee,  our  birthplace ! 

We're  proud  of  thee,  our  home ! 
We  could  not  find  a  fairer  land 

If  we  the  world  might  roam; 
Nor  kindlier  hearts,  nor  nobler  souls. 

O'er  all  this  beauteous  earth ; 
Thy  sons  are  worthy  of  their  land. 

The  land  of  freedom's  birth! 


MISCELLANEOUS.  233 

Female  Education. 

It  has  already  been  stated  that  the 
author  early  engaged  in  educating  the 
young,  and  the  proper  education  of  her 
own  sex  has  always  been  among  the  de- 
sires and  efforts  of  her  life.  Hence  she 
is  pleased  to  make,  in  this  place,  the  fol- 
lowing quotation,  upon  female  education, 
from  the  pen  of  Wm.  M.  Cornell,  M.  D. 

"  The  subject  of  female  education, 
within  the  memory  of  the  writer  (who 
has  not  yet  lived  half  a  century)  was  but 
little  thought  of.  Men,  and  women  too, 
who  would  strain  every  nerve,  and  en- 
dure great  privations  and  expense  to  edu- 
cate their  sons,  felt  no  necessity,  and  put 
forth  no  effort,  to  confer  educational  en- 
dowments upon  their  daughters.  It 
seemed,  in  the  language  of  the  learned 
and  facetious  Trumbull,  as  though 

'They  loved  Mahomet's  rules,  who  holds 
That  women  ne'er  were  born  with  souls,' 
20* 


234  MISCELLANEOUS. 

or  intellects  of  any  kind.  Even  clergy- 
men, civil  officers  and  professed  instruct- 
ors, were  all  in  this  condemnation.  But 
within  the  last  twenty-five  years,  a 
change,  much  for  the  better,  has  come 
over  the  community,  and  much  more  in 
keeping  with  the  Christian  religion.  In 
all  the  States  of  our  Union,  female  semi- 
naries have  been  reared,  richly  endowed, 
and  furnished  with  competent  teachers. 
These  have  arisen  through  private  muni- 
ficence. Also,  in  our  own  commonwealth 
(and  I  think  in  some  others)  the  public 
coffers  have  been  opened  for  this  same 
benevolent  purpose,  and  the  result  has 
been  the  establishment  of  Normal  schools 
for  the  thorough  literary  qualification  of 
female  teachers ;  and  those  who  have  had 
the  most  to  do  with  instruction  in  our 
public  schools,  have  been  convinced  that 
females  make  by  far  the  best  and  most 
successful  instructors  in  them;  especially 


MISCELLANEOUS.  235 

is  this  the  case  with  the  younger  portion, 
(which  is  much  the  larger)  of  the  pupils. 
It  is  the  opinion  of  many  of  the  lovers  of 
education,  that  it  would  be  preferable  to 
employ  female  teachers  to  males,  even  at 
the  same  salaries. 

"  The  enterprise  of  female  education, 
which  has  for  some  time  been  thus 
smiled  upon  by  private  benefaction,  and 
by  the  public  endowment  of  Normal 
schools,  has  recently  received  a  new  im- 
petus by  the  regular  chartering  of  liter- 
ary colleges  for  females  in  several  of  the 
States  of  the  Union,  of  which  there  is 
one  in  Georgia,  one  in  Missouri,  and  in 
several  other  States.  These  colleges 
have  all  the  endowments,  rights  and 
privileges  that  are  conferred  upon  the 
colleges  of  the  land  for  the  education  of 
young  men.  They  have  power,  and  ex- 
ercise it,  of  conferring  degrees  upon  all 
who  pursue  a  regular  course  of  study  for 


236  MISCELLANEOUS. 

three  years,  and  sustain  a  good  and  satis- 
factory examination  upon  the  branches 
authorized  and  required  to  be  studied  by 
the  faculty  of  such  colleges. 

"  This  is  as  it  should  be.  What  valid 
reason  can  be  advanced  against  if?  "With 
such  examples  of  eminent  women  as  have 
arisen  in  the  world,  it  is  quite  too  late  to 
attempt  to  maintain  that  females  are  as 
competent  to  attain  as  thorough,  and  as 
finished  an  education,  in  all  the  branches 
of  science  and  literature,  as  males.  The 
Moores,  and  Sigourneys,  and  multitudes 
of  others,  stand  up  in  fearful  array 
against  such  an  opinion." 

Memoir  of  Wm  M.  Cornell,  A.  M.,  M.  D. 

We  give  the  following  sketch  of  the 
life  of  a  particular  living  friend,  as  we 
doubt  not  our  readers  will  feel  deeply 
interested  in  one  who  has,  and  is  still 
accomplishing  much  good. 


MISCELLANEOUS.  237 

The  Rev.  William  M.  Cornell,  A.  M., 
M.  D.,  was  born  in  the  town  of  Berkley, 
Mass.,  October  16th,  1802.  He  prepared 
himself  for  college  by  his  own  efforts, 
and  without  aid  from  any  other  source. 
During  his  college  course,  he  supported 
himself  by  teaching  school.  He  became 
a  member  of  the  church  in  his  native 
town,  September  9th,  1823.  He  gradu- 
ated with  honors,  at  Brown  University, 
in  the  class  of  1827,  the  first  class  under 
president  "Wayland,  and  which  the  now 
venerable  president,  has  ever  character- 
ized as  "  his  Pioneers." 

He  studied  Theology  with  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Andros,  of  Berkley,  and  the  Rev. 
Timothy  Davis,  of  Wellfleet.  He  was 
licensed  to  preach,  October  29th,  1828, 
by  the  Barnstable  Association  of  Congre- 
gational ministers,  and  ordained  as  an 
Evangelist,  by  the  Piscataqua  Associa- 
tion, at   Exeter,   N.   H.,   January  19th, 


238  MISCELLANEOUS. 

1830.  He  was  installed  pastor  of  the 
first  church  in  Woodstock,  Conn.,  June 
15  th,  1831.  He  married  Miss  Emeline 
Augusta  Loud,  of  Weymouth,  Mass., 
January  18th,  1832.  He  resigned  his 
pastoral  charge  at  Woodstock,  August 
12th,  1834,  and  was  installed,  as  pastor 
of  the  Evangelical  Congregational  church 
in  Quiucy,  Mass.,  August  20th,  1834. 
He  resigned  the  pastoral  charge  of  this 
church,  on  account  of  the  failure  of  his 
health,  July  8th,  1839.  For  the  next 
three  years,  he  taught  a  family  boarding- 
school  in  Quincy,  which  was  very  popu- 
lar; receiving  pupils  from  a  great  dis- 
tance, even  from  Mobile  to  the  British 
Provinces.  He  removed  from  Quincy  to 
Boston,  ISTovember  15  th,  1842,  where  he 
taught  a  school  for  young  ladies,  one 
year.  He  then  completed  his  medical 
education,  and  received  the  Degree  of 
Doctor  in  Medicine,  from  the  Berkshire 


MISCELLANEOUS.  239 

Medical  Institution,  February  17th,  1845. 
Since  which  time,  he  has  been  in  the 
practice  of  medicine  in  Boston,  preaching 
occasionally,  as  health  would  admit,  and 
opportunity  offered. 

He  would  never  have  given  up  the 
active  duties  of  the  ministry,  had  he  not 
been  compelled  to  do  so  by  such  disease 
and  debility  of  the  vocal  organs,  as  abso- 
lutely prevented  him  from  speaking  in 
public  a  considerable  part  of  the  time. 
Since  he  has  been  a  practitioner  of  medi- 
cine, he  has  been  very  successful  in 
several  chronic  diseases,  such  as  nervous 
affections,  epilepsy,  and  diseases  of  the 
throat  and  lungs ;  often  receiving  patients 
and  being  called  to  visit  them  several 
hundred  miles.  A  book  might  be  filled 
with  the  letters  he  has  received  from 
patients  and  their  friends,  thanking  him 
for  the  good  he  has  been  the  instrument 
of  bestowing  upon  them.     Perhaps  no 


240  MISCELLANEOUS. 

one  who  has  begun  the  practice  of  medi- 
cine at  so  late  a  period  of  life,  has  had  a 
wider  practice,  or  one  attended  with  more 
success,  in  the  diseases  to  which  he  has 
given  special  attention. 

When  the  movement  was  made  both 
in  Boston  and  Philadelphia,  to  educate 
females  to  practice  in  obstetrics,  and  in 
diseases  of  their  own  sex,  he  viewed  it  as 
one  calculated  to  do  good,  by  opening  a 
wider  field  of  usefulness  to  women,  and 
keeping  those  who  were  not  qualified 
properly,  from  entering  upon  duties 
which  they  could  not  perform  under- 
standingly.  He  was  appointed  in  1852, 
professor  of  Physiology,  Hygiene  and 
Medical  Jurisprudence  in  the  F.  M.  Col- 
lege of  Pennsylvania,  a  regularly  chart- 
ered medical  college ;  and  also,  professor 
of  the  same  branches  in  the  N.  E.  F.  M. 
College.  In  1853,  he  wa§  unanimously 
elected,  by  the  trustees  and  corporation, 


MISCELLANEOUS.  241 

president  of  the  Penn.  Medical  Univer- 
sity, of  Philadelphia,  which  appointment 
he  did  not  accept. 

His  published  works  are  numerous, 
among  which  may  be  named  the  follow- 
ing :  "  A  Dedicatory  Address,  at  Har- 
wich, Mass.,"  as  early  as  1829.  "  A 
Sermon,  delivered  at  Quincy,"  "A  Funer- 
al Sermon  at  Stoughton,"  "  A  Grammar 
of  the  English  Language,"  "  Consump- 
tion Prevented,"  which  passed  through 
seven  editions  ;  "  Consumption  Treated," 
showing  its  curability  in  certain  cases ; 
"  The  Sabbath  made  for  Man,"  "  Practi- 
cal Observations  on  the  Inhalation  of 
Powders  and  Vapors  in  Diseases  of  the 
Air  Passages  and  of  the  Lungs,"  and 
"  The  Journal  of  Health,  a  monthly  peri- 
odical, devoted  to  the  Promotion  of 
Health  and  Education;  in  three  vol- 
umes ;"  "  A  Temperance  Address  on  the 
Fourth   of  July,   in   Quincy."      Besides 


242  MISCELLANEOUS. 

these  works,  he  has  written  numerous 
articles  on  science,  health,  education,  and 
other  topics  for  the  Boston  Medical  and 
Surgical  Journal,  the  Charleston,  S.  C. 
Medical  Journal  and  Review ;  and  been 
a  regular  correspondent  for  two  years  of 
two  of  the  religious  papers  of  Philadel- 
phia. 

Having  known  what  it  was  to  acquu-e 
an  education  by  his  own  efforts,  Dr.  C. 
has  done  much  to  induce  many  young 
men  and  women  to  qualify  themselves  for 
teachers,  often  giving  them  instruction 
gratuitously,  or  waiting  upon  them  for  a 
small  pecuniary  remuneration,  until  they 
should  earn  and  be  able  to  pay  it  by 
their  own  efforts.  The  aid  thus  given 
has  often  proved  of  great  benefit  to  those 
who  had  not  the  means  of  qualifying 
themselves  for  usefulness,  and  rarely  has 
this  beneficence  been  misplaced.  He  has 
frequently  spent  half  a  day  with  a  young 


MISCELLANEOUS.  243 

person  in  going  from  one  place  to  anoth- 
er, to  introduce  him  into  some  honorable 
and  profitable  employment. 

The  writer  will  ever  remember  with 
pleasure,  the  season  when  the  Rev.  Mr. 
C.  supplied  the  pulpit,  in  Dover,  N.  H., 
where  she  then  resided,  and  at  whose 
house  he  boarded.  The  acquaintance 
has  been  a  pleasant  one,  and  has  been 
maintained  till  the  present  time. 

Eminent  Men. 

Hon.  J.  P.  Hale,  of  N.  H.,  candidate 
for  President  of  the  U.  S. 

Hon.  Abbot  Lawrence,  minister  pleni- 
potentiary of  U.  S.  to  St.  James'  Court, 
one  of  the  "merchant  princes"  of  Boston, 
is  highly  respected  by  foreign  powers, 
much  beloved  and  esteemed  at  home. 

Hon.  Charles  Sumner,  present  U.  S. 
Senator,    from    Mass.,    is    an    eloquent 


244  MISCELLANEOUS. 

speaker,  perceptions  rapid,  reasoning 
clear  and  conclusive,  frank,  pure,  and 
beneficent. 

Hon.  Rufus  Choate,  a  second  Black- 
stone. — Counselor  at  law. 

John  C.  Warren,  M.  D.  "Unfading 
are  the  laurels  "  of  such  men  as  Dr. 
Warren. 

John  B.  Brown,  M.  D.,  fellow  of  the 
Mass.  Medical  Society,  member  of  the 
American  Medical  Association,  and  of 
the  Boston  Society  for  Medical  Improve- 
ment. 

Dr.  Hitchcock,  is  a  professional  den- 
tist, and  may  be  said  to  be  superior  in 
skill. 

Col.  N.  A.  Thompson,  when  a  young 
man,  was  of  much  promise  ;  as  he  came 
forward  in  years,  and  business,  he  was 
crowned  with  prosperity  and  success. 
But  few  young  men  step  up  the  hill  of 
affluence  as  early.     Col.  Thompson  is  a 


MISCELLANEOUS.  245 

gentlemanly  man,  hospitable  and  kind  to 
all.  We  hardly  see  in  a  business  capa- 
city how  the  city  of  Boston  could  do 
without  him. 

My  warmest  thanks  are  due  to  my 
aged  Boston  friend  Mrs.  B.,  for  her  gen- 
erous and  noble  acts  bestowed.  May 
her  useful  life  be  long  spared,  and  her 
last  days  be  her  best. 

Railroad  Men. 

There  is  no  class  of  men  the  public 
are  under  more  obligation  to,  than  those 
men  who  are  engaged  on  the  railroad 
stations.  The  lives  of  the  traveling  pub- 
lic are  apparently  at  their  disposal ;  the 
great  care  and  attention  that  is  constant- 
ly required  from  those  kind  and  amiable 
conductors,  and  from  the  laborious  and 
worthy  baggage  master  and  fireman,  is 

incessant.     There  has  not  been   a  fatal 
21* 


246  MISCELLANEOUS. 

accident,  save  one,  occurred  in  New 
Hampshire  or  Maine,  by  any  omission  of 
duty.  Messrs.  Tucker,  Ackerman,  Hall, 
Smith,  Wadleigh,  and  Kenney,  with  oth- 
ers, which  memory  fails  me  to  enumer- 
ate, whose  efforts  are  untiring  in  bestow- 
ing their  time  and  attention  to  the  thou- 
sands who  annually  pass  those  several 
railroads. 

Tucker,  Ackerman,  and  Kenney,  were 
among  the  first,  with  their  noble  agents. 
Col.  Colman  and  Hiram  Plumer,  of  Mass., 
Hale  and  Waterhouse,  of  Maine,  who 
engaged  in  the  great  stage  enterprise  in 
New  Hampshire.  For  many  years,  with 
their  associates,  they  accommodated  the 
public  with  untiring  efforts. 

Mr.  Tucker  is  a  gentlemanly  man, 
affable  and  kind  to  all.  Mr.  Ackerman 
is  a  sedate  man,  and  is  highly  respected, 
has  been  favorably  noticed  by  the  presen- 
tation of  a  silver  sett.     Mr.  Kenney  and 


MISCELLANEOUS.  247 

Mr.  S.  Kimball,  were  the  first  two  enter- 
prising young  men,  that  drove  the  stage 
through,  from  Dover  to  Conway,  which 
was  considered  at  that  time,  a  great  effort 
to  get  through  the  country  roads,  with  a 
four  horse  coach.  And  those  who  are 
now  living  who  witnessed  the  passing  of 
those  stages,  twice  a  week,  and  the  favors 
received  from  them,  will  not  easily  forget 
with  what  pleasure  they  anticipated  the 
arrival  of  those  worthy  young  men,  sit- 
ting upon  their  boxes,  and  in  their  boxes 
something  to  distribute  to  those  on  the 
way  side,  for  their  happiness  and  com- 
fort. The  amiable  widow  of  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Walker,  of  Milton,  who  survives  her 
beloved  husband,  related  to  the  writer  a 
short  time  since,  when  her  husband  was 
confined  with  his  last  sickness,  with 
what  solicitude  he  would  look  forward 
to  the  hour  of  the  arrival  of  those  stages, 
hoping   those    kind    young   men   would 


248  MISCELLANEOUS. 

bring  him  some  article  that  could  not  be 
obtained  there,  as  they  were  accustomed 
to  do. 

We  regret  we  have  not  the  pleasure  of 
knowing  those  who  are  engaged  on  the 
beautiful  and  pleasant  railroad  route  from 
Cocheco  Falls  to  Alton  Bay. 

Rockport,  Mass. 

We  learn  from  a  respectable  source, 
since  our  work  went  to  press,  that  the 
house  formerly  kept  by  Mr.  C.  Norwood, 
of  Rockport,  Mass.,  is  re-opened  by  a 
gentleman  from  New  Hampshire.  It  is 
now  the  reception  house  for  the  public ; 
has  fine  accommodations,  and  the  best 
attention  paid. 

Rockport  has  the  advantage  of  almost 
any  other  watering  place.  It  is  a  beauti- 
ful village,  with  about  three  thousand 
inhabitants ;   it  abounds  in  choice  fruit, 


MISCELLANEOUS.  249 

and  fine  vegetables.  John  Parsons,  Esq., 
has  a  superior  garden  of  many  acres, 
which  contains  every  variety  of  choice 
fruit.  It  is  said  by  some  to  be  equal  to 
any  in  the  vicinity  of  Boston.  The  citi- 
zens are  fast  building  beautiful  situations, 
and  laying  out  their  front  yards  with  fine 
flower  beds.  A  railroad  from  the  flour- 
ishing town  of  Gloucester  to  Rockport, 
is  anticipated  at  an  early  day. 

The  people  of  Hockport  are  wealthy, 
which  has  been  accumulated  by  industry, 
and  close  application  to  business.  "We 
heard  an  agent  remark  while  residing 
there,  it  was  one  of  the  most  prompt 
places  to  meet  engagements  he  had  met 
with.  We  are  much  indebted  to  the 
kind  and  amiable  family  of  Dea.  Giles. 

There  arc  four  societies  well  united  in 
each  other,  as  has  been  mentioned  in 
another  chapter. 

While   there,  we  visited   a  large  and 


250  MISCELLANEOUS. 

flourishing  Sabbatli  school ;  the  superin- 
tendent, a  devotedly  pious  good  man,  told 
us,  he  had  constantly  attended  the  school 
from  the  commencement,  twenty-eight 
years,  or  thereabouts  ;  and  it  would  be 
his  desire  to  step  out  of  the  Sabbath 
school  into  heaven. 

Hull,  Mass. 

Hull  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful 
places  in  the  vicinity  of  Boston,  ^  for  a 
summer  retreat.  It  has  two  good  public 
houses,  for  the  accommodation  of  visitors, 
the  Oregon  and  Mansion.  The  Oregon 
is  a  fine  house,  and  very  pleasantly  situ- 
ated ;  has  a  fine  view  of  the  sea.  It  is 
kept  by  Mr.  E.  Gould,  Jr.,  proprietor; 
an  accommodating  landlord.  The  Man- 
sion House  has  fine  accommodations  for 
bathing,  and  is  too  well  known  to  the 
public,  to  need  any  commendation. 


MISCELLANEOUS.  251 

We  are  indebted  to  Madam  Gushing, 
and  to  the  ladies  of  Hull,  for  their  pat- 
ronage and  kindness.  May  success  and 
prosperity^  ever  attend  the  good  people  of 
Hull. 

Forgiveness.  "  He  is  unwise  and  un- 
happy who  never  forgets  the  injuries  he 
may  have  received.  They  come  across 
the  heart  like  dark  shadows,  when  the 
sunshine  of  happiness  would  bless  him, 
and  throw  him  into  a  tumult  that  does 
not  easily  subside.  The  demon  of  hate 
reigns  in  his  bosom,  and  makes  him  of 
all  accountable  creatures,  the  most  miser- 
able. Have  you  been  injured  in  purse 
or  character  %  Let  the  smiling  angel  of 
forgiveness  find  repose  in  your  bosom. 
Study  not  how  you  may  revenge,  but 
return  good  for  evil." 

The  sandal  tree  perfumes  when  riven, 
The  axe  that  laid  it  low ; 


252  MISCELLANEOUS. 

Let  man  who  hopes  to  be  forgiven, 
Forgive  and  bless  his  foe. 


Detraction.  Nothing  can  be  more  in- 
congruous with  the  spirit  of  the  gospel, 
the  example  of  Christ,  the  command  of 
God,  and  the  love  of  mankind;  than  a 
spirit  of  detraction.  And  yet  there  are 
many,  who  never  seem  happy,  but  when 
they  are  employed  in  this  work;  they 
feed  and  live  upon  the  faults  of  others. 
They  allow  excellence  to  none ;  they 
depreciate  every  thing  that  is  praise- 
worthy. 

O  my  soul,  come  thou  not  unto  their 
assembly,  mine  honor,  be  not  thou 
united. — H.  Buck. 


MISCELLAMEOUS.  253 

Public  House  in  Dovei\  N.  H. 

Opened  the  Dover  Hotel,  May,  1816. 
At  the  commencement  of  hotel-keeping 
in  Dover,  we  were  honored  with  the 
wisdom  of  the  Strafford  County  bar. 
Hon.  Jeremiah  Mason,  Hon.  Jeremiah 
Smith,  Hon.  Ichabod  Bartlett,  and  J. 
P.  Hale,  with  their  associates,  were 
inmates,  a  long  series  of  years  at  our 
house.  Mr.  Mason  removed  to  Boston, 
some  years  before  his  death.  It  would 
be  in  vain  for  me  to  speak  of  Mr.  Mason's 
talents  as  a  counselor  at  law,  he  was 
second  to  no  man. 

Judge  Smith,  on  the  bench,  was  with- 
out an  equal.  We  have  frequently  heard 
gentlemen  say  they  have  walked  six  miles 
to  hear  his  charge  to  the  jury. 

Judge  Woodbury  was  an  excellent 
man ;  in  his  early  days,  when  attending 
court,  he  brought  his  Bible.     Mr.  Wood- 


254  MISCELLANEOUS. 

bury,  as  my  readers  all  know,  held  many 
important  offices  in  Congress,  before  ap- 
pointed judge  of  the  United  States  Court. 

Mr.  Bartlett  was  a  talented  man,  a 
good  counselor. 

Mr.  Hale  was  early  cut  down  ;  he  was 
an  affable  gentleman,  and  very  much  be- 
loved. He  was  the  life  of  the  company 
in  which  he  was.  He  was  father  to 
the  Hon.  John  P.  Hale. 

The  above  named  have  passed  from 
scenes  of  life  and  activity,  to  scenes  un- 
known. 

If  this  humble  work  should  come  to 
the  eye  of  any  of  those  worthy  counselors 
who  were  inmates  of  the  bar  and  house 
at  that  time,  no  doubt  their  recollection 
willbe  vivid  of  those  by-gone  days. 

Biography. 

Dea.  John  W.  Hayes,  was  eldest  son  of 
Aaron  Hayes,  who  was  a  respectable  far- 


MISCELLANEOUS.  255 

mer,  whose  wife  was  the  granddaughter 
of  the  Rev.  Jonathan  Gushing,  as  has 
been  mentioned  before.  The  only  means 
of  education  enjoyed  by  the  subject  of 
this  sketch,  was  in  the  common  and  select 
schools  of  his  native  town.  By  close  ap- 
plication to  study,  he  obtained  a  good 
English  education  ;  and  for  many  years 
was  sought  unto  as  a  public  teacher,  and 
filled  that  station  in  different  parts  of  the 
community,  with  great  satisfaction.  He 
was  possessed  of  great  amiability  of  tem- 
per, very  agreeable  in  his  intercourse  with 
his  friends.  Was  chosen  Deacon  of  the 
first  Congregational  church,  over  whom 
his  maternal  grandfather's  ministration  ex- 
tended fifty-two  years.  It  was  late  in  life 
when  he  changed  his  situation ;  he  mar- 
ried Miss  Ruth  Emerson,  of  Haverhill, 
Mass.,  a  lady  of  piety  and  high  respecta- 
bility. No  man  could  enjoy  life  better 
than  Mr.  Hayes  after  marriage.     But  he 


256  MISCELLANEOUS. 

was  spared  but  a  few  years  to  the  partner 
of  his  choice.  As  he  saw  his  dissolution 
drawing  near,  he  gave  his  property  to  his 
beloved  wife,  with  the  exception  of  two 
small  legacies  to  young  relatives.  Dea. 
Hayes  died  as  he  lived,  perfectly  resigned 
to  the  will  of  his  Saviour.  Mrs.  Hayes 
survives  her  honored  husband,  and  re- 
sides at  the  mansion  house  of  her  late 
parents,  which  is  one  of  the  antiquated 
landmarks  in  the  beautiful  and  flourish- 
ing town  of  Haverhill,  Mass. ;  where  the 
long  tried  and  much  respected  William 
Brown,  Esq.,  has  for  a  quarter  of  a  cen- 
tury kept  one  of  the  best  public  houses 
in  the  New  England  states. 

Ministry  in  Dover ^  N.  H.,  from  1812. 

Joseph  "Ward  Clary,  fourteenth  minis- 
ter, was  born  in  Rowe,  Mass.,  November 
21st,    1786 ;     graduated   at   Middlebury 


MISCELLANEOUS.  257 

College  in  1808,  received  his  theological 
education  at  Andover,  and  was  ordained 
pastor  of  this  church,  May  7th,  1812  ; 
whose  ministry  and  church-membership 
the  writer  had  the  privilege  of  enjoying 
till  he  was  dismissed  by  mutual  council, 
August  6th,  1828. 

Mr.  Clary  was  truly  "  a  good  and  pious 
man ;"  his  field  of  labor  was  arduous,  but 
he  persevered  and  sowed  the  good  seed, 
that  since  has  been  cultivated  and 
brought  forth  fruit.  He  married  Miss 
Anna  Farrar,  daughter  of  the  late  Judge 
Farrar,  of  New  Ipswich,  N.  H.  Mrs. 
Clary  was  an  amiable  lady :  she  was  early 
and  suddenly  called  to  change  worlds, 
leaving  a  kind  and  affectionate  husband, 
three  children,  and  a  large  circle  of 
friends  to  mourn  her  departure. 

Mr.  Clary's  second  marriage  was  to 
the  widow  of  the  Eev.  Mr.  HaU,  eldest 
daughter  of  Judge  Farrar,  a  pious,  active 

22* 


258  MISCELLANEOUS. 

Christian,  who  was  a  great  acquisition  to 
the  society.  Mr.  Clary's  marriage  added 
much  to  his  domestic  happiness. 

Hubbard  Winslow,  fifteenth  minister, 
was  born  in  Williston,  Vt.  ;  graduated 
at  Yale  College,  in  1825  ;  received  his 
theological  education  at  New  Haven  and 
Andover,  and  was  ordained  pastor,  Dec. 
4th,  1828.  Mr.  Winslow's  field  of  labor 
was  a  very  promising  one.  The  people 
had  a  regard  and  love  for  him,  and  some- 
how or  other,  it  was  in  advance,  it  arrived 
before  he  arrived ;  there  was  not  a  dissent- 
ing voice.  He  commenced  his  labors  with 
great  zeal  and  perseverance,  and  soon  an 
interesting  revival  of  religion  commenced. 
In  the  midst  of  it,  his  health  failed. 
During  the  ministry  of  Mr.  Winslow,  and 
previous  to  the  settlement  of  his  suc- 
cessor, one  hundred  and  seventy-four 
were  added  to  the  church.  He  was  dis- 
missed by  council,  November  30th,  1831. 


MISCELLANEOUS.  259 

David  Root,  sixteenth  minister,  was 
born  in  Pierpont,  N.  H. ;  graduated  at 
Middlebury  college  in  1816  ;  received  his 
theological  education  principally  under  the 
direction  of  Dr.  N.  S.  S.  Beman,  (now  of 
Troy,  N.  Y.,)  and  Dr.  I.  Brown,  of  South 
Carolina;  labored  as  a  missionary  some 
time  in  Georgia ;  was  ordained  pastor  o 
the  second  Presbyterian  church  in  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio,  in  1820  ;  resigned  his  charge 
in  1832,  and  was  installed  pastor  of  the 
first  church  in  Dover,  February  6  th, 
1833.  During  his  ministry  one  hundred 
and  sixty-five  were  added  to  the  church. 
His  connection  ceased  the  4th  of  Septem- 
ber, 1839. 

Mr.  Root  was  a  persevering  man ; 
whatever  he  did,  was  done  with  all  his 
might.  He  was  amiable  in  his  disposi- 
tion, kind  and  benevolent.  "The  im- 
press of  his  profession  was  on  all  his 
deeds ;"   especially  for  liberty  and  equali- 


260  MISCELLANEOUS. 

ty,  and  the  abolishing  of  slavery.  After 
his  installation  in  Dover,  he  married  Miss 
Mary  Gordon,  of  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  a 
well  educated  and  refined  lady,  vrell  cal- 
culated to  assist  her  husband  in  his  paro- 
chial duties;  was  much  beloved  by  all 
societies,  and  a  great  acquisition  to  her 
o^vn. 

Jeremiah  Smith  Young,  seventeenth 
minister,  was  born  in  Whitestown,  N.  Y.  ; 
received  his  theological  education  at  An- 
dover,  where  he  graduated  in  1839  ;  was 
successor  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Root,  •  and  was 
ordained  November  20th,  1839  ;  his  con- 
nection was  dissolved  September  4th, 
1843,  in  consequence  of  ill  health.  Dur- 
ing his  ministry,  one  hundred  and  eighty- 
three  united  with  the  church. 

Mr.  Young  was  an  active,  enterprising 
man,  he  labored  zealously  in  the  cause, 
and  but  few  ministers  were  more  success- 
ful, as  will  be  seen  by  the  large  accession 


MISCELLANEOUS.  261 

to  the  church,  during  the  short  period  of 
his  ministration. 

Mrs.  Young  was  a  daughter  of  the  late 
J.  Warland,  Esq.,  of  Andover,  an  amiable 
lady;  none  could  visit  hei  but  to  love 
and  admire  her. 

Homer  Barrows,  eighteenth  minister, 
was  bom  in  Wareham,  Mass.,  December 
19th,  1806 ;  graduated  at  Amherst  col- 
lege in  1831,  and  at  Andover  theological 
seminary,  in  1834;  was  ordained  pastor 
of  the  second  church  in  Middleboro', 
Mass.,  in  1834;  left  that  place  in  1842; 
was  stated  supply  at  Norton,  Mass.,  for 
three  years  ;  and  was  installed  pastor  of 
this  church,  July  9th,  1845.  His  con- 
nection was  terminated  by  a  mutual 
council,  held  July  6  th,  1852.  During 
his  pastorate,  fifty-eight  were  added  to  the 
church.  Mr.  Barrows  was  installed  pas- 
tor of  the  Congregational  church  in 
Wareham,  Mass.,  October  27th,  1852. 


262  MISCELLANEOUS. 

Mr.  Barrows  was  a  grave,  sober  man, 
a  sound  preacher,  a  good  parochial  min- 
ister ;  untiring  in  his  efforts  to  visit 
the  sick  and  afflicted,  and  was  very  much 
esteemed  and  beloved  by  his  people. 

Benjamin  Franklin  Parsons,  the  nine- 
teenth minister  of  the  first  parish,  was 

bom    in    Wiscassett,    '■ 22d, 

1820;  graduated  at  Bowdoin  college  in 
1841 ;  received  his  theological  education 
at  New  York,  and  Bangor ;  graduating 
at  Bangor  Theological  Seminary,  in  1846. 
He  was  ordained  as  the  first  pastor  of  the 
Congregational  church,  at  Watertown, 
Wiscassett,  June  25th,  1847.  Installed  as 
first  pastor  of  the  first  church  at  Wauke- 
gan,  111.,  November  1st,  1848;  resigned 
his  charge  in  October,  1852,  and  was 
installed  pastor  of  this  church,  January 
12th,  1853. 

The  Bev.  Mr.  Parsons  is  a  minister  of 
much   promise ;    was  the   choice   of  his 


MISCELLANEOUS.  263 

people.  May  his  ministration  be  blessed 
to  them,  and  they  enjoy  a  long  life  of 
Christian  love  and  union  together. 

There  are  but  few  towns  which  have 
been  favored  with  such  able  ministers  as 
Dover,  in  all  the  diiferent  religious  soci- 
eties. The  E-ev.  Dr.  Lothrop  who  is  now 
a  star  in  Boston,  was  one  of  the  beloved 
ministers  of  D.  Mrs.  Lothrop  was  a 
daughter  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Buckminster,  of 
Portsmouth,  X.  H. ;  is  an  amiable  lady, 
much  beloved  and  admired  by  all. 

Rev.  John  Parkman,  a  distinguished 
clergyman,  was  a  settled  minister  in  Do- 
ver. Mr.  Parkman  was  an  independent 
man  in  every  sense  of  the  word ;  he  was 
a  fine  preacher,  and  a  friend  to  the  op- 
pressed, and  did  not  fail  to  declare  his 
true  principles  in  his  pulpit.  The  writer 
regrets  that  we  are  unable  to  mention 
the  several  ministers  now  residing  there, 
having  been  absent  some  time. 


264  MISCELLANEOUS. 

Selected  for  the  Curious. 

A  Lady  Freemason. — The  Hon.  Eliza- 
beth St.  Leger,  was  the  only  female  ever 
initiated  into  the  ancient  mystery  of  free- 
masonry. How  she  obtained  this  honor 
we  shall  lay  before  our  readers.  Lord 
Doneraile,  Miss  St.  Leger's  father,  a  very 
zealous  mason,  held  a  warrant,  and  occa- 
sionally opened  a  lodge  at  Doneraile 
House ;  his  sons  and  some  intimate 
friends  assisting ;  and  it  is  said  that  never 
were  the  masonic  duties  more  rigidly  per- 
formed than  by  them.  Previous  to  the 
initiation  of  a  gentleman  to  the  first  steps 
of  masonry,  Miss  St.  Leger,  who  was  a 
young  girl,  happened  to  be  in  an  apart- 
ment adjoining  the  room  generally  used 
as  a  lodge-room.  This  room  at  the  time 
was- undergoing  some  alterations ;  amongst 
other  things,  the  wall  was  considerably 
reduced  in   one  part.     The    young  lady 


MISCELLANEOUS.  265 

having  heard  the  voices  of  the  freemasons, 
and  prompted  by  the  curiosity  natural  to 
all,  to  see  this  mystery,  so  long  and  so 
secretly  locked  up  from  public  view,  she 
had  the  courage  to  pick  a  brick  from  the 
wall  with  her  scissors,  and  witnessed  the 
ceremony  through  the  two  first  steps. 
Curiosity  satisfied,  fear  at  once  took  pos- 
session of  her  mind.  There  was  no  mode 
of  escape,  except  through  the  very  room 
where  the  concluding  part  of  the  second 
step  was  still  being  solemnized,  and  that 
-  being  at  the  far  end,  and  the  room  a  very 
large  one,  she  had  resolution  sufiicient  to 
attempt  her  escape  that  way ;  and  >vith 
light  but  trembling  step  glided  along  un- 
observed, laid  her  hand  on  the  handle  of 
the  door,  and  gently  opening  it,  before 
her  stood,  to  her  dismay,  a  grim  and 
surly  tyler,  with  his  long  sword  un- 
sheathed. A  shriek  that  pierced  through 
tlie  apartment,  alarmed  the  members  of 

23 


266  MISCELLANEOUS. 

the  lodge,  who,  all  rushing  to  the  door, 
and  finding  that  Miss  St.  Leger  had 
been  in  the  room  during  the  ceremony, 
in  the  first  paroxysm  of  their  rage,  her 
death  was  resolved  on,  but  from  the 
moo™g  supplication  of  her  younger 
brother,  her  life  was  saved,  on  condition 
of  her  going  through  the  whole  of  the 
solemn  ceremony  she  had  unlawfully 
witnessed.  This  she  consented  to,  and 
they  conducted  the  beautiful  and  terrified 
young  lady  through  those  trials  which 
are  sometimes  more  than  enough  for  mas- 
culine resolution,  little  thinking  they 
were  taking  into  the  bosom  of  their  craft 
a  member  that  would  afterwards  reflect  a 
lustre  on  the  annals  of  masonry.  The 
lady  was  cousin  to  General  Anthony  St. 
Leger,  governor  of  St.  Lucia,  who  insti- 
tuted the  interesting  race  and  the  cele- 
brated Doncaster  St.  Leger  stakes.  Miss 
St.    Leger    married   Richard    Aid  worth, 


MISCELLANEOUS.  267 

Esq.,  of  Newmarket.  Whenever  a  bene- 
fit was  given  at  the  theatre  in  Dublin  or 
Cork,  for  the  Masonic  Female  Orphan 
Asylum,  she  walked  at  the  head  of  the 
freemasons  with  their  apron  and  other 
insignia  of  freemasonry,  and  sat  in  the 
front  row  of  the  stage  boxes.  The  house 
was  always  crowded  on  these  occasions. 
Her  portrait  is  in  the  lodge-room  of  al- 
most every  lodge  in  Ireland. — Chronicle. 

Fordyce  Hitchcock. — What  a  scene  of 
moral  beauty  is  beheld  when  a  child  is 
seen  administering  to  the  comforts  of  his 
aged  parents.  And  mth  truth  has  it 
been  said,  "  I  defy  you  to  show  me  a  son 
that  has  discharged  his  duty  to  those  who 
cherished  him  in  infancy,  who  ever  per- 
manently failed  in  the  honest  and  lauda- 
ble pursuits  of  life."  The  subject  of  this 
sketch  afibrds  an  admirable  illustration 
of  the  truth  of  the  above  remark.     Now 


268  MISCELLANEOUS. 

a  prosperous  merchant  of  New  York,  his 
aged  parents,  an  impotent  brother,  and  a 
maiden  sister,  have  long  found  in  him, 
alike  a  staff  to  old  age,  and  a  support  in 
affliction.  Mr.  Hitchcock  was  born  in 
Danbury,  in  the  state  of  Connecticut; 
and  being  one  of  a  large  family  of  chil- 
dren, was  early  thrown  upon  his  own  re- 
sources, both  for  his  support  and  educa- 
tion. Many  were  the  hardships  he  un- 
derwent ;  but  he  persevered  through 
them  all,  and  in  the  darkest  hours,  he 
ever  "  looked  towards  the  light."  In 
1842  he  removed  to  New  York  city,  and 
in  the  following  year  he  became  mana- 
ger's assistant  in  the  American  Museum. 
In  this  capacity  he  served  for  eight 
months ;  after  which,  on  the  departure 
of  Mr.  Bamum,  the  proprietor,  for  Eu- 
rope, he  assumed  the  entire  management 
of  the  concern.  His  quick  and  ready 
judgment  enabled  him  to  see,  at  a  glance. 


MISCELLANEOUS.  269 

the  result  of  every  thing  connected  with 
*  his  busiaess,  together  with  all  its  various 
bearings;  and  seeing  them,  his  untiring 
energy  and  indomitable  perseverance 
carried  through  every  measure  he  ad- 
opted, and  brought  in  a  golden  harvest  to 
the  treasury  of  that  establishment.  On 
his  retirement  from  the  museum,  he  car- 
ried with  him  the  best  wishes  as  well  as 
the  sympathies  of  almost  every  person  con- 
nected with  the  establishment;  as  was 
attested  by  the  presentation  to  him,  by 
the  worthy  proprietor  and  employees,  of 
a  service  of  splendid  silver  plate. 

As  a  merchant,  his  habits  of  industry, 
urbanity,  and  benevolence,  cannot  fail  of 


The  following  is  an  extract  of  a  letter 

from  John  Adams,  alluding  to  the  first 

prayer  in  Congress: 

Here  was  a  scene  worthy  of  a  painter*8 
23* 


270  MISCELLANEOUS. 

art.  It  was  in  Carpenter's  Hall,  Phila- 
delphia, a  building  which  still  survives, 
that  the  devoted  individuals  met  to  whom 
this  service  was  read.  Washington  was 
kneeling  there,  and  Henry,  and  Ran- 
dolph, and  Kutlege,  and  Lee,  and  Jay ; 
and  by  their  side  stood,  bowed  in  rever- 
ence, the  puritan  patriots  of  New  Eng- 
land, who  at  that  moment  had  reason  to 
believe  that  an  armed  soldiery  were 
wasting  their  humble  households.  It 
was  believed  that  Boston  had  been  bom- 
barded and  destroyed.  They  prayed  fer- 
vently for  "  America,  for  the  Congress, 
for  the  province  of  Massachusetts  Bay, 
and  especially  for  the  town  of  Boston ;" 
and  who  can  realize  the  emotions  with 
which  they  turned  imploringly  to  heaven 
for  diviue  interposition  and  aid  1  "  It 
was  enough  to  melt  a  heart  of  stone.  I 
saw  the  tears  gush  into  the  eyes  of  the  old, 
grave,  pacific  Quakers  of  Philadelphia." 


MISCELLANEOUS.  271 

John  Adams'  Interview  with  George  IIL 

The  folio  w^ing  is  an  extract  from  a  let- 
ter to  Mr.  Jay,  in  which  Mr.  Adams  de- 
scribes his  first  interview  with  the  king. 
Having  been  introduced  to  his  majesty 
by  the  Marquis  of  Carmarthen,  he  says : 

"  I  went  with  his  lordship  through  the 
levee-room  into  the  king's  closet;  the 
door  was  shut,  and  I  was  left  with  his 
majesty  and  the  secretary  of  state  alone. 
I  made  the  references, — one  at  the  door, 
another  about  half  way,  and  the  third 
before  the  presence, — according  to  the 
usage  established  at  this  and  all  the 
northern  courts  of  Europe,  and  then 
addressed  myself  to  his  majesty  in  the 
following  words: 

"  Sir,  the  United  States  have  appointed 
me  their  minister  plenipotentiary  to  your 
majesty,  and  have  directed  me  to  deliver 
to  your  majesty  this  letter,  whi^h  con- 


272  MISCELLANEOUS. 

tains  the  evidence  of  it.  It  is  in  obedi- 
ence to  their  express  commands,  that  I 
have  the  honor  to  assure  your  majesty  of 
their  unanimous  disposition  and  desire  to 
cultivate  the  most  friendly  and  liberal 
intercourse  between  your  majesty's  sub- 
jects and  their  citizens,  and  of  their 
wishes  for  your  majesty's  health  and  hap- 
piness, and  for  that  of  your  royal  family. 
The  appointment  of  a  minister  from  the 
United  States  to  your  majesty's  court, 
will  form  an  epoch  in  the  history  of  Eng- 
land and  America.  I  think  myself  more 
fortunate  than  all  my  fellow  citizens, 
having  the  distinguished  honor  to  be  the 
first  to  stand  in  your  majesty's  royal 
presence  in  a  diplomatic  character ;  and 
I  shall  esteem  myself  the  happiest  of  men, 
if  I  can  be  instrumental  in  recommend- 
ing my  country  more  and  more  to  your 
majesty's  royal  benevolence,  and  of  re- 
storing an  entire  esteem,  confidence,  and 


MISCELLANEOUS.  273 

affection ;  or,  in  better  words,  '  the  old 
good-nature,  and  the  old  good-humor,' 
between  people  who,  though  separated  by 
an  ocean,  and  under  different  govern- 
ments, have  the  same  language,  a  similar 
religion,  and  kindred  blood.  I  beg  your 
majesty's  permission  to  add,  that  although 
I  have  sometimes  before  been  intrusted 
by  my  country,  it  was  never  in  my  whole 
life,  in  a  manner  so  agreeable  to  myself." 

The  king  listened  to  every  word  I  said 
with  dignity,  it  is  true,  but  with  an  ap' 
parent  emotion.  Whether  it  was  the 
nature  of  the  interview,  or  whether  it 
was  my  visible  agitation,  for  I  felt  more 
than  I  could  express,  that  touched  him,  I 
cannot  say;  but  he  was  much  affected, 
and  answered  me  with  more  tremor  than 
I  had  spoken  with,  and  said: 

"  Sir,  the  circumstances  of  this  audi- 
ence are  so  extraordinary,  the  language 
you    have    now    held    is    so    extremely 


274  MISCELLANEOUS, 

proper,  and  the  feelings  you  have  discov- 
ered so  justly  adapted  to  the  occasion, 
that  I  must  say  that  I  not  only  receive 
with  pleasure  the  assurances  of  the 
friendly  disposition  of  the  people  of  the 
United  States,  but  I  am  very  glad  the 
choice  has  fallen  upon  you  to  be  their 
minister.  I  wish  you,  sir,  to  believe,  and 
that  it  may  be  understood  in  America, 
that  I  have  done  nothing  in  the  late  con- 
test but  what  I  thought  myself  indispen- 
sably bound  to  do,  by  the  duty  which  I 
owed  to  my  people.  I  will  be  very  frank 
with  you.  I  was  the  last  to  conform  to 
the  separation ;  but  the  separation  having 
been  made,  and  having  become  inevitable, 
I  have  always  said,  as  I  say  now,  that  I 
would  be  the  first  to  meet  the  friendship 
of  the  United  States  as  an  independent 
power.  The  moment  I  see  such  senti- 
ments and  language  as  yours  prevail,  and 
a  disposition  to  give  this  country  the  pre- 


MISCELLANEOUS.  275 

ference,  that  moment  I  shall  say,  let  the 
circumstances  of  language,  religion,  and 
blood,  have  their  natural  and  full  effect."  . 

Patrick  TV.  Tompkins. 

About  forty  years  ago,  somewhere  in 
the  woods  near  the  line  between  Tennes- 
see and  Kentucky,  in  a  log  cabin  sixteen 
feet  by  eighteen,  which  was  already  occu- 
pied by  a  brood  of  ten  or  twelve  children, 
was  bom  a  youngster,  the  hero  of  our 
sketch.  In  his  infancy  he  was  fed  on 
hog  and  hominy,  and  the  flesh  of  such 
"  wild  varmints  "  as  were  caught  in  the 
woods.  At  twelve  years  of  age  he  was 
put  out  to  work  with  a  neighbor  as  a 
farm  boy ;  drove  oxen,  hoed  corn,  raised 
tobacco  in  summer,  cured  it  and  prized  it 
in  winter,  till  he  was  seventeen  years  old, 
when  he  took  to  making  brick,  to  which 
he  added  the  profession  of  a  carpenter; 


276  MISCELLANEOUS. 

and  by  the  successive  steps  in  mechanical 
arts,  he  became  able,  by  his  own  unas- 
sisted skill,  to  rear  a  house  from  the  clay 
pit  or  from  the  stump,  and  complete  it  in 
all  its  parts,  and  to  do  it  too,  in  a  manner 
that  none  of  his  competitors  could  sur- 
pass. His  panel  doors  are  to  this  day 
the  wonder  and  admiration  of  all  the 
country  in  which  they  continue  to  swing 
on  their  hinges.  He  never  saw  the  inside 
of  a  school-house  or  church,  till  after  he 
was  eighteen  years  old.  By  the  assist- 
ance of  an  old  man  in  the  neighborhood, 
he  learned,  during  the  winter  evenings, 
to  read  and  write,  while  a  farm  boy. 
Having  achieved  these  valuable  acquisi- 
tions, by  the  aid  of  another,  all  his  other 
education  has  been  the  fruit  of  his  own 
application  and  perseverance.  At  the  age 
of  twenty-one,  he  conceived  the  idea  of 
fitting  himself  for  the  the  practice  of  the 
law.     He  at  first  procured  an  old  copy  of 


MISCELLANEOUS.  277 

Blackstone,  and  having,  after  the  close  of 
his  daily  labors,  by  nightly  studies  in  his 
log  cabin,  mastered  the  contents  of  that 
compendium  of  common  law,  he  pursued 
his  researches  into  other  elementary 
works.  And  having  thus,  by  great  dili- 
gence, acquired  the  rudiments  of  his  pro- 
fession, he  met  with  an  old  lawyer  who 
had  quit  practice,  or  whose  practice  had 
quit  him,  with  whom  he  made  a  bargain 
for  his  scanty  library,  for  which  he  was 
to  pay  him  one  hundred  and  twenty-nine 
dollars  in  carpenter's  work;  and  the  chief 
part  of  the  job  to  be  done  in  payment  for 
these  old  musty  books,  was  dressing  and 
laying  an  old  oaken  floor  and  doors,  at 
three  dollars  per  square  of  ten  feet.  The 
library  paid  for,  our  hero  dropped  the 
adze,  plane  and  trowel,  and  we  soon  after 
hear  of  him  as  one  of  the  most  prominent 
members  of  the  Mississippi  bar,  and  a 
noble  statesman  and  orator.     "  I   heard 

24 


278  MISCELLANEOUS.    . 

him  one  day,"  says  one,  "  make  two 
speeches  in  succession,  of  three  hours 
length  each,  to  the  same  audience ;  and 
not  a  movement  testified  any  weariness 
on  the  part  of  a  single  auditor,  and  dur- 
ing their  delivery,  the  assembly  seemed 
swayed  by  the  orator,  as  reeds  by  the 
wind." 

The  poor  farm  boy  is  at  the  present 
time  a  member  of  Congress,  from  Missis- 
sippi. His  name  is  Patrick  W.  Tomp- 
kins ;  he  is  a  self-made  man,  and  h's 
history  shows  what  a  humble  boy  can  do, 
when  he  determines  to  try. 

The  writer  has  a  special  interest  in 
selecting  this  sketch  for  the  Autobiogra- 
phy, hoping  it  may  encourage  some  poor 
boy  "  to  go  and  do  likewise." 

Elbridge  Gerry. 

Unfading  are  the  laurels  of  such  men 
as   Elbridge   Gerry.      He   was   born   at 


MISCELLANEOUS.  279 

Marblehead,  Mass.,  July  17th,  1744. 
From  his  father,  a  wealthy  merchant,  he 
received  a  liberal  education,  after  which 
he  amassed  a  considerable  fortune  by 
commercial  pursuits.  Fearless  in  expres- 
sion of  his  sentiments  against  the  op- 
pression of  the  mother  country,  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  general  court  of 
the  province,  in  1773.  He  soon  became 
a  boldi  and  energetic  leader,  and  was 
active  in  all  the  leading  political  move- 
ments, until  the  war  broke  out.  At  the 
time  of  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  he  was 
a  member  of  the  provincial  Congress,  and 
the  night  previous  to  the  battle,  he  and 
General  Warren  slept  together  in  the 
same  bed.  In  the  morning  they  bid  each 
other  an  affectionate  farewell.  They 
parted  to  meet  no  more  on  earth,  for 
Warren  was  slain  on  the  battle-field.  In 
Januar)',  1776,  Mr.  Gerry  was  elected 
a  member  of  the   continental  Congress, 


280  MISCELLANEOUS. 

when  he  signed  his  name  to  the  Declara- 
tion of  Independence.  After  serving  in 
many  important  capacities,  among  which 
was  that  of  governor  of  his  native  state, 
in  1811,  he  was  elected  vice-president  of 
the  United  States.  But  before  the  ex- 
piration of  his  term,  while  at  the  seat  of 
government,  he  died  suddenly,  November 
23d,  1814,  aged  seventy  years. 

Mrs.  Ann  Gerry  died  at  New  Haven, 
on  the  17th  of  March,  1849.  Mrs.  Ann 
Gerry,  aged  eighty-six,  relict  of  vice- 
president  Elbridge  Gerry,  and  daughter 
of  the  venerable  Charles  Thompson,  the 
secretary  of  the  revolutionary  Congress. 
She  was  one  of  the  most  elegant  and  ac- 
complished ladies  of  her  day.  Trained 
up  amidst  the  scenes  of  the  revolution, 
she  possessed  all  the  energy  and  firmness 
of  those  times.  During  her  husband's 
absence  as  ambassador  to  France,  her 
house  was  entered  by  a  burglar,  when, 


MISCELLANEOUS.  281 

animated  with  true  courage,  she  seized  a 
pistol  and  encountered  him ;  he  fled  be- 
fore her,  jumped  from  a  window,  broke 
his  leg,  and  was  taken.  Her  husband 
died  poor ;  and  to  provide  for  this  relict 
of  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Inde- 
pendence, and  vice-president,  her  son  was 
appointed  surveyor  of  the  port  of  Boston. 
A  brother  in  the  service  of  the  East  India 
Company,  left  her  a  handsome  fortune. 
Col.  J.  T.  Austin,  the  late  accomplished 
attorney-general  of  Massachusetts,  mar- 
ried her  eldest  daughter. — Salem  Reg- 
ister. 

William  Elery. 

Bom  at  Newport,  Rhode  Island,  De- 
cember 22d,  1727;  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1747,  at  the  age  of  twenty; 
and  afterwards  commenced  the  practice 
of  the  law  at  Newport,  where  he  acquired 
a   fortune.      Enjoying   the   entire    confi- 


282  MISCELLANEOUS, 

dence  of  his  fellow  citizens,  he  was  soon 
called  into  active  service  in  the  cause  of 
patriotism.  In  1776,  he  was  sent  with 
Stephen  Hopkins  as  a  delegate  to  the 
general  Congress,  where  he  voted  for  and 
signed  the  Declaration  of  Independence. 
After  holding  many  honorable  offices  in 
his  state,  he  was  appointed  judge  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Khode  Island,  where,  in 
connection  with  Rufiis  King,  of  New 
York,  he  made  strenuous  efforts  for  the 
abolition  of  slavery  in  the  United  States. 
After  the  adoption  of  the  constitution  in 
1788,  he  was  appointed  collector  of  the 
port  of  Newport,  which  office  he  held 
until  his  death.  He  died  on  the  15  th  of 
February,  1820.  He  was  a  true  patriot, 
and  a  sincere  Christian. 

Morning  School  in  Dover. 

The  first  private  school  in  Dover,  was 
a  mormng   school,   commencing  at  five 


MISCELLANEOUS.  283 

o'clock,  and  ending  at  eight.  We  were 
then  teaching  the  District  school  through 
the  day,  numbering  from  seventy  to 
eighty  scholars.  The  young  ladies  who 
attended  the  morning  school  were  selected 
from  fine  families,  and  were  ambitious 
each  one  to  obtain  useful  knowledge. 
They  were  intelligent,  well  instructed, 
and  emulous  to  excel.  One  of  the  num- 
ber, who  was  a  fine  scholar,  well  versed 
in  mathematics,  and  a  great  acquisition 
to  the  school,  had  a  property  in  the  hands 
of  a  guardian,  which  she  legally  came  in 
possession  of  in  the  middle  of  the  term. 
The  young  lady  being  full  of  life,  energy 
and  ambition,  invested  her  property  in 
English  goods,  thinking  it  would  be 
pretty  business  to  retail  silks,  muslins, 
ribbons  and  lawns.  She  requested  the 
teacher  to  take  the  whole  amount  of  the 
tuition,  as  it  was  necessary  for  her  to 
leave  the  school  on  account  of  business. 


284  MISCELLANEOUS. 

"  I  have  no  doubt  but  she  looked  away 
from  the  present,  the  near,  the  real,  away 
to  future,  the  distant,  the  ideal."  One 
of  the  members  of  that  school  who  is  a 
worthy  member  of  society,  and  a  tender 
parent,  asked  the  writer  in  '53,  if  she 
recollected  an  incident  that  took  place  in 
that  school.  A  rule  was  established,  if 
any  scholar  was  absent  at  the  school- 
hour,  they  should  pay  a  fine ;  and  in 
return,  the  young  ladies  requested  the 
same  obligation  to  rest  on  the  teacher; 
which  was  cheerfully  acceded  to.  Many 
of  those  then  young  ladies  who  attended 
J;hat  morning  school,  are  now  wives  of 
eminent  gentlemen,  placed  in  affluent  cir- 
cumstances, kind,  affectionate  mothers, 
and  a  great  acquisition  to  society. 

THE       END. 


U  C  S  B  U  B  R  A  R  Y 


University  of  California 

SOUTHERN  REGIONAL  LIBRARY  FACILITY 

405  Hilgard  Avenue,  Los  Angeles,  CA  90024-1388 

Return  this  material  to  the  lit>rary 

from  which  it  was  borrowed. 


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